3 types of product leaders:

1) The Operator

2) The Craftsperson

3) The Visionary

It is important for you as a startup founder or CEO, product manager, or a product leader to deeply understand these types, as you make decisions on whom to hire or whom to work for.

Thread👇🏾
First, why it is important that we understand these types:

- for startup founders: so you can hire the right type of product leader

- for PM leaders: for self-awareness & combating imposter syndrome

- for PMs: to pick right type of manager & plan your own leadership journey
~The Operator~

Excellent at: scaling teams, cross-org alignment, unblocking execution

Superpower: communication

Not excellent at: original product insight

Loves spending time with: peers & company execs

Early on: gets promoted on potential

Is often a PM talent magnet
~The Craftsperson~

Excellent at: defining products & strategy, mentoring PMs

Superpower: product insight

Not excellent at: dealing with large orgs & its taxes

Loves spending time with: team, users

Early on: gets promoted on talent

Makes singular product impact
~The Visionary~

Excellent at: big picture thinking, inventing what’s next

Superpower: seeing what others can’t

Not excellent at: people issues, scaling without help

Loves spending time with: other visionaries, users

Early on: can be “hard to manage”

Often founds a startup
Important note:

Most product leaders over time embody more than one type

But almost all retain a primary preference

You can think of these as hats rather than types, if you wish

i.e. a leader can change their hat, based on the situation

Still, understand the “preferred hat”
The one thing for founders/CEOs to note:

When you are looking to hire a CPO/VP Product, be very intentional about the type of product leader your company needs.
Most common founder mistakes I see👇🏾

Early on & for turnarounds:
Hiring an impressive Operator when you actually need a Craftsperson

When scaling the org fast (say >1000 people):
Hiring or keeping a Craftsperson or Visionary when you actually need an Operator now
The one thing for product leaders to note:

Adapt how you do your work based on an understanding of what type of product leader you are
If you’re an Operator, hire really strong Craftspersons & a Visionary or two.

It’s okay that you aren’t as great as them at the core product work.

Your singular value lies elsewhere.

Use this understanding to try and combat the imposter syndrome you often feel.
As a Craftsperson, know when it’s time to hand the reins over to an Operator.

Don’t view it as a failure.

It's a success that you were able to help bring the product & the team this far.

With discipline, you *can* be a good Operator, but be honest to yourself & your team.
If you’re a Visionary, you should be able to gain more Craftsperson skills fairly easily.

You’ll just need to be more patient with people and further develop your management skills.

Being an Operator will be harder, but you can hire great Operators to complement your skills.
The one thing for individual contributor (IC) PMs and product people to note:

Be intentional about the type of product leader to work with
Most common IC PM mistake I see:

Seeking to work for an Operator so you can be “more like them” & their great career trajectory.

You might get promoted in the short term, but many Operators can’t elevate your core product skills or teach you how to be charismatic like them.
To sum it all up:

Understand the 3 types well.

Think of them as “hats” if you wish.

Hire the right PM leader type based on your startup’s context. Watch for type mismatch as your company grows.

As a PM leader, be self-aware of your type preference & hire to complement.
Lastly, as a PM, ask your manager about their type so you can work better with them.

If your manager isn’t sure about their type, send them this thread🙂

I hope this helps save startups, PM leaders, and PMs common confusion & frequent frustrations.

All the best to you!
👍🏾❤️🙏🏾
If you liked this thread, consider additional resources👇🏾
A summary of PM leadership in 1 tweet, along with a number of additional resources on product leadership
A more general lens across roles: Experts & Naturals

(view these things as guides for better understanding the business world — not as rules, templates, or definitive models)
How-first / What-first / Why-first
This thread was about PM leaders.

Here are the 3 types of individual contributor Product Managers, as described by @sachinrekhi
A mega-thread on how to become a PM leader and some tips on what to do when you become one
The fundamental framework to make sense of organizational conduct:
Regardless of the three types/hats, product leaders need to embody these 2 things to be consistently successful:

#1 High Agency

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More from @shreyas

28 Mar
A B2B Product Management Story: on discovering problems that customers actually care about

Very visual story thread👇🏾 Image
Our story starts with a new product idea

PM diligently talks to customers about whether this product will solve their problems Image
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George Bernard Shaw said:

“The single biggest problem with communication is the illusion that it has taken place”

Possibly the most important communication lesson, ever.
This lesson also can also teach us why the art of good listening is so vital for communication

Listening is the only aspect of communication that is fully in our control

So if we want to ensure that communication actually takes place, listening is a great place for us to start
A thread with examples of good/bad listening and ideas for learning the art of listening:
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Why don’t we talk to customers enough?

It could be for one of many reasons.

But the root cause is worry.

Short thread on these worries
(and what to do about them)
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We already have a product idea we love.

We worry it will get invalidated.
We already have a concrete project plan.

We worry it will get disrupted.
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There are 3 levels to product work

(1) The Execution level

(2) The Impact level

(3) The Optics level

When an individual & their team are fixated on different levels, often there is conflict.

E.g.
PM is fixated on (2), Team on (1)
PM on (3), Team on (2)
PM on (2), Team on (3)
An example I see often:

PM fixated on Execution

Has to make compromises
(justified, execution is hard)

Is proud of upcoming launch
("I executed against major odds")

VP/CEO reviews it
(& is fixated on Impact)

Tells PM product not good enough

Launch is a no-go
(PM frustrated)
Okay, so what to do here?

The main bug here isn't that people are paying attention to different levels.

On a healthy team, you do need to balance attention at each level: a lot on Execution, quite a lot on Impact, and adequate attention on Optics too.
Read 8 tweets
7 Mar
Compact definitions of important stuff:

Joy = Pleasure in the present moment

Happiness = Reality meets expectations

Success = Time optionality

Presence = Immersed observation

Tranquility = Lack of resistance

Wisdom = Discerning what truly matters
It took me 10 years of introspection & study to understand the essence of this stuff. I still struggle with each of these, but the struggle with Tranquility is the greatest.

A few related references 👇🏾
Read 9 tweets
3 Mar
3 quick tips for product discovery:
1/ Ambiguity

You have to be willing to swim in the seas of ambiguity before you can reach the wonderful sunny island of product clarity.

The urge to eliminate ambiguity is often useful, but it allows a number of cognitive biases to cloud your judgment early on in discovery.
2/ Progress

If you optimize for *showing* daily progress during discovery, be prepared for *slowing* actual progress towards discovery.

When you optimize for showing progress over discovery itself, you are forced to convey structure, clarity, certainty that is nonexistent.
Read 4 tweets

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