Now that we've defined the Discovery Institute's 'Wedge Strategy', let's talk about how it's become the model for infiltrating public consciousness with poisonous ideologies.
Let's focus on how it's used in anti-vaccine movements first.
There was a change in tone around 2004 in the anti-vaccine movement. Jenny McCarthy and Robert Kennedy Jr. began using talking points like:
"Green our vaccines!" (remove mercury & aluminum)
"Too many, too soon!"
"I'm not anti-vaccine, I'm pro-SAFE vaccine.
The goal is to locate pre-existing soft points. Conceal your true intentions by hiring a messaging expert to change the conversation. Not pro- vs. anti-, but unsafe vs. safe; or "more research needed".
The goal isn't to convince experts or scientists. It's to muddy the water.
Robert Kennedy, Jr. was one of two groups making large ad buys on social media, especially Facebook. His messaging wasn't for hard-core fans, it was workshopped messaging designed to appeal to concerned parents, political hot-buttons (glyphosate and fetal cells).
There's a change in tone from "vaccines cause autism" (attack) to "protect our kids" (pathos appeal) & the mainstream scientists become the enemy of the movement, so they target them as 'pharma shills', just as every biologist is a "Darwinist" or "materialist" to creationists.
The inevitable response by the scientific community was to try to address each falsehood or ideological talking point, which is futile.
It's a tactic invented by creationists: the Gish Gallop. It takes 10 times longer to refute a falsehood than it does to create it.
Science is outgunned in the ideology & PR department. We rely on facts & evidence, which withers in the face of fear & doubt. We *can't* use pathos appeals, because it's antithetical to our principles.
So goes the Wedge Strategy in vaccine denialism.
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Famed population geneticist RA Fisher published this paper in 1936 taking Mendel to task for either concealing, cherry-picking, or omitting parts of his study of pea genetics.
1. The segregation ratios (as in 'Mendelian ratios') are too perfect. Actual observations are modified by noise and distortion, only land on the 3:1, 1:2:1 ratios in extremely large samples sizes of ideal, perfect genetic models.
I want to talk about the Map-Territory Relation in #science & why it matters to many topics in public perception of science.
It's what I think of when people insist that 'science says there are only two genders'.
Maybe you've seen this work by René Magritte, called "The Treachery of Images". The text translates: "this is not a pipe".
It's not. It's an IMAGE of a pipe. It only resembles an actual pipe in one very specific way, from a particular angle, in 2-D.
Like this PICTURE of a pipe, a scientific model or system of classification is by nature a SIMPLIFICATION.
British statistician George Box: "Essentially, all models are wrong, but some are useful. However, the approximate nature of the model must always be borne in mind."
But the most interesting story about Benjamin Franklin I've run across is the giant pit filled with human bones that was recently (1997) found in his basement.
Really.
A giant pit of human bones. The remains of at least 28 bodies. In his basement. Cut up with a saw.
Ben Franklin lived at 36 Craven Street in London (now the 'Benjamin Franklin House & Museum').
Workers doing renovations found the bones in a buried pit in the basement, remains including those of infants.
He had a special arrangement with a friend of a friend, William Hewson, now called the "Father of Hematology" for his discovery of blood composition and fibrin.
Hewson operated an "anatomy school" in Ben Franklin's garden (back yard) where students dissected cadavers.
He had an acknowledged illegitimate son, William, who was the last British governor of New Jersey & chief Loyalist, running pro-British military operations from his base in New York.
He died in exile. But HE had an illegitimate son...
William Temple Franklin was William's illegitimate son, born while William was in law school, London.
"Temple" accompanied his GRANDFATHER Benjamin & acted as his secretary, worked on Treaty of Paris where France recognized USA.
Brief return to US, then rest of life in France.
Temple had an illegitimate son, Théodore, but he died before the age of 5, and an illegitimate daughter, Ellen Franklin Hanbury, who was raised by HER grandfather William.
Ellen married but had no children, so this particular chain of Franklin Bastards reaches its end.
My hypothesis:
Humans invented hats because we were envious of the marvelous headgear in the animal world.
Let's talk about antlers, horns, ossicones & pronghorns.
#Antlers are shed & regrown every year, composed of bone that begins at a pedicle, base structure that remains after shedding. Antlers are extensions of the the skull.
Mechanism of growth similar to bone HEALING: cartilaginous tissue gives rise to bone coated in skin "velvet".
Antlers usually only form on males, with one exception: female reindeer grow shortened antlers, which may be functional for snow clearing, or challenge between females over scarce food resources.