@Scienceofsport @njstone9 “Hubbard says she stopped weightlifting in 2001 at the age of 23 "because it just became too much to bear", blaming "the pressure of trying to fit into a world that perhaps wasn't really set up for people like myself".
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 “After transitioning to female aged 35 in 2012, it would be another five years before Hubbard competed at international weightlifting competitions - and she achieved immediate success.”
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 It can’t just be me that realises how utterly insane it is that this is a person who didn’t lift weights for over 15 years - 15 years - and has, in a couple of years of retraining, become competitive at the highest level???
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 Hubbard isn’t just old (will be the oldest weightlifter ever to compete as female) but has been out of the game for so long, any hope of international success would be typically way out of reach.
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 Elite weightlifters who compete at Master’s age with long-standing and successful international careers behind them (or still ongoing) are not as far ahead of their age-matched peers as is Hubbard.
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 Hubbard took at least 15 years off and, within a couple of years, is better in her category than males and females with a slew of international medals in their locker and a lifetime of elite training and competition.
@Scienceofsport@njstone9 And at an age when those elite weightlifters are getting weaker, losing their edge, no longer challenging in the senior category, Hubbard is getting stronger and has the third highest total lift in an Olympic field.
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Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome is a DSD that occurs in 46,XY males with normal testes and normal virilisation, who also retain Müllerian structures (uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, upper vagina) that should have degenerated in utero.
How does it happen?
Early in development, every fetus has two duct systems: the paramesonephric/Müllerian (female) and mesonephric/Wolffian (male).
(The formal names will become relevant later).
In XY babies, carrying the “make male” SRY gene, testes are made on schedule.
These testes make testosterone that promotes development of the Wolffian ducts, because testes will need an epididymis, vas deferens and seminal glands to do their fathering job.
I think the Andes hantavirus data is being misread right now.
Claims are circulating that the evidence doesn’t seem to support.
I want to walk through them carefully.
The 40% fatality figure: an artefact of who gets counted.
The 40% case fatality rate (CFR) figure comes specifically from hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), an outcome in a subset of hanta infections.
This is the severe cardiopulmonary presentation. It excludes subclinical infections that resolved without anyone noticing more than “a touch of flu”.
In Jujuy Province, Argentina, the seroprevalence (rate at which people have antibodies due to hanta infection) is 6.5%. Hospitalised HPS cases had a CFR of 13.3%, but most patients were described as having a mild clinical course.
Disclaimer: although an Argentine outbreak, this has not been confirmed as ANDV.
The 40% is the fatality rate among people sick enough to be diagnosed and hospitalised.
It is not the infection fatality rate.
These are not the same thing, and conflating them is causing significant confusion.
The true attack rate: barely any data.
The Boat had approximately 180 exposed individuals, and around ten cases have been detected. Three - soon to be four, I predict - have died.
Without antibody analysis of the full cohort, we don’t know how many mild or subclinical infections were missed entirely.
Disclaimer: I am a biology PhD, but not virology/epidemiology. Husbandman is a virology PhD. But I’m told I’m good at communicating science, so here’s my take.
#Hantavirus
Humans get hantavirus from rodents who carry it.
Some people went to Argentina birdwatching in a landfill, and were exposed to hantavirus because rodents like landfills.
Looks like one - if not two - people brought the virus onto their cruise boat.
So now we have an isolated boat with an index case: someone who is infected.
That’s not good for the index case. Hantavirus has a high fatality rate, and that’s scary.
A cell layer that has developed to protect your body from the outside doesn’t work like a cell layer that has developed to protect your body from the inside.
The cells lining my vagina are not the same cells, and they don’t have the same function, as the ones wrapping your penis.
There’s a name for what happens when you subject dry-adapted “outside skin” to wet-adapted “inside conditions”.
My vagina - “inside skin” - hothouses a healthy microbiome that promotes health and healing, and imparts immune function onto small humans that happen to come out of it.
Yours? Less so.
My vagina is a muscular organ, adapted to my healthy female function of receipt of peen, expelling menstrual products and pushing out small humans.