NEW: @OECD chief economist @LaurenceEco tells me the Omicron variant is an urgent reminder that rich countries need to do more to help poorer countries get vaccinated.
“As long as the global population is not vaccinated, this type of variant can come in and bring restrictions.”
“We G20 countries have spent about $10tr to support our economies in the pandemic – it costs $50bn to bring vaccines to the entire population,” said @LauBooneEco. “As long as the world stays as is we’re going to see countries which are going to have to shut down their economies.”
Full story here: @OECD warns that the rich world must be prepared for more variant-related shocks if it doesn’t help vaccinate poor countries: news.sky.com/story/help-vac…
The @OECD warning comes alongside their forecasts for global growth.
In brief: global economy still rebounding, inflation still rising. Some countries (esp developing economies w/ lower vax rates) being left behind. But NB this was finalised pre-Omicron. Growth forecasts here👇
As ever, some of the best stuff in today’s @OECD report comes in chart form. Here are a few gems from @LauBooneEco’s presentation.
Look: while the US has certainly outperformed Europe on the GDP rebound what’s less discussed is how much Europe outperformed the US on employment.
A couple of good charts on the energy crisis. The one on the right shows you prices which, as we all know, are VERY high at the mo. On the left you see one of the explanations: gas stockpiles are v low in Europe: look how much lower the green bars are than the blue bars.
And NB low gas storage levels in Europe is a big issue for the UK, which has barely any gas storage capacity and hence is deeply reliant on gas imports from the EU. We might have left the EU but we’re still v much in the “single market” for gas!
A couple of good charts on the supply crisis. One on the right shows you how much this is v much an issue for rich countries. On the right you see the sectors which are most exposed. Cars and electrical equipment: unsurprising (semiconductors). But also: rubber & plastics!
Pretty stark chart showing the rise in wait times for semiconductors. Doesn’t seem to be showing much sign of improvement.
And of course one way these supply shortages are manifesting is higher inflation. Just look at how the inflation forecasts from the @OECD (though one could choose pretty much any forecaster) have ratcheted up in recent months.
Really striking chart from the @OECD on vaccination rates. Note the main divide, between rich & upper middle income countries (blue & green, NB upper middle income includes China)…
…and lower middle income (inc India) & low income countries (much of sub-Saharan Africa).
I’ve been banging on abt the paradox that while govts talk a good game on the energy transition/net zero, look at actual spending and you see they’re investing less and less on green energy.
Here’s a good @OECD chart on that. Not sure many have twigged what a big deal this is…
Here’s a longer-run chart of govt investment in energy.
In short, it’s far, far lower now than it was in the 1980s. And note this also goes for investment in renewable energy.
Quite hard to square this with being serious abt net zero. More here: edmundconway.com/why-arent-our-…
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🧵Why, barely 24 hours after the Spending Review, is everyone already going on about tax rises?
Are they REALLY coming?
Or is this an "incoherent argument", as one leading minister calls it?
Well here's a thread explaining what's really going on here.
Bear with me...
First things first.
Key thing to remember is that the main job of HMT is to generate enough money, mostly via taxes (left hand bar here), to finance all its spending (right hand bar).
If that left hand bar isn't high enough, we have to borrow to fill the gap.
That's the deficit!
This week's Spending Review was about the right hand column, obvs. But not ALL of the column.
Actually more than half of govt spending is on stuff that WASN'T covered by the spending review - on benefits, debt interest, pensions etc. It's called "annually managed expenditure"
🧵
You may recall a spate of stories a few years ago about appalling working conditions & abysmally low pay in Leicester's clothes factories.
The hope was those stories would shame businesses into improving working conditions.
But here's what ACTUALLY happened next...
👇
Instead of staying in Leicester, most brands abandoned it & shifted production to N Africa & S Asia.
Today Britain's biggest centre of textile & apparel manufacture is battling the threat of extinction.
It's a mostly untold economic story we've spent recent months documenting
Once upon a time Leicester was the beating heart of UK clothes manufacturing.
The city was dotted with factories making clothes for big name brands.
Now, according to one estimate, the number of clothes factories has dropped from 1500 in 2017 to under 100 this year. A 95% fall.
How big a deal is the new trade agreement unveiled between the US and the UK? Here are some initial thoughts.
Start with this: this is total UK exports to the US over the past 5yrs: £273bn. Right now most of this will face a 10% tariff. Some things (eg cars) face 25% extra
Let's break down that total. The biggest chunk is cars. Just under £30bn. That's covered under the agreement. So too are steel/aluminium exports. Much smaller at £2.7bn...
These sectors will benefit from special deals (though much of the detail still remains vague).
Rolls Royce will apparently get tariff free access for its jet engines. That mostly helps Boeing, but also Rolls Royce. Jet engines comprise a surprisingly large chunk of UK exports to the US, about £17.3bn. So let's shade that red too...
🚨
The Chinese owners of British Steel say they are now considering shutting their blast furnaces and end steelmaking at Scunthorpe in early June - only a few months away.
It would mean an end of virgin steelmaking in the country that invented it during the industrial revolution
British Steel say the main question now is timing: whether the operations will close in June, in September or later.
It says tariffs are one of the reasons the blast furnaces are "no longer financially sustainable".
Press release 👇
The news means @jreynoldsMP faces two interlocking crises in the coming months: 1. The imposition of US tariffs on an ever growing segment of British exports 2. The end of virgin steelmaking (the UK would be the first G7 country to face this watershed moment).
This is big stuff
Donald Trump just announced 25% tariffs on anyone importing oil from Venezuela.
This is odd.
Because the country importing the most crude from Venezuela is... the US.
Capital Economics chart of Ven oil exports by Capital Economics via @rbrtrmstrng
But it raises a bigger point
🧵
Why does the US import so much oil from Venezuela?
Mainly for the same reason it imports so much oil from Canada.
And no it's not just because they're close.
It's because most US refineries are set up to refine the kind of oil they have in Venezuela and Canada.
To understand this it helps to recall that crude oil is actually a broad term. There are LOTS of different varieties of crude - a function of the geology of where the oil formed and the organic ingredients that went into it millions of years ago.
It's called "crude" for a reason
🚨
Here's a thread about ALUMINIUM.
Why this commonplace metal is actually pretty extraordinary.
How the process of making it is a modern miracle...
... which also teaches you some profound lessons about the trade war being waged by Donald Trump. And why it might be doomed.
🧵
Aluminium is totally amazing.
It's strong but also very light, as metals go.
Essentially rust proof, highly electrically conductive. It is one of the foundations of modern civilisation.
No aluminium: no planes, no electricity grids.
A very different world.
Yet, commonplace as it is today, up until the 19th century no one had even set eyes on aluminium. Unlike most other major metals we didn't work out how to refine it until surprisingly recently.
The upshot is it used to be VERY precious. More than gold!