"A People's History of the Supreme Court" is by Peter Irons, who refused to serve in segregated military & was sent to jail. There, he read books by H. Zinn & wrote to him. On release, went to law school & involved with Ellsberg & Korematsu cases. More ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/materials/peop…
Here is a thread of some @Scotus cases of note from our #tdih series, beginning with horrific Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling in 1857. Learn more ⬇️and in "Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America" by @marthasjones_zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/dred…
After election related Colfax Massacre by white supremacists in 1873: SCOTUS ruled in U.S. v. Cruikshank in 1876 that 14th Amendment only applied to state actions and offered no protections against acts by individual citizens. #TeachReconstructionzinnedproject.org/news/tdih/colf…
In Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896, SCOTUS upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities. With the pretense of 'separate but equal." Justice John Marshall Harlan was the lone dissenter. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/ples…
In Lum v. Rice, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1927 that state’s rights and Plessy v. Ferguson applied to Asian American students. In the case of nine-year old Chinese-American Martha Lum, her exclusion on account of race from school was 'justified.' zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/case…
Illinois congressperson Arthur W. Mitchell was ordered to Jim Crow car in Ark. in 1937. Took case to @Scotus & won in 1941, but his political career in Chicago was over because of his having angered the white political establishment. #teachoutsidetextbookzinnedproject.org/news/tdih/mitc…
In 1944, SCOTUS ruled in Korematsu v. US that the denial of civil liberties based on race and national origin was legal.
Korematsu, a U.S. citizen, had refused to evacuate when President Roosevelt ordered the internment of Japanese-Americans during WWII.
On May 17, 1954, SCOTUS handed down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board. Decades of strategic planning and brave actions led to this historic ruling. Fight continues for implementation. Read below. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/brow…
In 1963, the ruling of Gideon v. Wainwright required states to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/gide…
In 1966, U.S. Supreme Court [officially] banned poll taxes for state and local elections, which had been a loophole in the 24th Amendment that had abolished poll taxes only for federal elections. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/harp…
In 2013, Shelby County v. Holder, SCOTUS invalidated a key provision of Voting Rights Act. Since then, new rules that cause voter suppression have proliferated across U.S. Students learn about this case & others in 3-lesson unit by @LadyOfSardines below. zinnedproject.org/materials/teac…
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#tdih 1969. Assassination of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark -- shot to death by police in their Chicago apartment. #terrorism
Read more ⬇️ and find lessons (free via ZEP) to teach about the Black Panther Party, COINTELPRO, and police. #TeachTruth 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/blac…
See “The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and the Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther,” an interview with lawyer Jeffery Haas (co-founder of the People’s Law Office) on @democracynow ⬇️ democracynow.org/2009/12/4/the_…
Teach about this history with lesson below by Ursula Wolfe-Rocca.
"Through examining FBI documents, students learn the scope of the FBI’s COINTELPRO campaign to spy on, infiltrate, discredit, and disrupt all corners of the Black Freedom Movement." zinnedproject.org/materials/coin…
Now read about #tdih 1951 protest by Black women in Sojourners for Truth & Justice. Their manifesto “A Call to Negro Women” listed grievances at racial terrorism, S. African apartheid, US militarism, colonialism.⬇️ 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/sojo…
"We can not, must not, and will no longer in sight of God or man sit by & watch our lives destroyed by an unreasonable & unreasoning hate that metes out to us every kind of death it is possible for a human being to die." -- Lorraine Hansberry, reading manifesto to crowd
Read a free online zine with essays about the significance of the Sojourners for Truth and Justice in the development of Black feminism and the legacy of Black women freedom fighters.
Two boys were murdered that same day in Birmingham: 16-yr-old Johnny Robinson & 13-yr-old Virgil Ware. 💔
"Let us also not labor under the illusion that this church bombing was an anomaly. During eight years prior. . ., there had been 21 bombings in Birmingham. " -- Angela Davis
". . . A broader way of thinking about justice in . . . Birmingham bombing would require, 1st of all, a fuller understanding of the event & its historical context . . ." Angela Davis via @democracynow
(Note how soon after Aug. 28 '63 March on Washington.) democracynow.org/2013/9/16/terr…
#tdih Sept. 11, we share a 🧵 of tragic anniversaries incl. at Attica Prison, 50th anniv. of U.S. backed coup in Chile, Myrna Mack murder in Guatemala, attacks on WTC & Pentagon, more. And "Whose 'Terrorism'?" lesson.
In their memory, let us teach & work for peace & justice.
#tdih 1851 Horrific Fugitive Slave Act met with resistance by armed African Americans in Christiana, Penn. who successfully defended four Black people from capture, serving as a catalyst for further armed self-defense within abolitionist movement. ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/chri…
#tdih 1971 Prisoners at Attica presented a manifesto consisting of 28 demands to NY State officials.
They were in midst of uprising (9/9 - 9/13) that ended in brutal repression.
#tdih Stono Rebellion (1739), Association for the Study of African American Life and History @ASALH founding (1915), Attica Prison Uprising (1971).
Read about each event in 🧵 ⬇️& consider the connection between all three.
Defend right to #TeachTruth #TeachOutsideTextbook
#tdih 1739 in British colony of SC, a man named Jemmy along with 20 more Africans organized a rebellion (one of many) against institution of slavery on banks of Stono River.
#tdih 1915 @ASALH founded by Carter G. Woodson & Jesse E. Moorland to promote, research, preserve, interpret, & disseminate information about Black life, history, & culture to global community.
"I shall neither fawn nor cringe before any party, nor stoop to beg them for my rights. You may expel us, gentlemen, but I firmly believe that you will some day repent it." -Henry M. Turner #tdih 1868 when Georgia denied elected Black reps their seats 🧵⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/henr…
"The Black man cannot protect a country, if the country doesn’t protect him; and if, tomorrow, a war should arise, I would not raise a musket to defend a country where my manhood is denied." -- Henry McNeal Turner
“It’s time for a new Reconstruction story [to] . . . better understand how we got here. A story where the central characters are the Black people who fought to liberate themselves. . . despite every attempt at violent suppression.” — @KidadaEWilliams ⬇️ teachreconstructionreport.org