Dr Zoë Hyde Profile picture
Dec 8, 2021 10 tweets 4 min read Read on X
I won’t sugar-coat things. This is a disaster.

People vaccinated with 2 doses of the Pfizer-BNT vaccine likely have no protection against infection with the omicron strain. Protection after 3 doses has likely taken a big hit as well.

What it means for severe disease is unclear.
There are similar data from South Africa.

Antibodies collected from people vaccinated with 2 doses of the Pfizer-BNT vaccine fare poorly against the omicron variant, although vaccinated people with a previous infection fared better.

But getting infected still isn’t a good idea! Image
The key question now, is what this means for protection against severe disease.

It’s unlikely to have been lost, but some reduction seems inevitable, particularly for those vaccinated with only 2 doses.
We already know that breakthrough infections can put people in hospital, and almost everyone vaccinated with two doses is probably at high risk of a breakthrough infection now.

Many people who’ve received 3 doses will also be at risk.
cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7…
The omicron variant does not have to cause more severe disease for this to be a big problem.

Because it appears to be extremely contagious, we can expect a huge number of people to become infected (if we don’t take action to prevent this).
Even if only a small proportion become unwell enough to need hospitalisation, this could still break healthcare systems.

A small proportion of a large number of infections is still a big number.

Remember that breakthrough cases can also get long COVID.
So what can we do? A vaccine matched to the omicron strain is essential, but that will take time to manufacture and distribute.

We need a solution now.

Fortunately, high-quality masks still work. As does better ventilation, rapid testing, contact tracing, and quarantine.
Governments should fund the mass-production & distribution of KF-94, FFP2, and N95 masks.

Cloth & surgical masks aren’t good enough anymore.

In lieu of governments stepping up, citizens who can afford to buy a better mask should do so. See this guide: masks4all.co/faqs-on-better…
Ultimately, we need to address the policy failures that have led to this situation.

It is not possible to learn to live with COVID-19.

This is a recipe for endless waves of disease, ruined economies, social unrest, and loss of civil liberties.

#SayNoToEndemicity Image
I want to end by emphasising what people can do NOW to stay safe.

First, get your 3rd vaccine dose as soon as you’re eligible.

Second, get a better mask. Surgical masks really don’t cut the mustard anymore.

Get yourself a KF-94, FFP2, or N95 mask today.
masks4all.co/faqs-on-better…

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More from @DrZoeHyde

Sep 23, 2023
Policymakers shouldn’t be trying to manage COVID-19 as if it were seasonal influenza. It’s not and never will be. SARS-CoV-2’s greater transmissibility leads to faster viral evolution. This means waves of disease throughout the year, rather than a single winter COVID season. 🧵
Thanks to vaccination, COVID-19 is far less deadly than it used to be. But a virus doesn’t have to put people in hospital to be disruptive. Leaving aside the issue of long COVID, frequent waves of infection will grind down economic productivity.
Many seem to believe COVID-19 will become seasonal, but why should it? Influenza generally isn’t very transmissible and infects a small number of people each year. There’s plenty of time to design vaccines based on what’s happening in the opposite hemisphere of the globe.
Read 6 tweets
Jul 23, 2023
(1/6) Respiratory viruses are much more likely to spread indoors than outdoors, but outdoor super-spreading events can still occur if the conditions are right.

A new study describes a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak affecting 131 people at a night market. 🧵 Picture of a night market.
(2/6) The outbreak happened when a family of 3 people infected with the omicron BA.5.2 variant visited a night market in Zhejiang Province, China, in July 2022. They spent 1 hour and 4 minutes at the market.
(3/6) On the evening of the outbreak, it was warm (27 degrees Centigrade), humid, and there was very little wind.

Most of the market stalls had big umbrellas and it was crowded. The market had a capacity of 5,000 people.
Read 6 tweets
Jul 22, 2023
Could future vaccines be administered via a patch? Researchers have developed skin patches containing tiny “microneedles” made of sugar and salt which dissolve on contact with skin, painlessly administering a vaccine in the process. 🧵
asm.org/Articles/2022/…
A key advantage of this technology is that a vaccine patch can induce a special kind of immunity in the skin, known as mucosal immunity, which can prevent infection and transmission. Injectable vaccines may only prevent severe disease.
Skin patch vaccines are also likely to have fewer side effects because of the way they slowly dissolve over minutes to hours.

This slow-release formula is less likely to trigger flu-like symptoms that sometimes follow injectable vaccines.
Read 4 tweets
Jul 10, 2023
Imagine if you could rapidly detect COVID-19 in public places by testing the air. Now you can! Researchers have developed a groundbreaking new air monitor that can detect the presence of an infected person in as little as 5 minutes. 🧵
nature.com/articles/s4146…
The compact device, which measures 12 x 10 x 10 inches, has a sensitivity of ~80% and can detect as few as 7 viral RNA copies per cubic metre of air with a resolution of 5 minutes.
The major limitation of the prototype is noise (75-80 dB; similar to heavy traffic), although the researchers are trying to develop a quieter version with low-noise motors and/or sound-proofing.
Read 5 tweets
Jan 1, 2023
And now for something completely different.

Someone I know is a musician & recently released their first album. I think it’s pretty cool, and if you like rock, maybe you will too. 🤘🎸

You can stream the album here: ditto.fm/blonde-zombie-…

Read on to see reviews. 🧵
#NewMusic
Australia’s The Hard Rock Show called it “a really good, solid album - well worth your time.”
Germany’s Hellfire-Magazin rated the album 7.5 out of 10.

🇩🇪 hellfire-magazin.de/cross-eyed-lov…

🇬🇧 🇺🇸 …w-hellfire--magazin-de.translate.goog/cross-eyed-lov…
Read 5 tweets
Jan 1, 2023
A representative survey of US adults in mid-2022 found that 7% had long COVID (4-week definition; using questions developed by the UK’s Office for National Statistics).

One-quarter of these people said their daily activities were impacted “a lot”. 🧵
🔗 academic.oup.com/cid/advance-ar…
Around the same time in the UK, 2.8% of people aged 2 years and older were estimated to be living with long COVID.

🔗 ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulati…
But children are less likely to experience long COVID than adults, and the authors of the US study only surveyed adults.
Read 5 tweets

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