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Atomic Theory & Vaisheshika Sutra !

Maharishi Kanada (6th to 2nd century BC) not only gave laws of motion earlier than Newton (17 - 18th century CE) rather much more

Modern science credits Dalton for atomic theory (18 -19th century CE)

But Kanada is real profouder of it

.1/2
His ideas are also mentioned other texts also

Buddhist texts attributed to Aśvaghoṣa

His philosophy appears with alternate name "Aulukya philosophy" in Jainism

Greeks came into India only in 4th century B.C
it is possible that the Greeks borrowed atomic theory from him

.2/n
Kanad's Atomic Theory

Everything can be subdivided until smallest entity reached which is indivisible (Parmanu)

Atom is eternal (indestructible) & is basis of all creation

Atom had unique identity & properties belongs to its class of substance

invisible to naked eye

..3/n
Atoms can have two states absolute rest & motion

Atoms connect with each other to form molecules (anu) through a process which includes heat & other factors to produce dvyanuka (diatomic molecules) and tryanuka (triatomic molecules)

Greek philosopher Leucippus might have

..4/n
Picked the concept of Atomic theory from him further followed by Dalton
But Maharishi Kanad's atomic theory seems far more advanced

Atom is mentioned in Gita (Ch 8, Verse 9)

कविं पुराणमनुशासितार-मणोरणीयांसमनुस्मरेद्यः।
सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूप-मादित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात्‌ ।
5/n
Indian concept of the atom was developed independently and prior to the development of the idea in the Greco-Roman world

Indian ideas about atom are the oldest 🙏

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