53 years ago, Jun 28 1968, activists marched through Berkeley in solidarity with the recent "May '68" revolt of French students and workers. Police attacked the march, leading to six days of demonstrations and riots in the South Campus area
The march was organized by the Young Socialist Alliance, the youth wing of the Socialist Workers Party, and supported by the Peace & Freedom Party, the Tricontinental Student Association, the Independent Socialist Club, and others. Huey Newton sent a letter of support from prison
While organizers, led by YSA's Peter Camejo, attempted to keep marchers law-abiding and on the sidewalk, students soon took the unpermitted march into the street. Police quickly declared an unlawful assembly, and attacked with teargas and clubs
For the next 5 nights, demonstrators defied an 8pm curfew. Although protests were organized by formal groups, the most active contingent in the clashes were Telegraph Ave's "street people," informal radical affinity groups loosely termed "the Berkeley Commune"
Pressure by students led the city to permit a political rally on Telegraph on July 4th, which passed largely without incident, although growing rifts between "politicos" and "street people" were exposed when a nude anarchist disrupted a speech by Camejo
The rioting began only one night after police shut down 2 days of riots in Richmond, which were sparked by the police killing of Charles Mims, a Black 15-year-old. While the two struggles were not directly connected, the Black Panther Party was a visible presence in both
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16 years ago, January 1 2009, BART police officer Johannes Mehserle murdered Oscar Grant III at Oakland's Fruitvale Station. Outrage over the killing and Mehserle's lenient sentence sparked the 2009 anti-police terror movement, a precursor to Occupy and Black Lives Matter
After celebrating New Year's Eve in San Francisco, Grant had been heading home to Hayward on BART. Around 2AM, a fight broke out on the train, and police were called. When they arrived, the fight had already been broken up by other passengers
Unsure who had been involved in the fight, police began violently pulling out passengers they suspected may have been, including Grant. Officer Anthony Pirone, who later lied that Grant had attacked him, punched Grant in the face, kneed him in the head, and called him the n-word
45 years ago, May 21 1979, over a dozen cop cars burned as thousands marched and rioted in San Francisco after word broke that Dan White received the most lenient verdict for murdering George Moscone and Harvey Milk. The evening would become known as the White Night riots
Once the verdict was announced several hundred gathered in the Castro to chants of "No justice, no peace" and "Out of the bars, into the streets." After a moving speech from Cleve Jones, friend and student intern of Milk, a march and candlelight vigil was led to city hall
By the time the march reached city hall, thousands had joined the crowd and new chants emerged: "Kill Dan White" and "Dump Diane." As cops arrived to city hall, many of whom had contributed to White's defense fund, the crowd began smashing windows of the hall and battling cops
56 years ago, April 18 1968, marked the end of a 3-day insurrection at the El Pueblo housing project in Pittsburg. After police arrested several Black men for shooting dice, a crowd attacked them with rocks and bottles. When reinforcements arrived, they were met with sniper fire
For those three days, police from Pittsburg, Concord, Antioch, and Martinez battled with snipers who fired from at least five directions. Six cops were wounded; only one rioter was. No one on either side was killed
Pittsburg schools were closed during the insurrection, which came 13 days after those same schools saw riots following the murder of Martin Luther King, Jr.
105 years ago, March 18 1919, a bomb exploded at the Oakland home of banker George Greenwood, killing his wife. Within days, Russian-born IWW member Pavel Melnikov was arrested for the murder on scant evidence. He was deported without trial in December 1919 as a "dangerous alien"
Melnikov, who had participated in revolutionary groups in Russia, New Jersey, and Seattle, was arrested at the IWW's Jack London Memorial Library in Oakland, and accused of plotting the murders of local capitalists as a member of an alleged IWW secret society, the Cat's Claw Club
At the request of the federal government (who claimed Melnikov was an expert bomb maker simply because he had studied chemistry) he and his alleged co-conspirator, IWW member Basil Saffores, were immediately handed over to immigration authorities
54 years ago, March 13 1970, members of the Berkeley Tenants Union, along with members of People’s Architecture and the Berkeley Food Conspiracy, published “And But For the Sky There Are No Fences Facing” in underground newspaper the Berkeley Tribe
The essay, also known as “Blueprint for a Communal Society," was published in the early weeks of BTU’s massive 1970 Berkeley-wide rent strike. A manifesto of sorts, it analyzes housing in Berkeley from a radical social and ecological perspective
It calls for a number of dramatic changes to the social organization of space in order to “encourage communalism and break down privatization,” such as removing fences, turning backyards & streets into huge communal gardens, and building community "lifehouses”
56 years ago, March 9 1968, the Peace and Freedom Movement inaugurated the “Freedom Festival Week” with a parade of ten thousand people marching from the Peace and Freedom Party HQ at 55 Colton St, weaving through the Haight, out to the Polo Grounds of Golden Gate Park
The march was led by the San Francisco Mime Troupe’s rag-tag Gorilla Band, a 27 member radical musical crew that included flag-bearing majorettes, a chorus, a brass section and a man who hummed through a comb. A goal of the march was to bring collective arts into the streets
After reaching the Polo Grounds, a massive party began featuring speeches from Kathleen Cleaver and several other Peace & Freedom Party representatives, and musical performances by Allmen Joy, Celestial Hysteria, Creedence Clearwater Revival, the Santana Blues Band and others