(1) Perps have no maturity when issued. Theoretically they pay you interest till infinity. (1/n)
(2) Practically, these bonds have something called as a call option. so when the issuer (lets say, yes bank) wants to discontinue, it calls the bonds back, pays the par value (generally) and it will be closed. These call dates (when can you call back) are predefined. (2/n)
(3) Generally these call options are typically after 5 years
(4) There is no compulsion on the issuer (yes bank) to call back the bonds. Its the issuers choice. If interest rates in the market are lower than what perps offer and they have liquidity, they might call back. (3/n)
(5) Perps are unsecured and in an event of liquidation, they are only paid if there is any money left after paying depositors and other bond holders but before preference shares and equity. (3/n)
(6) It is also nt compulsory 4 the bank to pay the yearly coupon. If da bank made a loss 4 the FY n there r no free reserves to dip into, bank can decide nt 2 pay the interest n its nt a default. Also da interest that da bank dint pay last FY does nt get accumulated 4 da next FY.
(7) Because of all of the above, perps are generally rated 1-2 notches lower than the long term rating of the issuer and pays a higher coupon. (End)
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Let me tell you a story of the most brutal correction in India, it was the dot com bubble. Not only because markets corrected 54% but also because it lasted for 19 months.
Lets see what an SIP investor would have experienced (1/6)
If you were very smart & started your 25,000 SIP at the exact BOTTOM of the market cycle in Sep 2001 from where the correction ended & markets started going up & you stayed invested till Dec 2024, you would have invested 70 L over 280 months & today that would have become 5.50 cr. at the actual market returns. (2/6)
BUT, lets say you were unlucky & started at the TOP of the market cycle in Feb 2000 from where the 54% market correction started but stayed invested till Dec 2024, you would have invested 74.75 L over 299 months & today that would have become 6.70 cr at the actual market returns. (3/6)
What’s happening with Gold & what should you do? A quick 🧵
Gold has been going up because of these 4 reasons,
(1) US trade war (2) Central bank buying (3) Rupee Depreciation (4) Falling rates (1/n)
(1) US Trade War - There is policy uncertainty because of this. China, Mexico & Canada form close to 40% of America's trade partnership. Trade war leads to a risk off environment (people are scared to take risk in equity) + increase in inflation (as imports from China, Mexico & Canada becomes expensive). This led to Gold going up (2/n)
(2) Central Bank Buying - Post sanctions by US / G7 on Russia, central banks buying Gold & trying to reduce US dollar as reserves is increasing (De Dollarisation). Just the last Quarter, Central Banks bought 333 T of Gold (3/n)
Bond markets are expecting higher inflation with trump winning & hence the yields are going up, not a good sign for India equity. Let me explain (1/4)
(1) If Trump increases duty, it is inflationary as the imports will become costly & hence yields are going up
(2) If trump reduces corporate taxes, it means more stress on the government finances, more borrowings & hence higher yields (2/4)
While FED main continue to lower rates, the rate cut cycle will reduce in an inflationary situation. Remember FED can only impacts the shorter end of the curve with rate cuts. The longer end of the curve is market determined & hence the yields are up because markets feel inflation is coming back with Trump (3/4)
Continuing our Mutual Fund Education Series, here’s the 3rd thread; this will demystify the Hybrid Mutual Fund categories for you.
Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors to make the right investing decisions (1/9)
(Q1) What are Hybrid Funds?
Hybrid funds are funds, which invest in multiple asset classes like
- Equity
- Debt
- Gold
- Preference Shares
- REITs & InvITs
With an objective to reduce volatility (vs pure equity funds) & try an generate better risk adjusted returns (2/9)
(Q2) Types of Hybrid Funds?
- Conservative Hybrid Fund
- Balanced Hybrid Fund
- Aggressive Hybrid Fund
- Dynamic Asset Allocation (DAAF) or Balanced Advantage Fund (BAF)
- Multi Asset Allocation Fund
- Arbitrage Fund
- Equity Savings Fund (3/9)
Continuing our Mutual Fund series, this thread will focus on ‘Demystifying the Debt Mutual Fund Categories’
Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/10)
Debt Mutual Funds have 16 different categories & these categories are differentiated on 3 major parameters,
(1) Average Maturity (2) Mac Duration (3) Credit Risk (2/10)
What’s Average Maturity?
Average maturity is similar to your tenure in FD. If your FD has a 3-year tenure, you expect the FD to mature in 3 years. Similarly, if the average maturity of a debt fund is 3 years, it means that all the bonds in which the scheme has invested, their weighted average maturity is 3 years. Open ended mutual funds do not mature as such but Average Maturity gives you an idea that 3 years is atleast what you should have as a time horizon if you want to invest in this scheme with a 3 years of average maturity. (3/10)