Let's learn about "Viruses, Variants, Vaccines, and Virulence: The Present and Future of COVID-19"! #CHEST2021 1/
First up is Dr. Shazia Jamil (@MdShaziajamil) with "Alpha, Beta, Lambda, and Delta: The Epidemiology of COVID-19 Variants"! #CHEST2021 2/
Understanding the terminology #CHEST2021 3/
Evolution of COVID-19 genome sequencing #CHEST2021 4/
A genetic lineage is a family tree. #CHEST2021 5/
The Pango nomenclature system is a rule-based system for naming SARS-CoV-2 genetic lineages. #CHEST2021 6/
A genetic clade tracks how a virus bounces around various geographical regions. #CHEST2021 7/
GIASID is an initiative that promotes rapid sharing of data from viruses. #CHEST2021 18/
SARS-CoV-2 variants naming #CHEST2021 19/
The S protein has a fundamental role as a target for vaccine development, antibody-blocking therapy, and for small molecule inhibitors. #CHEST2021 20/
Evolutionary perspective of SARS-CoV-2 variants #CHEST2021 21/
The D614G mutation made the virus more infectious, but not more severe. #CHEST2021 22/
The alpha variant was identified in Great Britain in 9/2020. #CHEST2021 23/
The alpha variant is more transmissible and deadly. #CHEST2021 24/
The beta variant was detected in South Africa in 12/2020. #CHEST2021 25/
The beta variant is highly transmissible but not more severe or deadly. But it was more resistant to the vaccine. #CHEST2021 26/
The lamda variant was found in 12/2020 in Peru. #CHEST2021 27/
The delta variant is the predominant variant in the U.S. It was found in India in 10/2020. #CHEST2021 28/
The delta variant is very infectious and is more severe. #CHEST2021 29/
The delta plus variant has an additional mutation that leads to enhanced immune escape. #CHEST2021 30/
The best step to curb mutation is to minimize the spread - vaccinate, distancing, masks, etc. #CHEST2021 31/
Non-pharmacologic interventions to minimize COVID-19 spread. #CHEST2021 32/
Next up is Dr. Ryan Maves (@RMavesMd) with "Vulnerable Hosts Monoclonals and Vaccine Strategies"! #CHEST2021 33/
There are a number of factors that can make someone "high-risk." #CHEST2021 34/
The incidence of graft loss and adverse renal and cardiac events in transplant patients is higher in patients who had COVID-19. #CHEST2021 35/
Patients with stem cell transplants have a much worse mortality rate when they had COVID-19. #CHEST2021 36/
The vaccines lead to a dramatic decrease in mortality! #CHEST2021 37/
Vaccine efficacy has been decreasing since the emergence of the Delta variant. #CHEST2021 38/
That said, there is still sustained high protection against hospitalization in most groups, although there is a significant reduction in protection in clinically vulnerable groups. Some of this declining efficacy is due to time and some due to the delta variant. #CHEST2021 39/
Strategies for prevention include nonpharmacologic measures (like masking/social distancing, crowd avoidance), plus vaccine adjustments and monoclonal antibodies. #CHEST2021 40/
A 3-dose primary vaccine series is used in high-risk populations because this study showed that solid-organ transplant recipients had a decreased rate of seroconversion after a 2 dose series. #CHEST2021 41/
In this study they showed improved seroconversion with a 3rd dose in solid organ transplant recipients. #CHEST2021 42/
This RCT found that a 3rd dose increased COVID protection in solid organ transplant recipients. #CHEST2021 43/
Boosters address waning serologic response. Controversies include equity and limited data. #CHEST2021 44/
You need to give vaccine boosters to a ton of young people to prevent a hospitalization, but that number goes down in older people. There may be an additional benefit of limiting spread, though. #CHEST2021 45/
Current booster recommendations #CHEST2021 46/
Early data suggest that monoclonal antibodies decrease the risk of hospitalization in high risk patients with mild to moderate disease. #CHEST2021 47/
Who should be offered monoclonal antibodies? #CHEST2021 48/
So where are we now with monoclonal antibodies? #CHEST2021 49/
Summary - What are we doing today? #CHEST2021 50/50
Share this Scrolly Tale with your friends.
A Scrolly Tale is a new way to read Twitter threads with a more visually immersive experience.
Discover more beautiful Scrolly Tales like this.