5 Myths of Co-Design for Ethical ML
- ‘Better’ involvement➡️ 'better’ design outcomes
- Co-design increases agency of patients
- Representation reduces risk of harms
- Co-design is an inherently ethical approach
- All problems can be co-design problems @josephdonia@jayshaw29 1/
Novel challenges when co-designing AI:
- participation is often unwitting (eg as training data)
- AI technologies can be repurposed after deployment
- black box nature
- hard to account for how data produced by system will be used in future 2/
"Better" involvement does not imply a stronger focus on the whole system (including consequences related to data commodification & surveillance), much of which is out of view for both users & designers 3/
The inclusion of communities in design processes does not necessarily address problems that lead to marginalization in the first place. Indeed, it rarely does. 4/
Questions to ask (design humility):
- when does co-design substitute other methods of public interest & action?
- what are the limits of design research?
- who is sidelined and what might we learn from them?
- when shouldn’t we design? 5/
Above quotes from "Co-design and Ethical Artificial Intelligence for Health: Myths and Misconceptions" by @josephdonia@jayshaw29
The human immune system is impressive, but so are the mechanisms pathogens use to evade it. In my new post, I cover 5 surprising and ingenious ways that viruses & bacteria can subvert our defenses. 1/
Our cells contain microscopic motor proteins that transport cargo along microtubules. The virus (HSV-1) that is increasingly being linked to Alzheimer's Disease uses our motor proteins to transport its viral DNA to the nucleus, so that it can start replicating faster. 2/
T cells are a crucial part of the immune system. A single-celled organism (T. cruzi, cause of Chagas disease) blocks the signal which coordinates T cell response. With no T cell response to it, T. cruzi can survive 10-30 years in a person, before wreaking havoc or death. 3/
My daughter is constantly creating– her passions include making art, writing fiction, coding interactive games, and composing music. Some might say my husband & I are terrible parents… because she does all these things on screens 1/
I am concerned by how these false interlocking points are being repeated by politicians & pundits: that screentime is very harmful for children, that it is essential for kids to attend in-person school every day (even when sick), and that workers must return to the office. 2/
Overemphasizing in-person school attendance overlooks the many kids whose needs aren’t met by in-person school. It also overlooks the many online & screen-based options opportunities to build skills, express creativity, and form friendships. 3/
There is much confusion about the "hygiene hypothesis" (what kind of microbes are beneficial vs. harmful?)-- a clearer refinement of it is the framing of "old friends" vs. "crowd infections"
Our immune systems evolved in a different world, without 100,000 flights per day 1/
Some people compare the immune system to a muscle that gets stronger with use. Yet some infections leave lasting harm. Viruses are increasingly linked with multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, type 1 diabetes, cancer, & more...
Allergies are a misfiring of immune system– when it attacks harmless environmental substances, e.g. pollen or dust. Autoimmunity is a different type of immune misfiring– when it attacks our own cells. Both are on the rise.
All the diseases in below chart are autoimmune. 3/
Friends with no previous interest in AI ethics have been asking me about it recently, so I want to share several underlying concepts about AI & power that are important to understand. 🧵 1/
AI and Power: The Ethical Challenges of Automation, Centralization, & Scale
In Australia, automation was used to scale putting poor people into debt (often illegally). The govt went from creating 20,000 new debts PER YEAR to creating 20,000 new debts PER WEEK, many of them bogus, but hard for people to appeal. 3/
Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes, Lupus, Hashimoto's, & Psoriasis impact a range of body systems, but all are autoimmune diseases.
Developing a lifelong autoimmune disease is often first triggered by an infection. 2/
Medicine is very siloed, and autoimmune diseases have often been treated in separate silos, based on which body system they impact, limiting our broader understanding of common threads. 3/
Even common viruses can have long-reaching, surprising, & devastating consequences. Fortunately, there are simple steps we can take to reduce transmission. 1/
The idea that a common childhood virus can quietly hang out in your nervous system, reactivate decades later to cause shingles, and then months AFTER shingles blisters clear up cause blood clots & strokes is mind-boggling to me 2/
VZV (chickenpox virus) is not just linked to strokes, but also linked to multiple sclerosis or vascular dementia (my note: possibly through reactivating other viruses).