He was testing daily and on Sept 26th, 2 days before the Rose Garden Superspreader event, he tested positive on a fast molecular test.
Bc he was testing so frequently, he was likelu detected using a molecular test at the earliest time, before becoming infectious.
2/
So when he immediately tested again with a rapid Ag test, it did not yet register positive because he was not YET infectious
Had he used a rapid test later that day or next day though, once he was becoming slightly infectious, he almost certainly would have been positive
3/
The decision to continue to not test on day of the Rose Garden superspreader event and on day of the debate with now @POTUS Biden was a massive, dangerous and likely intentional decision
Had he rapid tested that AM, he would have been blazing positive on a rapid Ag test
4/
The Rose Garden event is often held up as a “proof point” that rapid testing doesn’t work because it allowed a superspreader in
Besides this being N of 1, we now essentially know that it was not the case. The President didn’t test that day and was likely highly infectious
5/
Now to the biology:
Some will ask: why was the molecular test positive and the rapid Ag negative 2 days before the event?
Bc there is a short window of time before ppl become infectious when molecular test is pos but a rapid Ag test negative. It’s usually less than a day
6/
I’ve written extensively about this - that there is a small <24 hr time when not yet infectious & rapid Ag not yet pos. This is precisely why testing w any test (including PCR) days before an event doesn’t work. Had he PCR’d 3 days before, it would have also been negative
7/
I wrote about this 👇 and is a reason why testing just prior to an event, and not days before, is so critical - regardless of the type of test.
You can see the very short time when virus is going up when viral load is between PCR and Rapid Ag detection
This is also why a rapid test is almost always the MORE effective test because it can be used to give real time information. If deciding on a PCR that takes two days to return vs a rapid test, then a rapid test the day of is essentially always better
9/
To sum up, the testing would have worked exactly as it should have.
The speed/access of rapid Ag test is what makes it so powerful to identify and stop transmission in real time
No test tells you if you’re going to turn positive in coming days
Test just before you enter
10/
Here is a really nice graph of the “effective sensitivity” of a *single test* based on when it is used prior to an event…
Thanks to @StephenKissler for putting this together!
NOTE: Also, I have noted an error in my timeline. But all the biology and test theory described above remains the same and the likelihood of Trump as the superspreader only increased... he didn't even test that day until AFTER the Rose Garden event.
Many countries are asking for proof of vax, or testing to travel
I don’t understand this. Vax work Well to stop disease…
But it’s time to clarify they do not stop transmission. They slow it down
But it simply is not appropriate to assume that vax = not infectious
1/
If we don’t appreciate this soon immediately, then we will see irresponsible policy that allows the virus to keep on spreading.
This is almost certainly even more true for Omicron which, if anything, will spread more efficiently, not less, than other variants among vax’d
2/
We can be fully transparent about what vaccines do very well (protect you!) and what they are not doing very well (stopping transmission) while still advocating for everyone to be vaccinated
Most ppl see this and any lack of transparency harms vaccine uptake even more.
3/
This from @CDCgov is exactly why Rapid tests are important!
A PCR 2 days before an event, flight or (fill in blank) does NOT reflect you today
2 days ago can be neg but you can be a superspreader now
A rapid test used just before the event is always best.
1/
Its remarkable & contradictory that while CDC makes this figure 👆showing that neg tests 3 days before do not mean you’re negative on thanksgiving… while still recommending testing 2-3 days before travel.
The safest approach is to recommend a rapid test hours before travel
2/
In the midst of Omicron, instead of border lockdowns, we can use rapid tests just before a flight. Could even consider a PCR 24-48 hrs before amd a rapid test just a couple hours prior to flight.
3/
Monitoring wastewater for viral load estimates outbreak size
In just a few weeks, in Pretoria S. Africa (north of Johannesburg) viral load detected in wastewater has reached similar levels as the peak of Delta
This at least indicates that transmission may be remarkably swift
More information on this metric can be found here.
IMO this offers a fairly unbiased view into viral load at a population level which, barring major changes in the viral loads within individuals, can be extrapolated to an extent to cases or prevalence across a population.
🧵 Why some vaccines stop transmission & others don’t:
Vaccines that stop transmission are often against viruses that replicate internally first and only then transmit (like measles). So if the vaccine stops internal replication, it stops transmission.
For COVID vaccines…
1/
For vax against upper respiratory viruses like SARS2, these viruses often don’t require “internal” replication. They just land in the nose, replicate locally & transmit on. So the vax can block “internal” replication and thus stop disease separate from stopping transmission
2/
The immune response in the upper respiratory tract is somewhat distinct from response in lungs, blood, lymph, etc.
Most vaccines create a multitude of layers of protection that can block a pathogen in lungs, blood, lymph, without offering the same in the nose/mouth/throat
3/