#Leviticus 25:1-7

The sabbatical year

Six years you can plant and harvest as usual; in the seventh year, though, none of that - you can eat only what the land produces on its own, without your intervention.

That ought to work out just fine.
There’s an obvious utopian quality to this law - as it will essentially go on to explain a few verses later. It might have once been workable on a field-by-field level, but not nationally, which is what is clearly proposed here. This is the sabbath writ large.
Having moved through all the realms of the sacred, we’re now come to the biggest and last: the land itself. The sabbath is about sacred time; the sabbatical is about sacred land (in time). It’s also fundamentally about property, as will become increasingly clear.
Whose land is this? Who is the owner, and who is merely working it, as if a laborer? The land becomes the key to understanding the relationship between YHWH and Israel, their relative standing, and the reality or fiction of Israel’s self-identity and even story.

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More from @JoelBaden

9 Nov
#Leviticus 25:8-12

The jubilee year

Every fifty years, we get the jubilee: not just a year of rest like the sabbatical (though that too), but a year of restoration: everyone returns to their lands and to their people. What a nice biblical idea! Except it isn’t (biblical).
The big announcement of the fiftieth year is the restoration, or dror (דרור). This word comes to Hebrew, and the Bible, from the Akkadian andurarum, which is the same basic concept, just at the whim of the king rather than set on the calendar.
Always good to have the reminder that so much of what is known as biblical law is in fact just borrowed ancient Near Eastern practice. (You may think that these are God’s laws, but if they are, God nicked them from Mesopotamia.)
Read 8 tweets
1 Oct
#Leviticus 19:26-28

Sorcery (and why Jews wear beards and don’t get tattoos)

The thing about sorcery in the Bible is that it isn’t forbidden because it’s inherently evil. It isn’t forbidden because it’s “magic” (however defined). It’s forbidden because it works.
Sorcery (or divination, or augury, or whatever in this concept cluster) is problematic because it usurps YHWH’s power - and, particularly, the authority of the priests as the sole access to YHWH, and especially to oracular knowledge. Knowledge is power, don’t you know.
Sorcery is thus very much like child sacrifice - prohibited because of its efficaciousness, because it overrides or usurps divine authority, because it reveals alternative modes of manipulating power and knowledge. Such things are, as always, a threat to the powers that be.
Read 6 tweets
30 Sep
#Leviticus 19:23-25

Forbidden fruit

Sorry - not as sexy as it sounds. Like, literal forbidden fruit: no fruit from trees less than four years old can be eaten. Fine agricultural practice I’m sure - more interesting is the word for “forbidden” here: elsewhere, “uncircumcised.”
Same word used in both cases of literal circumcision (like Abraham in Gen 17) and some famous figurative language: Moses talking about his mouth, Jeremiah about people’s hearts and ears, etc.
I’m here to suggest that “uncircumcised” isn’t the base meaning of the word, but is a specialized (if common) application of a broader term meaning “covered, blocked.” Moses’s mouth, Jeremiah’s hearts and ears…and of course these premature fruit trees.
Read 4 tweets
29 Sep
#Leviticus 19:20-22

Slavery and sex, in one law!

As you can imagine, it ain’t great. Usually, the punishment for adultery is death. But if the woman is a slave, well, then she’s not really a person, you see, and so the (free) man just has to pay - like he damaged property.
But, but, slavery in the Bible was better than -

Shut it. This is some straight dehumanizing shit here, and defending it means you love this old-ass book more than you love your fellow humans, and you can call that whatever you like, but I call it deeply immoral.

Rant over.
(This kind of shit - which I received just this morning, amazingly): Image
Read 4 tweets
28 Sep
#Leviticus 19:19

Forbidden mixtures

Goats and sheep, corn and peas, wool and cotton: whatever you do, don’t mix them together. After the most beloved law in the Bible comes this, one of the most often ignored, even disdained. But remember: they’re equally biblical.
This law may be hard to understand on a practical level, but it’s pretty consistent with the overall priestly concern for categories and boundaries and definitions. Creation was an act of separation: don’t undo it by muddling everything back together.
This is of course especially important for animal breeding, since animal categories are crucial for both the sacrificial system and the kosher laws. When everything means something, then it’s important to know what everything is, categorically.
Read 4 tweets
27 Sep
#Leviticus 19:9-18

Holiness laws, part 2

Here's a pretty terrific collection of ethical laws, in no obvious order, and many of them borrowed from other texts. It's like a greatest hits of ethical legal statements. And, oh yeah, it culminates with the golden rule.
It's probably worth saying that the golden rule is known as such only because of Jesus (or, for my Jews, Hillel). There's nothing in H, or anywhere else in the Hebrew Bible, to denote it as any more special or important than any other law.
Is it more special? It's certainly broader, and in that sense more useful. But it doesn't override any others - or if it does, that's an interpretive choice, not one dictated by the Bible itself. In an alternate universe, another law could have become "the golden rule."
Read 10 tweets

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