Andrés Pertierra Profile picture
Nov 17, 2021 13 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Finally started it tonight (it's been a hectic few days).

Erudition that went into this is pretty impressive even for famously widely read scholar like Pérez. Lots of interesting social history here.

Also can't help but be wary of focus on US-Cuba relationship though
From what I can tell the US-Cuba focus of the text is part of a bigger meta-argument about how maybe the cultural ties between the two countries can serve as the basis for a reconciliation in the future, but I'm still not sure that justifies the centrality of US-Cuba so far
It's hard to argue against it to some extent because the US is obviously really key to understanding the formation of Cuban national identity and the evolution of Cuban nationalism. But I still feel wary about just how central the book is making it.
Calling the US “el norte” (the north) is a much older practice than I thought Image
Also interesting to hear that Cuban cigar factories spread not just to more obvious places like key west and New York but also Philly
Martí was not messing around, as he writes about Catholic church’s relationship with colonial Gov:

“When the [old] society has been crushed and another, new society has been created… Catholicism must perish” Image
I always kind of assumed the Cuban obsession with baseball started with the first US occupation of the island, but apparently it dates back to emigres returning from the US after the Ten Years War (Cuba’s first independence war, which failed) Image
Apparently the Spanish outright banned baseball for a time because they saw it as an “anti-Spanish activity” and even after the end of the ban conservatives saw it as a “threat” to “the integrity of [Spain]”.

Supporting baseball offered non-Spanish sport alternative Image
Reading about the War of 1895 in Cuba always makes me feel deeply sad. Reconcentration camps, the destruction of tons of farms and ranches, entire towns abandoned

A massive national trauma that culminated in independence being stolen away and a protectorate imposed instead Image
Ads for the Cuban Colonization Company, one of a number of projects that sprang up as Americans flooded into Cuba post-1898, buying up lands at low prices since so many Cubans had died or been bankrupted. ImageImage
Does this mean Eduardo Chibás spoke English with a Jamaican accent? Image
There’s still lots of misplaced nostalgia for the Cuban economy of the 1950s, but this is really useful at getting at the structural crisis it faced and the stagnation everyday people lived through, even as the economy slowly diversified ImageImage
Finally stopped reading. I really love this as a social history of US-Cuban connections and exchange

I still come away feeling like it overemphasizes it a bit and leaves big gaps in the construction of Cuban identity, but I don’t have to agree with its arg for book to be useful

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More from @ASPertierra

Oct 14, 2024
Since it’s Indigenous People’s Day, here’s a short thread on what we know, what we popularly assume, and what we don’t have any way to know about the indigenous Caribbean before Columbus, and in particular the people known as the Taíno 🧵 Image
1) the term Taino isn’t what these people called themselves. Indeed, it isn’t even clear there’s a coherent label they would have recognized as applying to all the peoples we call Taino. Instead it’s a term used by late modern academics for a broad culture or civilization
2) the peoples we call the Taino are largely descendants of migrants from Arawak speaking peoples in central South America, who brought with them tubers like cassava, knowledge of canoes and seafaring (originally applied to rivers but later the Atlantic), and Stone Age tech
Read 18 tweets
Apr 29, 2024
The more I read about Cortes and Pizarro successfully toppling the Aztecs and Inca, the more it makes sense in certain aspects (lots of native allies, disease often helping destabilize native societies, etc) while still being incredible in others (lots of luck, stubbornness, etc)
Cortes wasn’t even supposed to lead this massive conquest of the Aztecs. He did a mini-coup as soon as he arrived and took charge of Diego Velazquez’s expeditionary force, of which he was a member. He then beat Velazquez’s force meant to bring him to heel. He also found allies
Restall’s argument is that Cortes was far less impressive as a military leader than he was as a capable leader with a silver tongue able to get his men to do things (like besiege a huge city bigger than anything they’d seen) they’d normally think was crazy
Read 7 tweets
Mar 9, 2024
The argument that “the gold stolen from the Americas is all around you, in the cities, doors, cathedrals, hospitals, and universities” has a couple of problems, but one of the biggest is that the real answer is much of it was spent either in wars or to pay off foreign bankers
This is true even as far back as the capture of the Incan emperor, whose ransom paid for the invasion of Tunisia under Charles v. Not invested
A ton of gold and silver shipments from the Americas don’t even arrive in the hands of Spanish elites who might, hypothetically, reinvest it at home. The Spanish crown forces them to take government bonds (juros) and seizes their treasure on the annual treasure fleet
Read 5 tweets
Mar 2, 2024
Finally got internet on my phone now that I’m in Cuba.

Trying to not use it up too quick so just popping in for a bit

Country is at the lowest point that I’ve ever seen. It was bad when I visited two years ago but much worse now. Econ crisis is devastating
The rise of barter because of the collapsing value of the peso due to hyperinflation is something that makes total sense but is absolutely wild to see given the relative stability of the peso in the late 00s and most of the 2010s

Peso dropping from week to week.
Whoever comes back from Cuba and tells you that the stands are full of food and everything is affordable is either naive and uninformed or lying for political reasons. Maybe a mix of both

Cuba needs aid ASAP
Read 8 tweets
Feb 3, 2024
“To these people who say democracy is being dismantled, my answer is yes - we are not dismantling it, we are eliminating it, we are replacing it with something new”

More than a little worrying that the Vice Presidential candidate of a country is just openly declaring this
Image
On the back of wide popular support, tyrants can start off seeming like they’re the solution because they can just take draconian measures that ignore laws and can override established interests who’d normally slow down or veto reforms.

Problems come as they entrench themselves
Genuinely worried that the Bukele model (hard line policing and mass arrests as a means to absolute power) is going to be something we see more and more of in the region
Read 4 tweets
Oct 24, 2023
Cuba only had a population of 11.2 million in 2021, meaning that almost 4% of the entire population of Cuba has emigrated *just* to the US and *just* in the past two years

Given that many migrants will be young, working & childbearing age this has massive implications for Cuba
Keeping in mind that Cuban migrant outflows are heading to Europe, to Latin America, to Asia, and even to Russia as mercs as the recent scandal showed, the total number of Cuban emigration over the past few years is going to be staggering whenever it comes to light
For perspective, the massive outflow during Mariel in 1980 was just 125k

This is almost 4 Mariels at this point
Read 4 tweets

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