Apart from Swami Vivekananda's words, it was Sri Aurobindo's writings/words that helped Bose work out a reconciliation between Spirit and Matter, between the spiritual quest and the quest for freedom.
Excerpt from: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”
When Nehru was growing up, he had the luxury of a tennis court and a swimming pool that his father had bought and refashioned. Nehru was educated at home: first by two English governesses and then by F.T. Brooks, a young Irish-French theosophist, recommended by Annie Besant.
All the efforts of a renowned Sanskrit scholar Ganganatha Jha went in vain to teach Jawaharlal the classical Indian language. Instead, he imbibed a love for reading and English literature.
Excerpt From: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”.
Nehru, along with other young members of Congress, wanted to pass a resolution for Independence in an annual session of Congress in 1928. Gandhi did not approve of the independence resolution and wrote to Nehru.
After Gandhi threatened to publish their correspondence in Young India, Nehru decided to withdraw the Independence resolution.
He admitted his debt to Gandhi, and asked him: ‘[E]ven in the wider sphere am I not your child in politics, though perhaps a truant and errant child?’
While Bose addressed her companion Emilie Schenkl as 'Baghini (tigress)', Nehru's feelings for Kamala were best expressed in the last lines of poetry (a poem by Edgar Allan Poe, called ‘To One in Paradise') that he gave to her only months ahead of her passing away.
For a man who held so much in store by public interest, the most painful thing that Subhas had to consider was separation from Emilie. While returning to India, he gave her a love letter which he wanted her to destroy after reading; fortunately, she didn’t. He wrote;
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What if Indian academia is not producing knowledge but staging its simulation?
Vivek Dhareshwar calls it intellectual parasitism. A condition where concepts are consumed without being metabolized.
A thread on his radical vision for a new humanities. 🧵
Intellectual parasitism is not mimicry. It is dispossession.
It is when Foucault, Derrida, Butler are recited like mantras, their concepts floating free of the historical and social wounds that made them necessary.
Theory becomes a fetish. Thinking stops.
In this regime, the classroom is not a site of encounter. It is a theatre of citation.
Learning becomes procedural. Texts are mastered but not suffered. Concepts are deployed but never ruptured. Knowledge circulates without consequence.
How did the British and missionaries react to bare-chested women in South India? A story of colonial morality, caste, and cultural erasure that still shapes our thinking on dress and modesty today.
A thread 👇
A company painting of a basket maker and his wife, late 18th century.
In pre-colonial South India, women—across many castes—often went bare-chested. This was not seen as shameful. It was part of local aesthetics, climate, and caste codes. Modesty had a different meaning.
Enter the British and Christian missionaries with their Victorian morality, which equated nudity or partial nudity with "barbarism" or "backwardness".
The bare-chested woman became, to them, a symbol of India’s moral decay.
"The construction of a mosque on a spot regarded as sacred by the conquered population was meant as an insult… an insult to an ancient idea, the idea of Ram.”
"A convert’s deepest impulse is the rejection of his origins.”
In an interview published in Outlook magazine, Naipaul had said;
"You say that Hindu militancy is dangerous. Dangerous or not, it is a necessary corrective to the history I have been talking about. It is a creative force and it will prove to be so."
"So in India at the moment, you have a million mutinies - every man is a mutiny on his own - and I find that entirely creative. It's difficult to manage, it gets very messy, but it is the only way forward."
Ancient Indian texts (Upavana Vinoda, Kathasaritasagara etc.) talk about two types of gardens.
One attached to a royal place and one that was a public garden.
These gardens were spaciously laid out to include water tanks, flowers, orchard, etc.
Then our historians made Mughals synonymous with gardens in India.
Kautilya's Arthasastra confirms that an expertise in planting trees, shrubs and curating gardens was recognised.
Such plantings are also extolled in the Matsya Purana, in the form of dramas, epics, and poems that contain references to well laid out gardens.
Vatsyayana, in his Kamasutra, the 2nd century Sanskrit text, talks about creating a garden around a house with fruit trees, vegetables, flowering plants and herbs.
The 3rd-4th century Sanskrit text Vrikshaayurveda of Parasara classified plants in considerable detail.