1/7
"Factory gate prices in China are far outpacing consumer prices, signaling a gulf between weak domestic demand and strong overseas demand that is powered in particular by U.S. hunger for China’s manufactured goods."
wsj.com/articles/boomi… via @WSJ
2/7
This is a point too easily overlooked: while strong US demand might explain surging Chinese exports, contrary to what most analysts seem to think it does not explain a surging Chinese trade surplus.
3/7
In principle, surging Chinese exports should raise the income of workers in the manufacturing sector, which should in turn raise Chinese household consumption, and this is turn should cause imports to rise broadly in line with exports.
4/7
This is just another way of pointing out that for any country, what drives a rising trade surplus is not rising exports but rather a rising gap between savings and investment.
5/7
What really seems to be happening, in other words, is that while domestic demand is surging in the US, mainly because household income is surging, it is declining in China, mainly because the growth in household income has lagged GDP growth.
6/7
China's surging trade surplus and the surging American trade deficit together reflect the gap between growth in US household income and growth in Chinese household income – relative to their respective GDPs.
7/7
Put another way, rising demand in the US is partially balanced by a rising demand deficiency in China, and this manifests itself as rising trade imbalances in both countries.
Zhou Xin's proposal would help rebalance demand, but it's unlikely to be implemented.

scmp.com/comment/opinio…

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More from @michaelxpettis

21 Dec
1/8
"One of the myths of financial globalisation is that it enforces macro discipline," says Dani Rodrik. The myth, in other words, is that foreign capital (i.e. bond vigilantes) rewards good fiscal and monetary policy and punishes bad.
ft.com/content/4a7303…
2/8
In fact it seems to do no such thing. "Turkey’s economic experiment," Rodrik points out, "ran much longer than it should have, thanks to the more elastic supply of finance. The economic costs will be larger as a result."
3/8
Rodrik of course is right. Financial globalization would enforce macro discipline only if the bulk of international financial flows consisted either of straight trade financing or of careful, long-term capital looking for its most productive uses around the world.
Read 9 tweets
19 Dec
1/4
Former PBoC governor Zhou Xiaochuan on Chinese trade-related subsidies: "In China, subsidies are mainly granted by local governments."
caixinglobal.com/2021-12-18/wee…
2/4
He continues: "The central government doesn’t wish to provide such subsidies. It is on a tight budget. But as the central government usually allocates a lot of funds to local governments, the latter have the money to offer subsidies."
3/4
He concludes: "If the central government does not want these actions to continue, it has the power to correct them. It can do so through, for example, a budget review mechanism to encourage local governments to spend their funds more effectively."
Read 4 tweets
19 Dec
1/4
It is worth looking back at old articles to remember how – for example nine months ago when this article was published – Beijing had seemed determined to bring debt under control, even if that meant sacrificing growth.
caixinglobal.com/2021-03-12/in-…
2/4
As Caixin reminds us, last year Beijing had "opened the debt spigot" because of Covid-19 and had put aside "its long-standing commitment to tackling the mountains of debt and hidden financial risks accumulated by local authorities from years of investment spending."
3/4
"But now," Caixing continues, "with the recovery on solid ground and GDP growth expected to rebound to at least 6% this year, dealing with record local government borrowing is firmly back in policymakers’ crosshairs as they refocus on long-term priorities."
Read 4 tweets
19 Dec
1/4
"Chen Yulu, deputy PBOC governor, said China should build all kinds of 'firewalls' to guard against systemic financial risks, while also increasing the effectiveness of financial regulation."
scmp.com/economy/china-… via @scmpnews
2/4
The PBoC is extremely worried about China's vulnerability to changes in external monetary conditions and wants to implement "safeguards" that protect the domestic financial system from the possibility of external disruption.
3/4
Safeguards, of course, is just another name for capital controls. The irony is that Beijing wants to increase the role of the RMB as an international currency while at the same time rejecting the risks that come with it.
Read 4 tweets
19 Dec
1/6
They may not be allowed to call it the Chongqing model, but in the December economic work conference, "affordable rental housing for low- and middle-income households was put ahead of the development of commercial housing by private companies."
asia.nikkei.com/Editor-s-Picks…
2/6
If Beijing is really able to switch property investment massively away from empty luxury apartments and into affordable housing for the poor, it will take what in my opinion would be the single most effective step it can take towards rebalancing the economy.
3/6
This doesn't come without risk of course, not the least of which is to pop the real estate bubble – with all of the political and financial problems that entails – but after encouraging the world's biggest real estate bubble in 40 years, at least it won't be getting worse.
Read 6 tweets
16 Dec
China to Boost Outbound Investment to Try to Curb Strengthening Yuan caixinglobal.com/2021-12-16/chi…
2/3
So much money has entered China in the past two years through the trade and financial accounts that the RMB is up 7.5% against the CFETS basket, and would be up a lot more if state-controlled banks hadn't run up large net dollar positions.
3/3
In addition to various moves to encourage outflows the PBoC is also trying to talk down the RMB, but I suspect it will remain strong for many more months, perhaps even through next year.
Read 4 tweets

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