Paul Graham Profile picture
Aug 11, 2019 4 tweets 1 min read Read on X
A simple heuristic that will save inexperienced startup founders from several different types of mistakes: be really cheap. This will save you from hiring too many people, from renting a fancy office, and from growing by buying users instead of making great things.
If you raise from VCs, most will pressure you to spend faster. Partly because, as money people, they think money solves problems. But partly for a more sinister reason: so they can buy more of the company when you burn through this money and need to raise more.
If you're a young founder, VCs have a powerful weapon to convince you to spend faster. They can tell you it's amateurish to be cheap. That you're thinking small. Don't listen to them. Most famous founders were cheap.
It's hard to think of a YC company that was killed by being too cheap. But the number killed by spending too much seems endless.

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More from @paulg

Feb 22
The worst thing a pitch to professional investors can be is confusing. Professional investors are willing to give early stage startups the benefit of the doubt. They're ok with risk. But they can't invest in a startup whose pitch they can't even follow.
It is therefore a big mistake for early stage startups to conceal the risks they face by being vague or evasive. You're hiding something that won't bother experts using something that will. Just admit the risks upfront, and explain why the EV is high nonetheless.
A related mistake founders make is to underestimate how easy it is to confuse investors with an unclear pitch. The founders are familiar with their idea, but investors are seeing it for the first time. So even a small loss of clarity can lose them.
Read 4 tweets
Feb 10
The classic software startup writes code to solve users' problems. If AI makes writing code more of a commodity, understanding users' problems will become the most important component of starting a startup. But it already is.
What YC asks about in interviews is how well you understand users' needs, not your programming ability. I explained this years ago in this essay I wrote about how to ace your Y Combinator interview:

paulgraham.com/ace.html
So even if AI becomes very good at writing code, it won't change starting a startup that dramatically. Understanding users' needs will still be the core of starting a startup. And the best way to understand users' needs will still be to have them yourself.
Read 4 tweets
Jan 29
What most people don't realize about Boom is that if they ship an airliner at all, every airline that flies internationally will have to buy it or be converted against their will into a discount airline, flying tourists subsonically.
Ticket prices will be about the same as current business class prices on international flights. How can this be? Because the flights are so much shorter that you don't need lay-flat beds. You can use the seat pitch of domestic first class.
If business class travelers have a choice of a 10 hour subsonic flight from Seattle to Tokyo or a 5 hour supersonic one at the same price, they're all going to take the 5 hour one. Which means all the business class travelers switch to supersonic.
Read 4 tweets
Jan 13
I just finished a new essay about the origins of wokeness. I'm going to get flak from both the far right and the far left about it, so to save all our time I'll respond in advance to what I know they'll say.
People on the far right may, if they haven't been paying attention, claim that I'm just jumping on the bandwagon now that wokeness is already collapsing. In fact I've been writing about this topic since 2004, and I predicted this collapse a year ago:

Others on the right will point out that I voted for Harris. I did. If you're capable of choosing your opinions individually instead of swallowing Republican or Democratic orthodoxy whole, it's possible to see both that wokeness is dangerous and that Trump is more dangerous.
Read 6 tweets
Dec 17, 2024
AI startups seem to grow faster than previous startups. But this is just the latest stage in a consistent trend over the last 50 years. Each decade's startups grow faster than the previous decade's.
Why does this happen? Startups don't just produce technology. They also consume technology. Better technology lets you do what you want faster. Startups want to grow. So better technology yields faster growth.
This is why there are so many billionaires now. The value of a company depends on its earnings and its growth rate. But a faster growth rate means both those numbers increase.
Read 4 tweets
Mar 24, 2024
I have a file of notes about essays I might write in the future. Typically I'll have about a paragraph about each. I was curious how long the file was. 1792 lines!
In practice this file is practically write-only. When I have an idea for an essay but don't have time to write it (e.g. because I'm in the middle of another) I make a note of it in the file. But I pretty much never go back and read them.
That's not to say that I don't write the essays described in the file though. I often do. But not because I found them by scrolling through the file. I just ended up thinking about the same topic again.
Read 4 tweets

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