Last weekend I did make North London nettle and wild garlic soup and took pictures ... start with a robust bag and robust rubber gloves
You can only pick Nettles for eating in the spring. Pick the tops (fearsomely growing). Nettles are found in sunny places. Wild garlic you need to look for more shady woodland
You should aim for at least half a big bags worth and the other ingredients are onions, potatoes, white wine and chicken stock
On return home chop onions roughly and put into a big wide stew pot (think big) with oil. Fry gently until caramelised whilst you wash the leaves
If you have hungry teenager at this point also get American style blueberry pancake mixture from @barleybirney from fridge and put on some emergency blueberry pancakes
Now wash thoroughly nettles and garlic using scissors to roughly cut them. Reserve some best looking top buds for garnish. Discard the inevitable wrong leaf by rooting through with the rubber gloves on. Serve emergency pancakes
Add chopped potatoes to caramelised onions (the onions always take at twice as long as you think)
Once potatoe slices also coloured add nettles and garlic. Will be massive at the start but will wilt quickly
Once wilted add wine and then stock
Pepper and salt to taste. High pepper is fine. Low simmer for at least 30 mins
Now blend. Opinions vary on how smooth - the Birney family doesn’t like it too blended. Simmer at least another 30 mins.
Finish by frying the garnish leaves in olive oil (it will spit - no way to stop it spitting)
Sadly and stupidly I don’t have the finished product but eat with bread and perhaps yogurt. The nettles will have a slightly warm mouth/throat feel but won’t be stingy. Amazingly my kids enjoy this soup!
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
So @JeremyFarrar asked for an "explainer thread" on Noble Prizes in Chemistry around AlphaFold and Protein design, so here goes.
First off, this is an old problem. It starts with observations in the 1950s/1960s, leading to a Noble Prize in 1972 to Anfinsen, Moore and Stein where in particular Anfinsen convincingly shows that the particular sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its 3D structure
Just to visualise this; think of amino acid chain as different sorts of beads on a string. The beads come in 20 types - some type like to stick to other types; some types like to be hidden away from water; some are small and some are large. A protein is somewhere around 50 beads
Great to see this paper out by @D_Westergaard and colleagues - including myself - leveraging the just jaw-droppingly good combination of the Danish pedigree data (across the entire country!) and their highly detailed EHR. nature.com/articles/s4146…
This is pedigree based genetics - the correlation of phenotypes (in this case diagnoses of diseases) - as was done in the 1910s - formalised by RA Fischer and S. Wright from ideas at the turn of the 20th Cent.
This concept of the correlation of phenotype to pedigree predates the identification of DNA as molecular mechanism for inheritance - this is old school genetics updated in the modern age.
One of the more depressing things re-engaging on social media is the undercurrent of pseudo-scientific racism which continues to pop up with exciting data rich plots, often lots of maths and just lots of class A bullshit justifying tired anti-woke (but just ol' fashioned racist)
I'm not going to amplify the crappy threads/blogs/messages forwarded to me, but I do want to arm my followers with the most cogent arguments against this if this does come up in conversation around you.
First off, humans are a super-young species - we exploded out of Africa very quickly and although lots of the details we still don't know (and the science changes quickly) it's pretty clear we adapted to the changing environment main by behaviour
A reminder ( it’s an evergreen topic) - humans are a genetically undiverse species - we exploded out Africa in a heartbeat of evolutionary time and we predominantly adapted to the multitude of environments by our behaviour, passing that knowledge down culturally in groups
Although there are genetic adaptations to some environments- eg lack of sunlight (fair skin), regular milk consumption (lactase persistence) or reduced sweat for humid environments (less sweat pores and thicker hair) these have two features
Firstly these adaptions are sparse in the context of the genome - its small regions which do this
A short, personal thread on what is odd about other cultures when interacting with Brits, and then also what I think is odd about Brits when interacting with other cultures - highly, highly personal, but from >30 years working internationally.
German+Dutch do not have to preface a challenge with "I think you might have missed something..." or some other British-style softening up. It is entirely fine - indeed polite/shows respect - just come out "you are wrong because X,Y" - this directness is surprising for a Brit.
Northern (Protestant/river/Prussian) Germans are very different from Southern (Catholic, Mountain+Forest) Germans. Don't confuse them. External stereotypes of Germans (in particular in Britain) is a weird mixture of both and you have to untangle this.
The publication of the whole genomes from the US @AllofUsResearch cohort is great to see, but the choice of how to represent an overview of the genetic relationships has (rightly) drawn controversy, in particular how the concepts of ethnicity and race are mapped to it.
This is not in bad faith - the AllofUs cohort should be applauded in its diversity push and much of the but it is an illustration of the messiness of genetics and the inability to represent our complex relationships in any 2D space. Longer thread below>>
A reminder that genetics (the variation in DNA sequence passed down from your parents, +their parents etc) and race or ethnicity (a box people tick on surveys or on census) are quite different concepts, strongly linked only by visible features which are genetic, eg, skin colour