Anne Neville was born in 1456 to Richard Neville and Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick. Richard Neville's aunt, Cecily Neville, was married to Richard of York, who was earlier the Lord Protector of England. 1/10
England was edging towards a civil war when Anne was born. King Henry VI was not seen fit for rule and his opponents rallied around the King's nearest adult male relative, Richard of York, dividing England into Lancastrian (Ruling) and Yorkist camps. 2/10
Richard Neville, who was also King Henry's second cousin, sided with York. He was also one of the wealthiest nobles in the Kingdom. In addition to Warwick which he ruled jure uxoris, he inherited Salisbury from his mother in 1462. 3/10
In 1459, the senior Richard Neville led the Yorkists to victory at Blore Heath. As the battles grew in numbers, the Lancastrians dealt a terrible blow at Wakefield. Richard of York was killed and the senior Neville was executed. York also lost a son and Warwick a brother. 4/10
But Richard's son, Edward, won at Towton forcing King Henry and his family to flee. Edward became King and his elder cousin, Warwick, his chief advisor. But by 1469, the relations between King Edward and Earl Warwick had broken down. 5/10
Edward had married Elizabeth Wydeville, a widow in 1464. A non political alliance, unorthodox for a King. Warwick, feeling sidelined in the rule, opened negotiations with ex Queen Marguerite. An alliance was formed and Anne Neville married Edward, the former Prince of Wales. 6/10
Warwick brought his daughter's father-in-law back to power in 1470. Edward fled for France, but returned in 1471. Warwick was killed at Barnet and Edward, Prince of Wales, at Tewksebury. King Edward was back on the throne. 7/10
Anne's elder sister, Isabel, was married to Edward's younger brother, George. Newly widowed, Anne married Richard, youngest son of Richard of York, in 1472. George died in 1478 and Isabel in 1476. King Edward died in 1483 and was succeeded by his son, Edward. 8/10
Richard had led the English force against Scotland and gained Berwick in 1483. As Edward was still young, Richard was designated as Lord Protector. But a power play by the Wydevilles fell flat and Richard usurped his nephew and seized the throne. 9/10
Queen Anne died in 1485. Her only child had predeceased her. The marriage of King Edward IV and Elizabeth Wydeville was declared invalid, because of a prior betrothal. King Edward V and his brother were imprisoned and went missing. 10/10
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Murad was born in 1404 to Mehmed. Mehmed was the son of Bayezid, the Ottoman Sultan who was captured by Timur in 1402. This led to a period of anarchy in the Sultanate. By 1413, Mehmed had managed to defeat his brothers and take over as Sultan of the entire Sultanate. 1/10
The Ottoman had Sultanate emerged in late 13th century after the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm was defeated by the Mongols. Many beyliks rose up in the Anatolian peninsula, one among which was ruled by the ancestors of Bayezid, Mehmed and Murad. 2/10
Rastislav was born in early 9th century. His father may have been Wistrach and his uncle Mojmír, the Duke of Moravia. Little is known about Rastislav's youth, until 846 when Franks invaded Moravia and installed Rastislav as the Duke of Moravia. 1/10
Moravia emerged as a semi independent state in Central Europe not long after the Franks had defeated the Avars in late 8th century. Moravia was not the first power in the region though. The Slavic states of Samo and of Nitra had lasted briefly during various times as well. 2/10
Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born in 1815 to Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Luise Mencken. Hailing from Schönhausen, the Bismarcks were a prominent noble family of the Kingdom of Prussia, with connections in Pomerania. 1/10
Prussia became a kingdom in 1701, but its major part was Brandenburg in the centuries old Holy Roman Empire. Invasion by the French in early 19th century led to the dissolution of this empire, with many of its regions joining Napoleon backed Confederation of the Rhine. 2/10
Camillo Benso was born in 1810 to Michele Benso, Marquis of Cavour, and Adélaïde Suzanne de Sellon. The Bensos were prominent nobility of Savoy. Camillo also had a distinguishing French connection thanks to his mother and his godmother Pauline, sister of Emperor Napoleon. 1/10
The early 18th century saw the French under Napoleon occupy Savoy. But the Bensos managed to see through it in a favourable manner eventually. Young Camilo's career prospects improved with his appointment as page to Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano in 1824. 2/10
Iaroslav Vladimirovich was born around 980 to Vladimir Sviatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev, and Rogned of Polotsk. Vladimir was initially supposed to rule only in Novgorod, but he had taken Kiev and Dereva from his brothers by 980. 1/10
Iaroslav was given an early charge of Rostov and, later, of Novgorod by 1010. But he sought Kiev and rebelled against his father, when he saw that one of his many brothers may be given Kiev. However, Vladimir died in 1015 and his domain got divided between his sons. 2/10
Birger Magnusson was born around 1210 to Magnus "Minnesköld" Bengtsson and Ingrid Ilva. Magnus was the grandson of the powerful Scandinavian noble, Folke, while Ingrid may have been a descendant of Sverker, King of Sweden in mid 12th century. 1/10
The kingdom of Sweden claimed land on the western and eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea in the 13th century. However, the crown itself was held between two dynasties since Sverker's death in 1156; by Sverker's family and that of Erik who became king after Sverker. 2/10