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Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
@ErrataRob
Sep 15, 2021 • 13 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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1/n Okay, nerds, when doing an audit on Windows or Android in order to prove "it wasn't connected to the Internet" during certain dates, what would you look for? I mention this because it's not a standard audit/forensics question.
2/n I mention this because of answering this question. I don't have confidence in the report partly because of my own limitations that I don't know how to do this.
3/ The report says this. The USB part is very good. But the rest is bad. I downloaded OSForenics and made sure: it doesn't have a specific module that deals with this question.
4/ "Windows event logs" would be the place to look, but looking on my own Windows machines, I can't find events that would conclusively tell me this.
5/ Windows probes for an Internet connection and can log successes, but I see logs for failures (indicating "not on the network") for machines that are indeed actively on the Internet.
6/ Ah! NTP! That seems to be the answer!!!! This seems to reliably work to see if day-by-day the computer has access to the Internet.
7/ DNS seems a bust. I think you have to enable logging specifically for it, that it's not enabled by default.
8/ In this case, "Windows Updates" logs aren't going to work, because Dominion systems have it disabled.
9/ So the next step is to investigate this with the Dominion EMS images provided at the cybersymposium. It doesn't have any NTP logs, because NTP is disabled.
10/ The Mesa County, Colorado system is similar to the Maricopa County, Arizona EMS system. A copy of the system image was leaked online during Mike Lindell's "Cybersymposium". Working with this system would tell us things like "NTP is disabled" that probably apply to Maricopa.
11/ MESA: well here's something that suggests the Mesa Count, Colorado server was connected to a network during the election. Error messages about not being able to contact a router ceased between Oct 16 and Dec 14.
12/ Prowling around other logs, I suspect the opposite is true, that a cable was plugged in during the other times (causing this fail message), but physically disconnected during the election (hence, not even trying to contact router).
13/ Which is a good example for when you are off the reservation into areas where you don't understand (as I am here): something you don't understand isn't evidence of your theory. There may be yet more explanations that explain it that you didn't consinder.

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More from @ErrataRob

Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Nov 16
🧵So let's talk about the difficulties Netflix is having streaming the Tyson v Paul fight, how the stream gets from there to your TV/computer. This will a longish thread.
In 1985 on his first fight, TV technology was based upon "broadcasts". That meant sending one copy of a video stream to thousands, often millions of receivers. A city would send the signal to a radio tower and broadcast that signal across a wide area.
In today's Internet, though, everybody gets their own stream. There is no broadcasting, no sharing of streams. Every viewer gets their own custom stream from a Netflix server. That we can get so many point-to-point stream across the Internet is mind boggling.
Read 24 tweets
Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Sep 17
By the way, the energy density of C4 is 6.7 megajoules/kilogram.
The energy density of lithium-ion batteries is about 0.5 megajoules/kilogram.
C4 will "detonate" with a bang.
Lithium-ion batteries will go "woosh" with a fireball, if you can get them to explode. They conflagrate rather than detonate. They don't even deflagrate like gun powder.
To get a lithium-ion battery to explode (in a fireball) at all, you have to cause physical damage, overcharge it, or heat it up.
Causing heat is the only way a hacker could remotely cause such an event.
Read 8 tweets
Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Jul 21
I don't want to get into it, but I don't think Travis is quite right. I mean, the original 25million view tweet is full of fail and you should always assume Tavis is right ....

...but I'm seeing things a little differently.
🧵1/n
2/n
 DON'T TRY THIS AT HOME

I'm a professional, so I can take the risk of disagreeing with Tavis. But this is just too dangerous for non-professionals, you'll crash and burn. Even I am not likely to get out of this without some scrapes.
3/n
 To be fair, we are all being lazy here. We haven't put the work in to fully reverse engineer this thing. We are just sifting the tea leaves. We aren't looking further than just these few lines of code. Image
Read 14 tweets
Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Jun 18
The reason IT support people are so bitter is that YOU (I mean YOU) cannot rationally describe the problem:

You: The Internet is down
IT: How do you know the Internet is down?
You: I can't get email.
IT: Is it possible that the email servers are down and the Internet is working just fine? Can you visit Twitter on your browser?
You: Yes, I can visit the twitter website.
IT: Is there any reason other than email to believe the Internet is down?
You: The last time I couldn't get email it was because the Internet was down.

The fact that IT doesn't call you a blithering idiot on every support call demonstrates saintly restraint, even if a little bit of their frustration leaks through.
A lot of good replies to my tweet, but so far this is the best:
I very much like this rebuttal. I was think of "driving a car" analogy, but this tweet says it much better.
Read 5 tweets
Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Apr 12
Uh, no, by any rational measure, only Trump has had respect for the forum.

Televised debates aren't about "debate" but charisma and media training, where they craft an answer regardless of whether they believe it.

Trump is the only candidate who gives sincere answers.
Trump is pure evil, the brutality of his answers appeals to ignorant brutes who reject all civilized norms.

But the yang to Trump's yin is a liberal elite like Rosen whose comfortable with the civilized norm of lying politicians who play this game of deceitful debates.
To be fair, Biden (and Obama and Bush before him) have stood up for important democratic principles, the ones that Trump flatly reject. But still, the system has gotten crusty. There's no reason to take presidential debates seriously as Rosen does.
Read 4 tweets
Robert Graham 𝕏 Profile picture
Mar 21
I've read through it.

It's the same as all Ben Cotton's analysis's, looking for things he doesn't understand and insisting these are evidence of something bad, that the only explanation is his conspiracy-theory.

I can't explain the anomalies he finds, either, but in my experience as a forensics expert, I know that just because I can't explain it doesn't mean there isn't a simple explanation.

For example, he points to log messages about mismatched versions. I know from experience that such messages are very common, I even see them in software that I write. It's the norm that when you build something from a lot of different software components, that they will not be perfectly synchronized.

That he would make such claims based solely on log messages of mismatched versions proves that he's really not competent -- or at least, very partisan willing to be misrepresent things.
In particular, I disagree with his description of these files. In the C#/.NET environments, creationg of new executables is common. In particular, these are represent web server files. It's quite plausible that as the user reconfigures the website, that these executables will be recreated.

I don't know for certain. I'd have to look at Dominion in more detail. I just know that if any new C#/.NET executables appear in the system that they are not automatically new software.Image
The certification process looks haphazard and sloppy to me, so it's easy for me to believe that uncertified machines were used in elections.

But nothing in Ben Cotton's report suggests to me that this happened. He's not looking for an explanation for the anomalies he finds, he already has an explanation, and is looking for things that the ignorant will believe is proof of that explanation.
Read 4 tweets

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