Friends, I have been following the janko discussion and as a homerist with some interest in traditional and formulaic language, I just wanted to add my two cents. Sorry to butt in! But...you know...
I have not taken Janko’s methods or his results seriously for decades because (1) it is based on deeply problematic premises and (2) the dataset will never be sufficient
For (1) his method and model assumes (a) a static and (b) hierarchical relationship between texts that (c) does not entertain multiple performance traditions development different levels of fixity over time
In addition for (1) the approach considers conscious archaism but insufficiently considers the interrelationship between audiences and performers and expectations of conventionality over time
For (2) the data set is IMHO not (a) large enough or reflective enough of local traditions to give good results and is (b) tainted by regularizing editing forces in the (i) Panhellenizing, (ii) Hellenist, (iii) Byzantine periods...
So, I think Janko’s method and book is a fascinating testament to a period of approaching Homer statistically, but it says little to me about any real relationships between the poems
Even if the method were applied with more or less good data, it would still only give really relative relationships and would add very little interpretive value if we understand the story traditions as responding to each other over time.
3. The ancient audiences conceived of the heroic world as one big interconnected family, Dannaus, Aegyptus, Agenor etec knit Persians, Greeks, Egyptians, and Phoenicians into one family. Hektor and Memnon were cousins!
4. Skin color and other physical features in epic don't map onto modern concepts of race. These assumptions are truly anachronistic and have everything to do with our own preoccupations
One final thread on why the gender, race, appearance of actors in the #Odyssey shouldn’t matter, and, moreover, why appearances are more complicated in this epic than any other
Athena repeatedly makes him ugly and nobler again, so much so that there’s no sense of what he truly looks like: is he the pirate man in book 8, the withered beggar in book 16, the godlike man before Telemachus in book 16, or the cleaned up beau of Penelope in book 23?
Athena repeatedly makes him ugly and nobler again, so much so that there’s no sense of what he truly looks like: is he the pirate man in book 8, the withered beggar in book 16, the godlike man before Telemachus in book 16, or the cleaned up beau of Penelope in book 23?
sorry folks. Achilles and Odysseus are not role models, they are epic heroes. Each epic starts by specifying their destructiveness to their communities.
Iliad: Achilles's rage sends myriad Achaeans to their doom
Odyssey: Odysseus tried to bring his men home and failed
in fact, the entire heroic age--the events of the Theban and Trojan Wars--is aimed at ERADICATING THE RACE OF HEROES because they are too bellicose towards each other and irreverent towards the gods [see Hesiod's Works and Days and the fragmentary Cypria]
And this is not a modern reading. As early as the 6th century BCE, allegorical interpretations [i.e., those that assumed the epics contained secret or indirect meanings] were dominant alongside the understanding that the poems were complex and their protagonists flawed