Mike Sowden Profile picture
Dec 8, 2021 13 tweets 7 min read Read on X
It's common for writers under terrifying deadline pressure to rely a bit too much on Wikipedia? Ahem. Easily done. It can't be TOO far wrong?

But a few months ago, researching a newsletter, I learned just how disastrous this can be.

An alarming 🧵 with good, hard LOLs:

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I'm old enough to remember t'days before t'Internet (black & white, everyone walked really fast, piano music etc) so I can emphatically say I love Wikipedia.

An encyclopedia edited by nearly 200,000 people - and it's *readable*? (And democratic?)

I'm a fan.

But...

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OK.

Have you heard of the Bicholim conflict?

It's an obscure 17th-Century war that raged between the Portuguese rulers of Goa, western India, and the neighbouring Maratha Empire.

Don't look for it on Wikipedia, though. It's not there.

Not *now* it isn't.

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In late 2012, a Wikipedia editor called ShelfSkewed (thankfully a pseudonym) started investigating the sources listed at the bottom of the article on that battle.

He found many of the links led him back to one place: the article he was editing. A perfect loop.

Ruh-roh.

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He reported in:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia…

A hoax, then. A huge one: 4,200 words. Convincing as all hell...

Which is why it'd evaded detection for *5 years*.

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There are over 6,300,000 articles on Wikipedia - so it's a testament to how hardworking its editors are that these kinds of hoaxes are rare.

But holy hell, when they're this good, they go under the radar for *years*.

Sometimes a decade or more. (!)

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To Wikipedia's immense credit, it has a page listing all the known hoaxes that fooled its editors:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia…

The longest con to date - a fictitious New York tap-dancer - was only uncovered as a fake in August '21, *16 years* after it first went up.

Big yikes.

7/
The ones that survived for 10+ years include:

- a fictitious British slapstick TV gameshow
- a spurious type of Norwegian associated football
- a bogus medieval torture device
- an imaginary HBO miniseries (Sheer Perfection)
- a nonexistent French actor & opera singer.

8/
But all this is encouraging, because we can see it.

A century back when paper encyclopedias were the repositories of general knowledge, we didn't see the edit-wars (where they existed)...

Which is a shame, because the modern ones are glorious fun:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia…

9/
"Even experienced Wikipedians lose their heads & devote every waking moment to edit warring over the most trivial thing...debating topics of no practical value, wrestling over questions whose answers hold no practical consequence. This page documents our lamest examples."

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If you find all this as life-affirmingly ridiculous as I do, I wrote a longer thing you may enjoy:

everythingisamazing.substack.com/p/week-2-2-is-…

Uncovering these delightfully daft/mocking Wiki edits was a highlight.

11/ ImageImageImageImage
And this is damn good advice from @semi_rad:

"I don’t have any hacks or tricks that have changed my life. But I did, several months ago, delete some apps from my phone and then download the Wikipedia app, and move it to the home screen."

Well worth it.

semi-rad.com/2021/10/i-reco…
UPDATE: thoroughly delighted to see that formerly-mentioned piece by @semi_rad is now up at @outsidemagazine:



Also: twitter.com/depthsofwiki hauls up the weirdest & daftest stuff on Wikipedia. If you like this whole thread, you'll madly love this account.

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More from @Mikeachim

Mar 19
I thought I knew the story of the "lost world" off the east coast of Britain, inhabited by Mesolithic people until rising sea waters engulfed it around 8,000 years ago...

But I didn't know about the *tsunami*.

Holy hell.

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What follows is my imperfect grasp of things.

Imperfect because I'm just an enthusiast who likes science - and also imperfect because, excitingly, the work is still going on, as part of one of the greatest prehistoric archaeological investigations in history.

2/ Image
One September night in 1931, the British vessel Colinda hauled up its nets 25 miles off the Norfolk coast - and found something beautiful & deadly.

Embedded in a lump of peat was this 8.5 inch prehistoric harpoon, carved from bone or antler...

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Read 18 tweets
Mar 18
When I wrote about the Zanclean Megaflood filling the Mediterranean in 12-18 months (!) it was wistfully.

I'm English. Lovely place, England! But - Big Geological Drama? Not round 'ere, sadly.

Imagine my delight at what geophysicists have found in the English Channel!

1/ Image
500,000 years ago, Britain was still part of the continental European landmass via a land-bridge - the Weald-Artois anticline, formed as rock buckled across Europe as the African plate ground northwards over tens of millions of years.

(This also made the Alps!)

But...

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...surely it was nibbled away gradually, as water crept in over thousands of years?

That was the assumption until recently.

But in 2015, bathymetric data collected by marine geophysicists at Imperial College showed 36 underwater “islands” suggesting a different story!

3/ Image
Read 11 tweets
Mar 10
I recently learned something amazing about the Arctic - & my tiny mind is blown.

In my ignorance, I've always believed it's featureless & barren. But now I've learned what's underneath it - & if THAT was on dry land, it'd be a wonder of the modern world.

Buckle up!

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This is Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765): Russian polymath, scientist, writer - a lesser-known Isaac Newton.

He discovered the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions, first saw Venus has an atmosphere, founded some of the key principles of modern geology...

2/ Image
...and a town, a lunar crater, a *Martian* crater, a satellite, a porcelain factory (!) and an asteroid have all been named after him.

And at some point, as legend has it, he predicted there was something MASSIVE under the Arctic ice.

3/ Image
Read 18 tweets
Mar 9
OK, this is nuts.

In Sept 2023, geophysicists over the world started monitoring an odd signal coming from the ground under them.

It was recorded in the Arctic, then Antarctica - then everywhere, every 90 seconds, regular as a metronome - for NINE DAYS.

What the HELL?

1/ Image
In seismology, this is a USO: an Unidentified Seismic Object.

Perhaps if this discovery had leaked into mainstream news as quickly as potential alien biosignatures tend to do, we’d currently be seeing a big comeback for the HOLLOW EARTH ‘theory’.

Thankfully not the case!

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Instead, in the best collaborative tradition of modern science, researchers across the globe - 68 scientists from 40 institutions in 15 countries - joined forces to track down the signal’s source.

What they found was astonishing!

(Yes yes, I'm getting there.)

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Read 11 tweets
Mar 8
A while back, I learned something mindblowing about the geological history of the Mediterranean Sea, and I just can't get it out of my head.

Now I'm going to make it *your* problem too. Sorry.

Hang onto your hat. This gets wild.

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This is the Strait of Gibraltar, where Europe and Africa reach out to almost touch each other.

At this point there's only 13km/ 8 miles between them - & it's where the Med feeds into the Atlantic.

Imagine if something absurdly violent happened & it closed up?

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No need to imagine - because it actually did.

It's called the Messinian Salinity Crisis, & it happened around 5-6 million years ago:

After a presumably colossal tectonic shift, the Pillars of Hercules closed (or more correctly were bridged)...

3/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messinian…Image
Read 16 tweets
Nov 8, 2022
On the 21st July 1976, NASA released the very first colour image taken by the Viking 1 lander from the surface of Mars.

And....wait, what?

The Martian sky is BLUE?

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This is obviously not what anyone was expecting. Mars is...

Well, you can see it for yourself on a clear night, with your naked eye. It's noticeably red - about as red as Betelgeuse, tenth-brightest star in our night sky.

No blue. So - what? WHAT?

2/ ImageImage
The Martian atmosphere just isn't thick enough to be blue - just 600 pascals, vs the Earth's 101,000.

That scene in "The Martian" where the rocket's in danger of being blown over? No, sir. Not enough punch to it: space.com/30663-the-mart…

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Read 22 tweets

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