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I want to clarify a point of history that is constantly stated incorrectly:
Juneteenth *June 1865* wasn't the end of slavery in US.

It continued another 6 months in *Union* slave states.

100,000 slaves were freed by ratification of the 13th Amendment in *December 1865*
It's also worth noting that Kentucky ratified the 13th Amendment in 1976, Delaware in 1901, and Mississippi... *sigh*, in 2013.

2013.
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c0nc0rdance
@c0nc0rdance
We should probably address a key distinction in research on SARS-CoV-2:
The METHOD used often changes the ANSWER we get.

METHODS:
viral RNA tests
viral antigen tests
infectious particle tests
host antibody tests
host clinical measures or biomarkers
The most sensitive test is a PCR based test for viral RNA. But not all viral RNA is going to be packaged in infectious viral particles.

It's also true that a single viral RNA may not result in successful infection of a patient. We might detect sub-infectious levels.
There is a test that only detects infectious viral particles (TCID50), but it's very low sensitivity and clunky to set up. We mostly use it to check assumptions.

So we have a too sensitive test and an insensitive test, and which one we use determines our answer in some cases.
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c0nc0rdance
@c0nc0rdance
I need to share history from my hometown, Longview, TX. Long thread.

The population of Longview in 1919 was 5,700, of which 1/3rd were black. Before the Texas oil boom, it was a historical cotton town where slavery shaped the economy. In 1919, it erupted in a race riot.
The incident starts with a (possible) love story. Two white men from Kilgore object to "indecent advances" on their sister by Longview black man Lemuel Walters. Some accounts say they found him in her bedroom.

A lynch mob of 10 white men abduct and kill Lemuel on June 17th.
The lynching is reported in July 5th 'Chicago Defender', an African-American newspaper, along with commentary suggesting the woman he was "making advances on" deeply loved him & was distraught by his death.

Whites felt this cast aspersions on honor of local white women.
Read 17 tweets
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c0nc0rdance
@c0nc0rdance
Let's talk about *window period* and how it makes everything in diagnostics complicated and difficult.

Window period is the time between infection and when a diagnostic test becomes useful.

This is not Star Trek: our tests aren't perfect or comprehensive.
Typical viral infection:
1. Virus enters your tissues.
2. Virus starts spreading beyond local point.
3. You develop a local immune reaction (swelling, redness)
4. Local immune reaction prompts systemic reaction (fever, aches)
5. Your immune reaction overwhelms virus.
1 is too early to detect anything unless we biopsy the target tissue and have a perfect test.
Your symptoms don't show until 4 (maybe 3).

Now we have to consider what we're testing for.
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