I fear my answer won't please anyone. But I hope it's worth articulating because it gets to some larger questions about how publications define themselves.
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There are two broad answers.
2) Opinions that must be taken seriously, either because they are novel and insightful *or* because the people who express them are sufficiently significant that we can't ignore them.
That why, though I disagree with a lot of its articles for all kinds of reasons, I love @TheAtlantic so much. Its basic values are mine: liberal democracy.
Within that tradition, it makes perfect sense to publish the views of an influential U.S. Senator, however loathsome.
A perfectly appropriate response to the Cotton op-ed is a kind of realization: If 2) commits us to publishing pieces like this one, perhaps we should switch to principle 1)?
But then you should also be outraged by those Putin and Le Pen and Taliban op-eds.
How do you specify the basic values that guide selection? How do you stop the circle of the acceptable from getting more and more narrow?
Those aren't easy questions to get right—and many places are getting them badly wrong.
A common argument against 1) is that it lends bad people credibility. When minor figures are elevated,
that's convincing.
But applied to people with real power, that's (sadly) delusional; neither Cotton nor Putin will go away because the NYT won't publish them.
And that's the end.)