Mike Driscoll Profile picture
Oct 7, 2021 โ€ข 10 tweets โ€ข 6 min read โ€ข Read on X
Do you know how to make a #Python class method act like an attribute?

You can do that by turning the method into a `property`

Learn how in this thread!

๐Ÿงต๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿ
The first step is to look at a regular #Python class.

The following `Person` class has a method called `full_name()`. To get the full name of the `Person`, you must call `full_name()`

Wouldn't it be nice if you could just use dot notation instead of calling it?
In #Python, you can turn the method into a `property` using the `@property` decorator

Once you do that, you can then use dot notation to access the `full_name()` method as if it were an instance attribute!
What if you want to set the property to a new value though? I mean, in a normal #Python class, the attributes can be set by doing something like `p.first_name = "Jane"`

If you try that with the `full_name` property you will get an `AttributeError`!
To make a property settable, you need to add a new function with a special decorator.

In this case, you have the `full_name()` decorated with `@property`

To add a setter, you need to create a SECOND `full_name()` method and decorate it with `@full_name.setter`
Let's look at another example! Here is a regular class that has a getter and setter function:

๐Ÿ get_fee()
๐Ÿ set_fee()

When you create a class with getters and setters, you kind of miss out on the power of Python because you can't use dot notation here
You can update the class to add a `property` by using the `property()` function.

The following is kind of a sneaky way to turn those two methods into a property without adding the `@property` decorator
However, in #Python, it is better to be explicit so here is the class rewrote with the `@property` applied

Now you'll be able to get and set the values using regular dot notation
The code for most of the examples here come from one of my tutorials @mousevspython

blog.pythonlibrary.org/2014/01/20/pytโ€ฆ
I hope you enjoyed learning about #Python properties with me. If you did, retweet the beginning of this thread to share it with your friends.

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More from @driscollis

Feb 1
Did you know that #Python supports SQLite in the standard library? That's right. You don't need to install anything! ๐Ÿ๐Ÿš€

Let's talk a little about that!

๐Ÿงต๐Ÿ‘‡
If you have a pre-existing SQLite database file, you can use #Python's `sqlite3` module to connect to it

Here's how: Image
If you want to create a new SQLite database with #Python, you can use the same syntax that you'd use to connect to a pre-existing one.

Then create a cursor object and create your table, like this: Image
Read 8 tweets
Nov 21, 2023
Today is a great day to talk about #Python lambdas!

Let's learn about them in a thread

๐Ÿ๐Ÿงต๐Ÿ‘‡
A Python lambda is a one-line anonymous function.

Rule #1 is do NOT assign a lambda to a variable.

When you do that, it's no longer an anonymous function. You should just create a regular function at that point Image
If you want to run a lambda in your REPL, wrap it in parentheses, like this: Image
Read 9 tweets
Mar 23, 2023
Want to create a copy of a #Python list? Use Python's `copy()` method!

Note: Watch out if your list contains lists of dictionaries. In those cases, you might be better off using copy.deepcopy()
But be careful! If your list contains a mutable object, like another list or a dictionary, you may encounter some unexpected behavior.

In the following example, you `copy()` the list. Then you modify the nested dictionary in the copy, but that also changes the original list!
You can fix this behavior by using Python's `copy` module. It provides a deepcopy() function that you can use which will make a deep copy of the ENTIRE list!
Read 4 tweets
Mar 22, 2023
#Python generators aren't talked about enough.

So let's talk about them today!

๐Ÿงต๐Ÿ๐Ÿ‘‡
According to the #Python wiki, "Generator functions allow you to declare a function that behaves like an iterator"

One of their best use cases is to chunk through large data sets a piece at a time, which prevents you from running out of memory.

wiki.python.org/moin/Generators
To create a generator in #Python, you need to use the `yield` keyword instead of `return` inside a function.

Generators will continue to yield values until the generator is exhausted.

The following example will continue to yield numbers for as long as you call it: Image
Read 10 tweets
Mar 21, 2023
My 11th #Python book is now available! ๐Ÿ๐Ÿคฏ

Test your Python skills and knowledge with over 100 PYthon quizzes. Answers are included if you get stuck!

Available on Amazon, Leanpub, and Gumroad (see following tweets)
Get my 11th #Python book, The Python Quiz book on Amazon in the following formats:

๐Ÿ Kindle
๐Ÿ Paperback

amazon.com/dp/B0BVT8DZV1
You can find The Python Quiz Book on @gumroad too in the following formats:

๐Ÿ epub
๐Ÿ PDF

driscollis.gumroad.com/l/pyquiz
Read 4 tweets
Mar 17, 2023
Starting in Python 3.7, the `breakpoint()` built-in function was added

It is defined in PEP 553 and simplifies adding a breakpoint to your code

#python_builtins_by_driscollis

๐Ÿงต๐Ÿ๐Ÿ‘‡
You can read about the `breakpoint()` function for Python here:

python.org/dev/peps/pep-0โ€ฆ
Here is some sample code showing how to use the `breakpoint()` function in your Python code
Read 6 tweets

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