Katie Mummah Profile picture
Jun 14, 2021 20 tweets 6 min read Read on X
This is a lot of words with very little explanation of the actual situation...

@CherylRofer, you're cited in this, do you have any more detail? The article just says that "fission gas" was detected, which isn't really that much info
cnn.com/2021/06/14/pol…
The detection of fission products (gases) in the primary loop is indicative of failed fuel, which means that at least one fuel rod has a hole in it. But that alone is not enough to raise concern levels, as many reactors in the US have failed fuel before
As an aside, I spent my very first nuclear internship cataloging and sorting failed fuel events into an internal database. There are a lot of them, and generally they present no hazard to reactor operation nor the public
Taishan is a brand new reactor though, so it may just be that they want to fully understand the situation, because failing fuel early in a reactor's life could be indicative of a bad batch of fuel, containment in the primary coolant, or something else that needs correcting
For example, there's a reactor in the US that failed several dozen bundles of its first core in the first few weeks of operation (this is decades ago, when reactors were coming online). Turns out, the fuel wasn't properly backfilled, and getting new fuel fixed the problem
The main Q I have: is it *just* failed fuel? If so, the technical advice sought & provided is routine, nothing to write home about. But extra gases floating around coolant could also end up identifying if the reactor has any leaks, for example in the reactor vessel head
In that case, the failed fuel wouldn't be the actual problem, just a way to identify a much bigger problem. But I don't think we know, I'm just speculating! Or at least it's not being reported in enough detail for me to tell so far
I'm going to tag in @pretentiouswhat and @gbrumfiel's threads since they seem to be the other main ones floating around and they're starting to get tagged multiple times onto mine (and perhaps vice versa?)
Absolutely key update from @pretentiouswhat, so much so that I'm going to append each of his tweets onto this thread. As many of us suspected, this whole affair resulted from a twisted game of telephone where critical facts got distorted
This was a poor showing from crisis communicators, and I hope the rest of the global nuclear industry learns from this incident. You always need to get out front of a story, not just with a statement two days later when rumors are rampant online/in media
I reached out to Framatome yesterday, specifically asking for any information available beyond their *THREE SENTENCE* press release. They sent me an email with practically the same language but just reworded, which is almost worse than not responding
framatome.com/EN/businessnew… Email from G-Press_Framatom...
I expect none of the relevant parties deemed a speedy crisis response necessary, because the incident is practically a non-event from a safety perspective. But public perception was on high alert, showing that comms needs to respond to perception and clear up misinfo
This is a repeating event in the nuclear industry. When an event is truly non-safety related, the industry doesn't think they need to respond. But the media and the public panic even more when there is no forceful, honest, and timely response clarifying the situation
The end result is that small and boring events from an engineering perspective can and have lead to large, and in this case global, panics from the media, and on social media where information travels in a split second

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More from @nuclearkatie

Jan 26
Turning waste material into power! Let's talk about a good news story in the nuclear industry! Today @zeno_power announced they are going to re-use material from the largest Strontium-90 heat source ever built, which has been sitting in storage for DECADES Sketch of the BUP-500 strontium-90 heat source in storage container. Image credit Teledyne Energy Systems (1987)
First, we have to talk about radioisotope power systems, sometimes called radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs). This technology is a little different than a nuclear reactor, but they both harness the energy stored in unstable atoms.
Nuclear reactors use nuclear fission, which is the breaking apart of atoms by free neutrons, to release energy. Only a few select elements (and specific isotopes) can be used to sustain a nuclear fission chain reaction-- you've probably heard of uranium(-235) and plutonium(-239)
Read 18 tweets
Apr 9, 2022
The words "Cobalt-60" alone doesn't inherently mean extremely highly radioactive. I've held Co-60 sources dozens of times. I've used them in public outreach events! The activity level is key. You need to know the activity to know how dangerous it is
In addition to some info about activity level, you also have to know the amount of time a source was handled, along with any shielding, to know what the risk is
"Off the charts" actually isn't very useful! Depending on the detector and the settings it was on (we don't know), "off the charts" could still be pretty unexciting, especially if handled only briefly. Or it could be life-endangering! But there is not enough info to say
Read 6 tweets
Dec 16, 2021
Canada did not supply plutonium during the war. Their first reactor didn't go critical until after the war ended. They did however contribute research, and polonium.

Good paper summary (one author is current lab director of Los Alamos)
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.10…
This tweet is also confusing facts. CP-1 was the first nuclear reactor, in Chicago. ZEEP was Canada's first reactor, in Chalk River. It was not the 2nd reactor in the world, the US created multiple reactors during the war, before CA (X-10, B reactor, etc)
Read 6 tweets
Jun 22, 2021
Something is not misogyny just because it involves a man's actions towards a woman. When you tweet that female academics must ~dress modesty for their own good~ and get called out by older male academics, that's not misogyny, and they shouldn't have to "defend you on principle"
Just cuz you're a woman doesn't mean any criticism of your beliefs or actions is misogyny. Nor can your feelings about being criticized for an opinion on how women should dress be reasonably generalized to "this is why women can't thrive in science"
Did people get a little jumpy and dig deep to make sure there wasn't anything weird going on? Yeah, and I bet it's because science twitter has recently dealt with a spat of fake or misleading accounts that make many of us less trusting of everyone On Here
Read 6 tweets
Feb 18, 2021
5.3 KILOMETERS PER SECOND
#CountdownToMars
Down to 1 km per second! Bonkers deceleration!
550 m/s...
Read 4 tweets
Feb 18, 2021
As we near closer to the touchdown of the #Mars2020 rover Perseverance, I want to note the key role that nuclear science plays here: Perseverance is powered by the radioactive decay of plutonium-238
The power source of Perseverance is not a nuclear reactor, and in fact Pu-238 isn't be a good choice for nuclear reactors because it doesn't readily fission. But its rate of radioactive decay is great for space exploration: it takes 87.7 yrs for half of the material to decay
#Mars2020 is powered by a Pu-238 radioisotope thermoelectric generator. The 87.7 year half life of Pu-238 means that RTG's can operate for a long time, for example Voyager 1, launched in 1977, is still sending signals back from its RTG. What % of the Pu mass at launch remains?
Read 6 tweets

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