The problem I think with the current approach to COVID19 is we are approaching it the wrong way round, from the wrong end of the telescope.
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COVID19 is a public health problem that requires a public health approach & solution. Trouble is, we often try to solve public health problems with healthcare solutions from a healthcare perspective.
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If you had cancer, it would be nice to have the best cancer diagnostics & treatments. But wouldn’t it be better not to have had cancer in the first place? What if we eliminated smoking & in doing so prevented thousands of cancers?
Similarly, COVID19 is a preventable disease.
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Our focus is often on the downstream effects & consequences rather than the upstream causes &drivers. This means we end up focusing most of our energies & resources on trying to manage healthcare demand.
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That was a focus early on in the pandemic, with concerns about hospital (and ICU) capacity to meet demand from COVID19 infections being a key priority. This might attenuate deaths.
But, no amount of ICU beds or Nightingale hospitals will stop a pandemic.
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The focus currently is on the debacle around testing capacity for test and trace. But this is still just secondary prevention. Infections have already occurred & many further transmissions may already have taken place by the time people are traced. So not the magic solution.
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There is no perfect test or test system that will detect ALL cases. So some will be missed, especially those that are asymptomatic, and it only takes a few cases to sustain an epidemic. So "managing" infection numbers alone doesn’t solve it.
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Having a testing system is useful, but what is vital is for infected individuals to self-isolate. This breaks the chain of infection. Tests help confirm cases, but it's possible to identify suspects syndromically(based on symptoms) without a test & institute control measures.
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We need more primary prevention: This all depends on changing behaviours. People complying with self isolation advice when symptomatic. People complying with face masks, handwashing, social distancing, etc… We need the support of the public if we are to beat this pandemic.
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The NHS has an abusive relationship with its workforce. Under the guise of "professionalism" & "vocation", many staff are expected to work long hours, often antisocial ones (nights/weekends/bank hols), & work over & above their contracted hours. Staff feel guilty if they don't...
...do the hours. You're shirking/slacking, letting down your patients/colleagues, it's unprofessional, etc.
We select them young (on the basis of them being caring, having a vocation), & indoctrinate them at medical/nursing school, perpetuating this abusive relationship...
The staff (especially medical) take on a lot of risk - anything goes wrong & it's on your head.
Yet they turn up to work with this illusory idea of vocation/professionalism & promise of public respect.
They may sacrifice marriages, family time, personal health/wellbeing, etc...
The NHS is under tremendous strain at the moment, & this is occurring across many sectors - primary care, ambulance services, acute hospital care, mental health & community care. The huge demand for care outstrips what the system can currently supply. 1/ hsj.co.uk/quality-and-pe…
This has consequences.
Longer waiting lists, reduced patient access, delayed investigations & treatments, all of which will impact on the experience of care as well as health outcomes.
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Some services have been for many years much worse off compared to others, usually community-based services & mental health services, or primary care until recently but not enough to offset years of under-resourcing.
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Operational public health considerations for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the context of Russia’s aggression towards Ukraine.
Informative @ECDC_EU guidance particularly relevant to refugee health issues 1/ ecdc.europa.eu/en/publication…
Ukrainian refugees may be at risk of certain infectious diseases.
Key ones to watch out for for kids are measles & polio, due to insufficient vaccine coverage (82% & 80% respectively).
Crowded bomb shelters & reception centres can facilitate spread. businessinsider.com/video-ukraine-…
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Ukraine was experiencing its largest COVID-19 epidemic wave just before the war. The precipitous drop you see in the figure below will probably be due to disruption of testing & reporting.
Vaccine coverage low ~35% across all age groups so an under-protected population. 3/
PROTECT is a prospective cohort study monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infections in participants aged 6 months–17 years in Arizona, Florida, Texas, & Utah. The kids were tested for SARS-CoV-2 weekly from July 2021–February 2022 & had various data collected monthly.
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Around half (51%) of all Omicron infections were asymptomatic compared with approximately one third (34%) of Delta infections.
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Self-isolation period for people infected with COVID in England will be reduced to 5 days from Monday 17 Jan. But it's conditional: 2 NEGATIVE tests on days 5 & 6, & no symptoms, & not in certain high risk situations e.g. working with vulnerable people 1/ gov.uk/government/new…
I understand the desire to reduce the isolation period to minimize the impact on the workforce, the economy, strained businesses/NHS & people's lives.
But, this is not a risk-free approach and I'm concerned...
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With a shorter isolation duration, you increase the chances of releasing someone who may still be infectious back into the community. This risk is ~1% at 14 days, 5% at 10 days or 7 days with 2 negative LFDs, or 10-30% at 6 days after symptom onset. 3/ ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2022/01/01/usi…
🇨🇭 preprint study comparing RNA & infectious viral load between pre-VOC strains & Delta VOC in unvaccinated patients as well as in vaccination breakthru' infections due to Delta and Omicron.
Useful study as virus culture may be a better proxy for infectiousness. 1/
Findings:
🔹Low correlation between RNA genome copies & infectious viral titres.
🔹No correlation between infectious viral load & age & sex of patients
🔹Unvaccinated patients infected with Delta have higher infectious viral load
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🔹Vaccinated patients had lower infectious viral load than unvaccinated patients.👉Vaccination makes you less infectious.
🔹At 5 days post symptom onset, detected infectious virus in 54% vaccinated & 85% of unvaccinated patients (so beware shortening isolation duration!) 3/