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History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
@BiruniKhorasan
Apr 25, 2020 • 1 tweets • 1 min read • Read on X
Thread about religion in Central Asia/Khorasan/Eastern Iran in pre-Islamic and Islamic times.


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More from @BiruniKhorasan

History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
Jun 18, 2025
The most important lesson I draw from the Iranian debacle is that you let your entire political system and society to be run by a bunch of highly ideologized religious fanatic boomers who know nothing about life and the world.

It’s a recipe for disaster.
After 1979, Iran could have become a random Islamic state, with an Islamic society and moderately integrated in the global world. Instead of that they got one run by loud-mouth idiots. Decades hearing about war and nukes and it turns out these morons weren’t ready for neither.
As a Muslim, I am all in for political systems that operate within an Islamic paradigm. But Iran’s Vilayat-e Faqi was always a modernist travesty, stuck between Rwpublicanism and Shia Islamism. The outcome is a broken and humiliated society, at the mercy of its enemies.
Read 4 tweets
History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
Jul 3, 2023
In France the Yellow Vest rioted for several months. A month ago many French people rioted due to Macron rising the retirment age. No one went insane over them because there were not minority led riots. The European Garden is much more tribalist than people are willing to accept.
Which also leads to an important question: what stops Europe from serious civic/political unrest? Clearly not education, or "enlightened rationalism" but strong institutions and also economic stability (people have things to lose).

Remove those, and you will get Rwanda 2.0.
I think this also proves that if you want to have a stable state, there is nothing more important than economic development and strong neutral institutions. Without those you get disaster.
Read 4 tweets
History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
May 14, 2023
Apparently Bollywood is making a movie on the Ghorid invasion of India and this is the way Sultân Muhammad of Ghor is being portrayed. Image
I wonder where they found their inspiration from. He does not match neither the Islamic nor Hindu descriptions of Muhammad of Ghor. According to the Hindu text Prithviraja Vijaya Muhammad had a "ghastly white" complexion which made him appear to be suffering from a skin disease.
Apparently his extreme light skin made him look awful to Indians (Islamic-Persian sources claim Muhammad had brown skin though).

More here:

Read 4 tweets
History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
Apr 23, 2023
Backgammon is not just the best game in history but also the most meaningful one. Let me share some interesting facts on this amazing.

Thread.

There are 30 chips representing 30 days in a month. 24 positions representing 24 hours in a day. Image
The board is divided into 4 parts, each represents a season of the year. Every game consists of 5 rounds, each represents 5 parts of a day. Chips are two color: white and black representing day and night. Each side of the board has 12 blocks, which indicates 12 months of a year.
The Backgammon plate represents planet Earth. Each chip represents people and their circulation during the game people´s life. Picking each chip and the end of a round represents the ultimate stage of everything: Death.
Read 5 tweets
History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
May 3, 2022
Since its inception in 1919, Afghanistan has been an unstable country with highly dysfunctional systems.

Except in 2002 when Jamiat-e Islami handed over power to Hamid Karzai without violence, every single other Afghan ruler was either ousted or killed.

Short thread. Image
Amanullah Khan came to power in 1919 but was defeated and forced to flee by Habibullah Kalakani in 1929.

Habibullah Kalakani, one of the very few independent rulers in Afghanistan´s history, was betrayed and executed by Nadir Khan in 1929.

His reign lasted only 9 months. Image
Nadir Khan´s ruled from 1929 to 1933 when he was killed by a Hazara man named Abdul Khaliq.

Nadir was replaced by his son Zahir Shah who ruled until 1976. A long and irrelevant rule where nothing of importance was achieved. In 1976 Zahir was ousted by his cousin Daud Khan. ImageImage
Read 7 tweets
History of Khorâsân and the Persianate World Profile picture
Apr 12, 2022
My brother @Tajik_polymath sent me a lot of good stuff on AFG´s hidden cultural, historical and geographical jewels from the book "The Archeology of Afghanistan: From Earliest Times to the Timurid Period", R. Allchin and N. Hammond.

Going to share it on a regular basis.

Thread. Image
Valleys in Panjshir and the Wakhan Corridor in the Pamir Mountains. ImageImage
Abandoned cave-dwellings in the province of Ghor, western regions.

Note the human figure to understand the scale of this place. I ignore the exact date or story/history of this place but looks quite old. Image
Read 19 tweets

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