44 years ago today, the BBC aired its latest science fiction series. Dark, violent and dystopian it pitted a group of criminals against a neo-fascist Federation in a doomed battle for survival and freedom.
Blakes 7 (no apostrophe) was unique. Created by Terry Nation, it was more George Orwell than George Lucas. Story arcs were long, morals were hazy, lead characters were gruesomely tortured or killed off. Cynicism, ruthlessness and paranoia were always present.
Blakes 7 tells the story of political dissident Roj Blake. Brainwashed and used as bait to trap other dissidents he is then tried on false charges and deported to die on a penal colony.
But on the way to prison Blake and fellow convicts Jenna and Avon are sent to salvage a drifting alien spacecraft - The Liberator. Instead they steal it, and rescue Vila and Gan from the sadistic religious cult that runs the prison world - which of course is run by Brian Blessed!
Alien telepath Cally is recruited during Blake's first mission to destroy a Federation communications complex at Saurian Major. Finally, the crew is completed by the sarcastic Orac - a supercomputer too clever to be bothered by human requests.
The Federation is of course determined to find and kill Blake and his crew. The wonderfully evil Supreme Commander Servalan, aided by the cynical war veteran Space Commander Travis, begin to hatch their plans...
In Blakes 7 Earth and its colonies across space are under the jackboot of The Federation. Mass surveillance, mind control and drug pacification are used to deal with dissent.
But Blake's crew are hardly trustworthy. Cynical computer fraudster Avon despises Blake, but depends on him to stay out of the Federation's clutches. Light relief of a sort comes from cowardly thief Vila: he and Avon often scheme heists together.
By the end of 1978 Blakes 7 was drawing audiences of 10 million. It had a sly humour that offset the drama: thieves together with jostling egos looking to steal as well as liberate. It helped that Terry Nation wrote the entire first series with a solid narrative arc.
Series 2 of Blakes 7 saw many changes. New writers such as Chris Boucher and Robert Holmes brought new ideas. Brian Croucher replaced Stephen Greif as Travis as his character turned outlaw. Gan was killed off, Blake became egotistical, and an interstellar war loomed...
By the start of series 3 The Federation was in dissaray after the war with Andromeda. Blake was missing and Avon was now in charge. Two new characters also joined the Liberator: arrogant pilot Del Tarrant and weapons expert Dayna.
Series 3 of Blakes 7 is quite varied: Avon becomes obsessed with Servalan, and a love-hate relationship seens to develop. Other characters are given more space to develop: Vila falls in love, Cally returns home. Jenna, missing since the end of series 2 is all but forgotten.
Tanith Lee wrote the exceptional series 3 episode 'Sarcophagus': a ghost-like spirit takes over Cally and tried to enslave the crew. Blakes 7 could clearly handle fantasy themes as well as traditional sci-fi.
Series 3 ends with Servalan trapped on the exploding Liberator, whilst Avon and crew are abandoned on the planet Terminal. It feels like a fitting end to the show after three years.
But then...
To everyone's surprise a fourth series of Blakes 7 was commissioned for 1981. Bill Cotton, BBC Head of Television, had watched Terminal and enjoyed it greatly. He demanded it continue for 13 more episodes.
Jan Chappell didn't want to return to Blakes 7: her character was killed off and Glynis Barber joined as professional gunfighter Soolin. The show had a new ship, a new producer, a new look and new titles.
Series 4 of Blakes 7 was truly ruthless. Avon didn't care who died: in the episode 'Orbit' he even tried to kill Vila to ensure his own survival. Servalan too is hunted, changing her name to Sleer as she schemes to regain power in The Federation.
The series ends in carnage. Avon finally tracks down Blake to Gauda Prime, where he finds he is a bounty hunter. Scorpio crashes, almost killing Tarrant. The whole thing is a Federation set-up, with Blake possibly complicit in it.
In the end Avon shots Blake dead, unsure if he has been betrayed. Federation troops rush in and one-by-one gun down Avon's crew.
Only Avon is left, standing over Blake's corpse. He smiles, raises his gun, and the scene fades to the sound of gunshots...
Blakes 7 is of its time, which is good: slower plots give more time for the actors to shine and leave space for more complex, political storylines. Remade today it would be too frantic, too clever. It's space opera: overblown sometimes, but still captivating.
Let's leave the last word on Blakes 7 to Avon, as he describes Blake: "They will follow him and he will fight, to the last drop of their blood. Idealism is a wonderful thing, all you need is someone rational to put it to proper use."
More stories another time...
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Over the years a number of people have asked me if I have a favourite pulp film. Well I do. It's this one.
This is the story of Alphaville...
Alphaville: une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution (1965) was Jean-Luc Godard’s ninth feature film. A heady mix of spy noir, science fiction and the Nouvelle Vague at its heart is a poetic conflict between a hard-boiled secret agent and a supercomputer’s brave new world.
British writer Peter Cheyney had created the fictitious American investigator Lemmy Caution in 1936. As well as appearing in 10 novels Caution featured in over a dozen post-war French films, mostly played by singer Eddie Constantine whom Godard was keen to work with.
Al Hartley may have been famous for his work on Archie Comics, but in the 1970s he was drawn to a very different scene: God.
Today in pulp I look back at Hartley's work for Spire Christian Comics - a publisher that set out to spread the groovy gospel...
Spire Christian Comics was an offshoot of Spire Books, a mass-market religious paperback line launched in 1963 by the Fleming H. Revell company. The point of Spire Books was to get religious novels into secular stores, so a move into comic books in 1972 seemed a logical choice.
The idea was to create comic book versions of popular Spire Books like The Cross and the Switchblade; David Wilkinson's autobiographical tale of being a pastor in 1960s New York. It had already been turned into a film, but who could make it into a comic?
It was a phenomenon, spawning a franchise that has lasted over fifty years. It's also a story with many surprising influences.
Today in pulp I look back at a sociological science-fiction classic, released today in 1968: Planet Of The Apes!
Pierre Boulle is probably best known for his 1952 novel Bridge On The River Kwai, based on his wartime experiences in Indochina. So it was possibly a surprise when 11 years later he authored a science fiction novel.
However Boulle had been a Free French secret agent during the war. He was captured in 1943 by Vichy forces in Vietnam and sentenced to hard labour. This experience of capture would shape his novel La Planète Des Singes.
Today I'm looking back at the work of British graphic designer Abram Games!
Abram Games was born in Whitechapel, London in 1914. His father, Joseph, was a photographer who taught him the art of colouring by airbrush.
Games attended Hackney Downs School before dropping out of Saint Martin’s School of Art after two terms. His design skills were mainly self-taught by working as his father’s assistant.
Today I'm looking back at the career of English painter, book illustrator and war artist Edward Ardizzone!
Edward Ardizzone was born in Vietnam in 1900 to Anglo-French parents. Aged 5 he moved to England, settling in Suffolk.
Whilst working as an office clerk in London Ardizzone began to take lessons at the Westminster School of Art in his spare time. In 1926 he gave up his office job to concentrate on becoming a professional artist.