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Kirsti Mill Profile picture
@KirstiMiller30
Jul 3, 2021 • 12 tweets • 6 min read • Read on X
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There is no relationship between unaltered endogenous testosterone and sport performance. None.

I know. Surprising, right? Image
Also, there's complete overlap of testosterone values for cis males and cis females. Image
In statistics, 'complete overlap' means, in this case, that the BOTTOM of the male range is the same as the BOTTOM of the female range (near 0), but the TOP of the female range doesn't quite extend to the TOP of the male range.
biomedware.com/files/document… Image
And guess what!

Low testosterone elite men are statistically OVERrepresented in elite male sport.

0.5% of ELITE male athletes were naturally below the average for cis female athletes.

& 25% of ELITE cis male athletes are below the current 10nmol/L cutoff for female athletes.
Wait!

This means that for ANY TESTOSTERONE POLICY you pick to exclude 'men' from women's sport WILL. NOT. WORK.

There will always be some elite cis males naturally below that level.
SCIENCE!!

In fact, there is no clear biological list of features that allow us to even remotely cleanly separate men from women.

Chromosomes? NOPE

Testosterone? NOPE

Height? NOPE ImageImage
Look at height! Also complete overlap. In fact, in the sample of elite athletes, the shortest athlete was a man!

This kind of complete overlap between genders is true for any and ALL physiometric characteristics you can pick. ImageImageImage
I hope you can see a clear pattern emerging.

First, there's complete overlap for every feature.

Second, the RANGE within a single sex is much much wider than the AVERAGE DIFFERENCE between sexes. Like, a LOT wider. ImageImageImage
So the difference between the shortest and the tallest woman will be in the area of FEET, but the average differences between men and women are measured by INCHES.

This is true for all physiometric characteristics. ImageImageImage
Assessing any group of athletes as a monolithic group especially amongst trans athletes is flawed. Trans is an umbrella term many different body types & stages of transition. Blanket inclusion or exclusion does not work.
Trans & Intersex athletes advantage ~ Myth 101.

They have a man's body, their bone structure and bone density gives them an unfair advantage.



Despite the many assumptions about the relationship between testosterone and athletic advantage, there is no evidence showing that successful athletes have higher testosterone levels than less successful athletes.

ImageImageImage

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More from @KirstiMiller30

Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Apr 11
A study of all the teenagers referred to Western 🇦🇺’s Gender Diversity Service, found that of the 548 teenagers referred to GDS only 29 5.3% detransitioned or came to re-identify with the gender they were assigned at birth.
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamap…
Out of these 29 patients, 27 did so very early in the assessment process.

Furthermore, of the 163 patients prescribed puberty blockers, only 2 patients (1.2 per cent) of those who initiated puberty suppression later re-identified with the gender they were assigned at birth.
The majority of trans teenagers prescribed puberty blockers do not de-transition & would be left in a position where they would likely want to have expensive & invasive surgery or lengthy & hair removal in order to live without persistent painful experiences of gender dysphoria
Read 13 tweets
Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Aug 3, 2024
Does having a Y chromosome make someone a man?

A lot of unintended harm happens when people assume a Y chromosome makes a person a boy or a man and the lack of a Y chromosome makes a person a girl or a woman. Image
It is true that in typical male development, the SRY gene on the tip of the Y chromosome helps to send the embryo down the masculine pathway.
But more than the SRY is needed for sex determination and differentiation; for example, women with CAIS have the SRY gene but lack androgen receptors. In terms of hormone effects on their bodies (including their brains), women with CAIS have had much less “masculinization”
Read 24 tweets
Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Apr 7, 2024
Broken Hill, where the outback meets the rough & tumble world of mining. Founded on the dreams of striking it rich with silver, lead, & zinc, this city has a gritty history that's as tough as its landscape. From dusty miners to underground tunnels, Broken Hill has seen it all. Image
But, there's more to this dusty outback city than meets the eye! Over the years, Broken Hill has undergone a transformation as sparkly as a freshly polished gem.

Social attitudes have shifted, embracing diversity and inclusivity like never before. Image
From dusty old mines to rainbow flags proudly waving in the outback sun, Broken Hill has become a shining example of acceptance.
Image
Image
Read 16 tweets
Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Aug 5, 2023
The theory of ‘muscle memory’ has been increasingly discussed in relation to TW athletes. Muscle memory theorizes that muscle retains the capacity to perform tasks it has previously undergone, with suggestions that TW therefore, may retain muscle strength advantages over CW
after transition due to cellular or epigenetic marks retained from prior life exposures to testosterone and myonuclei retention. However, it is important to highlight that this area has not been explored in those undergoing GAHT.
Myonuclei retention plays a potential role in muscle memory, with prior research showing myonuclei numbers are associated with training & T use.
Read 9 tweets
Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Jul 10, 2023
No one would need "Help" if their religion didn't teach them they were broken. No one who is same-sex attracted, or gender diverse is broken. The only people who are broken are those who want to torture others for making them think they're broken.
If trans or gay kids were impressionable regarding their own identity then Conversion Therapy would work. And it doesn’t. So they aren’t!!!!!!

nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-ou…
Dr. Swaab a 🌎 renowned neuroscientist (written over 540 papers)makes it clear how sexual orientation & gender identity is already installed in our brains before birth & thus why it is short-sighted to discriminate or judge these aspects of human diversity
https://t.co/KKWO73PXAi
Read 23 tweets
Kirsti Mill Profile picture
Apr 17, 2023
There is no research that shows the effect of T on any individual. XX are generally more sensitive to the effects of T than XY, curvilinear effects as well as great interindividual differences make extrapolation of the effects of specific amounts in any individual impossible.
Many aspects of physique or athletic performance differ between M & F, however, none of these is close to 10-fold, further underscoring the limitations of a straightforward comparison of average M-F differences in athletic performance to average M-F differences in T levels.
Handelsman et al. (2018) note that the lower 95% reference limit for men’s endogenous T is 7.7nmol/L, while the upper 95% reference limit is 29.4nmol/L. But the upper limit men are not any bigger, faster, or stronger than the lower limit men.
Read 11 tweets

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