(1) Perps have no maturity when issued. Theoretically they pay you interest till infinity. (1/n)
(2) Practically, these bonds have something called as a call option. so when the issuer (lets say, yes bank) wants to discontinue, it calls the bonds back, pays the par value (generally) and it will be closed. These call dates (when can you call back) are predefined. (2/n)
(3) Generally these call options are typically after 5 years
(4) There is no compulsion on the issuer (yes bank) to call back the bonds. Its the issuers choice. If interest rates in the market are lower than what perps offer and they have liquidity, they might call back. (3/n)
(5) Perps are unsecured and in an event of liquidation, they are only paid if there is any money left after paying depositors and other bond holders but before preference shares and equity. (3/n)
(6) It is also nt compulsory 4 the bank to pay the yearly coupon. If da bank made a loss 4 the FY n there r no free reserves to dip into, bank can decide nt 2 pay the interest n its nt a default. Also da interest that da bank dint pay last FY does nt get accumulated 4 da next FY.
(7) Because of all of the above, perps are generally rated 1-2 notches lower than the long term rating of the issuer and pays a higher coupon. (End)
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Continuing our Mutual Fund Education Series, here’s the 3rd thread; this will demystify the Hybrid Mutual Fund categories for you.
Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors to make the right investing decisions (1/9)
(Q1) What are Hybrid Funds?
Hybrid funds are funds, which invest in multiple asset classes like
- Equity
- Debt
- Gold
- Preference Shares
- REITs & InvITs
With an objective to reduce volatility (vs pure equity funds) & try an generate better risk adjusted returns (2/9)
(Q2) Types of Hybrid Funds?
- Conservative Hybrid Fund
- Balanced Hybrid Fund
- Aggressive Hybrid Fund
- Dynamic Asset Allocation (DAAF) or Balanced Advantage Fund (BAF)
- Multi Asset Allocation Fund
- Arbitrage Fund
- Equity Savings Fund (3/9)
Continuing our Mutual Fund series, this thread will focus on ‘Demystifying the Debt Mutual Fund Categories’
Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/10)
Debt Mutual Funds have 16 different categories & these categories are differentiated on 3 major parameters,
(1) Average Maturity (2) Mac Duration (3) Credit Risk (2/10)
What’s Average Maturity?
Average maturity is similar to your tenure in FD. If your FD has a 3-year tenure, you expect the FD to mature in 3 years. Similarly, if the average maturity of a debt fund is 3 years, it means that all the bonds in which the scheme has invested, their weighted average maturity is 3 years. Open ended mutual funds do not mature as such but Average Maturity gives you an idea that 3 years is atleast what you should have as a time horizon if you want to invest in this scheme with a 3 years of average maturity. (3/10)
"Should we invest or wait now that the markets are at an all time high?" - an investor asked.
I dint want to sound technical & hence told him about India's liquidity story. Do 're-tweet' this quick small 🧵, retail will benefit I think (1/8)
- I remember in the early days of my career, I was told markets fell ~60% during Lehman crises because FII's withdrew $2B
- Go back 10-15 years & FII's were a major reason markets moved in India
- Not any more
- Today FII's have only 16.5% holding in India, a decadal low (2/8)
The biggest reason market falls in India are shallow is the domestic money now,
- $2B is the monthly SIP book of the MF industry (remember Lehman?)
- Plus lumpsum investments in MF
- Plus Insurance & pension money
There are 1500+ schemes in mutual funds spread across multiple categories. To build the right portfolio, you need to understand the categories well. It’s less about the scheme & more about the category you choose in Mutual Funds.
This 🧵 is all about the Equity Category. Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/11)
As per SEBI guidelines, mutual fund schemes are classified as,
(1) Equity Schemes - Investing in Large, Mid & Small Cap Equities (2) Debt Schemes - Investing in Bonds (3) Hybrid Schemes - Investing in a mixture of Equity & Debt (4) Solution oriented Schemes - For retirement & Children planning (5) Other Schemes - Index Funds, ETF’s & Fund of Fund (2/11)
In this post, we will focus on Equity Schemes. In Mutual Funds there is a clear definition of what is called a large cap, mid cap & small cap.
- Large Cap Stocks are the top 100 stocks by market capitalization
- Mid Cap Stocks are stocks from 101 to 250 by market capitalization
- Small Cap Stocks are 251 & below in market capitalization (3/11)
RBI's new guidelines on Default Loss Guarantee (DLG) explained below in this 🧵
Do 're-tweet' :) (1/7)
If I want to take a loan, the cheapest always is the Bank & if I dont get it at the bank, I will approach an NBFCs.
Banks & NBFC's are good with Home Loans, Car Loans etc but the penetration of personal loans is not that large & is growing in demand (2/7)
Banks with all their network are still not able to create the reach that FinTech has been able too & hence if Banks / NBFC's partner with FinTech lenders, this is solvable.
- Banks will get the required reach
- FinTech will be able to lend at lower rates (14-17% vs 22-24%) (3/7)