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Marina Amaral Profile picture
@marinamaral2
May 8, 2021 • 5 tweets • 3 min read • Read on X
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#OnThisDay in 1886, pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.
In April 1865, Dr. Pemberton sustained a saber wound to the chest during the Battle of Columbus. He soon became addicted to the morphine used to ease his pain. In 1866, seeking a cure for his addiction, he began to experiment with painkillers...
... that would serve as morphine-free alternatives to morphine.

After a few attempts, he began experimenting with coca and coca wines, eventually creating a recipe that contained extracts of kola nut and damiana, which he called Pemberton's French Wine Coca.
With public concern about drug addiction, depression, and alcoholism among war veterans, and "neurasthenia" among "highly-strung" Southern women, Pemberton's "medicine" was advertised as...
... particularly beneficial for "ladies, and all those whose sedentary employment causes nervous prostration".
t.ly/OpK3

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More from @marinamaral2

Marina Amaral Profile picture
Apr 10, 2023
The women guards of Nazi concentration camps: the faces of evil.

📷 Helene Kopper (left), sentenced to 15 years imprisonment; Juana Bormann (right), sentenced to death.

🧵 ImageImage
Herta Ehlert, a former bakery saleswoman, began her criminal career in November 1939, when she became a Nazi guard at Ravensbrück. She went on to work in other camps too, including Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen.

She was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment, and died aged 92. Image
Ilse Forster received a 10-year prison sentence for her role as a guard at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. Image
Read 7 tweets
Marina Amaral Profile picture
Mar 27, 2023
Did you know that students with conditions like autism, ADHD, or dyslexia have unique learning needs?

It's #AutismAcceptanceWeek, and I would like to share some tips on how educators can support neurodivergent students in the classroom.

🧵 Follow the thread.
1) A safe and inclusive learning environment is crucial for neurodivergent students. This can mean providing clear expectations, minimizing distractions, and offering accommodations such as extra time or preferential seating.
2) It's important to remember that all students learn differently, not just the neurodivergent. So, it's essential for educators to use a variety of teaching strategies and materials. Making this a normal part of education can benefit all students, regardless of neurodiversity.
Read 11 tweets
Marina Amaral Profile picture
Mar 26, 2023
Did you know that in 1962, a mysterious epidemic of uncontrollable laughter broke out in Tanganyika (now Tanzania)?

It became known as the "Laughter Epidemic of Tanganyika" and it's one of the strangest events in medical history.

🧵 Image
The laughter epidemic started in a girls' school and spread rapidly, affecting over 1,000 people in the area. The symptoms included laughing fits, crying, and even fainting. The epidemic lasted for several months and disrupted daily life in the affected areas.
The cause is still unknown, but there are a few theories. Some believe it was caused by 'mass hysteria' or a psychological disorder, while others think it may have been caused by a viral or bacterial infection.

However, no definitive explanation has been found.
Read 6 tweets
Marina Amaral Profile picture
Mar 25, 2023
March 25 marks the anniversary of the tragic Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, which killed 146 garment workers, mostly young immigrant women, in 1911.

This disaster remains one of the deadliest workplace accidents in U.S. history.

🧵 Image
The fire broke out on the eighth floor of the factory and quickly spread due to the flammable materials and locked exit doors. Many workers were unable to escape and were trapped inside the burning building. Image
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire brought to light the unsafe and inhumane working conditions of many garment factories in New York City. It sparked a movement for workers' rights and led to significant changes in workplace safety regulations. Image
Read 4 tweets
Marina Amaral Profile picture
Mar 13, 2023
On this day in history, March 13, 1925, the Tennessee General Assembly approved a bill prohibiting the teaching of evolution in public schools.

(🧵)
This bill, also known as the Butler Act, made it illegal for public school teachers in Tennessee to teach any theory that denied the biblical account of man's creation.
This law would eventually lead to the famous Scopes Monkey Trial, where a high school teacher named John Scopes was charged with violating the Butler Act by teaching evolution.
Read 4 tweets
Marina Amaral Profile picture
Mar 10, 2023
In the late 19th century, cocaine was a popular treatment for a variety of medical conditions. It was believed to be a powerful painkiller and was even used as an anesthetic during surgeries.

The famous Sigmund Freud was a proponent of cocaine and used it himself.

(🧵) Image
Patients who received cocaine as a treatment often became addicted to the drug, which could cause a wide range of physical and psychological problems.
In addition to cocaine, doctors in the past also used some other bizarre substances in their medical treatments. For example, leeches were a common treatment for various ailments, as they were believed to draw out "bad blood" from the body.
Read 4 tweets

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