My instinct is this is legally fine. He's at pains to make clear that the request for an extension stands, is not being countermanded, and it's open to the EU to accede to it. This is just fluff - the EU will ignore it and to be honest I hope the rest of us can too.
I wish it wouldn't get written up this way though. "Ignore parliament - I'm not asking for a delay, says PM". He doesn't say that and, if he did, that would be unlawful. That's why he's not saying it.
My view on the legality of the "three letters" trick is set out more fully here, for anyone interested.
The guidance is for government lawyers. Its backbone is this risk matrix about how to communicate legal risk (left), which is pretty much the same as the previous version (right).
Some say this is a straitjacket. But we @instituteforgov found that lawyers and policy makers generally find it helpful (left). See chart (right) that shows how confusing it can be for lawyers to say "this is quite likely to be unlawful". Clients don't know what it means.
[Niche legal thread:]
With the greatest respect to lawyers citing it, I don't think the Court of Appeal's judgment in Gulf Centre says that ministers' duty under the Ministerial Code to comply with the law includes a duty to comply with international law. bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/…
The CA held that the 2010 code, which explicitly mentioned international law, imposed no duty to comply with the law additional to that which ministers already owed. It was "referential", i.e. "referenced" duties ministers already owed.
Though the explicit mention of intl law was dropped in 2015, the key duty under which it was subsumed - the general duty to comply with the law - was kept. The court held, therefore, that "the Deletion involved no change in substance".
So what is the "specific and limited" breach of international law contained in the Internal Market Bill?
S42 gives a minister the power to make regs about exit declarations. S42(4)-(5) say that these can include provisions disapplying rights/obligations that would otherwise apply as a result of domestic/international law (i.e. the Withdrawal Agreement or Withdrawal Agreement Bill).
Why is this a breach? Under s45, it applies notwithstanding domestic/international law that is inconsistent with it. This means, among other things, that it applies notwithstanding (ie it overrides) s7A EU (Withdrawal) Act, which puts the Withdrawal Agreement into domestic law.
If anyone is wondering whether and why it actually matters that the UK is committed to the rule of international law and the binding force of that law, here are just a few recent examples.
International law is the basis on which the UK, and Boris Johnson himself as foreign secretary, condemned the use of chemical weapons in Syria.
My analysis for @instituteforgov on the resignation of Sir Jonathan Jones, the Treasury Solicitor and the government's top legal official. It points to a much wider struggle over what the UK's commitment to the rule of law means. Does it include intl law?
As a lawyer, Sir Jonathan has an overriding duty to act with independence in the interests of justice. When the government threatened to disregard the Benn Act over Article 50 last year, he stayed. Those were just words, he said. This time, gvt is acting.
There's a much wider issue. Some argue that civil servants' duty to obey the law extends only to domestic law, and ministers are free to disregard international law. Sir Jonathan disagreed.
The reason: international law is law. So the UK respects it.
At this event in Feb, I asked Jonathan Jones, who has reportedly just resigned over the government's threats to breach the withdrawal agreement, what approach gvt takes to international law. His answer is.... illuminating. 1/ instituteforgovernment.org.uk/events/legal-a…
I asked: What approach do gvt lawyers take to these obligations given that, unlike domestic rules, they are not enforceable against the government before the UK courts? He said: "Fundamentally, international law is the law. It derives from obligations the government has...
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entered into through treaty or otherwise arise under international law. We treat that as the law, and the government is subject to the rule of law and will comply with those obligations. So, the role of the lawyer [...] will be just the same: to give the best, professional...
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