Apart from Swami Vivekananda's words, it was Sri Aurobindo's writings/words that helped Bose work out a reconciliation between Spirit and Matter, between the spiritual quest and the quest for freedom.

Excerpt from: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”
When Nehru was growing up, he had the luxury of a tennis court and a swimming pool that his father had bought and refashioned. Nehru was educated at home: first by two English governesses and then by F.T. Brooks, a young Irish-French theosophist, recommended by Annie Besant.
All the efforts of a renowned Sanskrit scholar Ganganatha Jha went in vain to teach Jawaharlal the classical Indian language. Instead, he imbibed a love for reading and English literature.

Excerpt From: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”.
Nehru, along with other young members of Congress, wanted to pass a resolution for Independence in an annual session of Congress in 1928. Gandhi did not approve of the independence resolution and wrote to Nehru.
After Gandhi threatened to publish their correspondence in Young India, Nehru decided to withdraw the Independence resolution.

He admitted his debt to Gandhi, and asked him: ‘[E]ven in the wider sphere am I not your child in politics, though perhaps a truant and errant child?’
While Bose addressed her companion Emilie Schenkl as 'Baghini (tigress)', Nehru's feelings for Kamala were best expressed in the last lines of poetry (a poem by Edgar Allan Poe, called ‘To One in Paradise') that he gave to her only months ahead of her passing away.
For a man who held so much in store by public interest, the most painful thing that Subhas had to consider was separation from Emilie. While returning to India, he gave her a love letter which he wanted her to destroy after reading; fortunately, she didn’t. He wrote;

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More from @Anuraag_Shukla

7 Jan
A forgotten historian: Bindeshwari Prasad Sinha

A historian specializing in ancient Indian history, Sinha was a professor and head of the Department of History and Archaeology at Patna University. He was also the founder of Bihar state's Directorate of Archaeology and Museums. Image
Born in Bihar Sharif in 1919, Sinha obtained an M.A. degree from Patna University and a Ph.D. from SOAS, University of London in 1948. His guide was Lionel Barnett, and his thesis was on the topic Decline of the Kingdom of Magadh. Image
Sinha is known for having carried out the first excavations at Vikramashila, the site of an ancient Buddhist monastery established in the 8th century CE. He also carried out excavations at Chirand, an archaeological site in the Saran district of Bihar.
Read 5 tweets
5 Jan
One less talked about aspect of Russia achieving enormous gains in literacy and education between two world wars was its policy of "korenizatsiya", trans as indigenization, or literally "putting down roots".

Mental Calculations in the school by Nikolay Bogdanov-Belsky. 1895.
Under this policy, which lasted from the mid-1920s to the late 1930s, the communist government promoted the development and use of various mother tongues (other than Russian) in the government, the media, and education.
An education in native-language education not only increased the overall literacy rate in Russia but also revolutionized its science and mathematics output tremendously (including in social sciences). Many great names were the products of this policy of Korenizatsiya.
Read 4 tweets
3 Jan
This. 👇

"Choosing what books to read becomes itself a moralistic enterprise, a form of atonement. One must read postcolonial literatures to pay the guilt tax. It is a reading toll that the student of the White Literature syllabus is not asked to pay."

thepointmag.com/criticism/beyo…
"Of all the literature courses students take, the texts they study are supposed to be illustrative: they are used to critique some kind of -ism that is being scolded or praised by the course instructor."
"Postcolonial texts in English literature seem to have two jobs in these syllabi: they either negatively illustrate some form of moral or social misconduct, or they positively represent a “marginalized” culture or geography."
Read 7 tweets
25 Dec 21
Just finished reading this.

This book, by Steven Patterson, tries to systematically trace the idea of honor circulated in the Raj and how it was strategically deployed to sustain the imperial mission.
The dominant ethos of British India after 1857, argues the author, was set by the upper-middle classes (instead of viceroys & governors) who came to dominate the ICS, claiming that their professional training as disinterested civil servants made them the fittest rulers of India.
If viceroys came and went, members of the ICS spent entire careers in India, and their views were often decidedly different from those of the highest elite. These ICS officers transformed themselves into autocrats in India who ostensibly ruled as 'enlightened despots'.
Read 16 tweets
24 Dec 21
"Any true morality is the diametric opposite of self-righteousness - the very thing that so often masquerades for morality. What think often as our morality is indeed a “monstrous perversion” of our ego.”

themarginalian.org/2016/12/05/joa…
Didion on Hollywood liberals;

“The public life of liberal Hollywood comprises a kind of dictatorship of good intentions, a social contract in which actual and irreconcilable disagreement is as taboo as failure or bad teeth.”
Joan Didion on Self-Respect:

"the willingness to accept responsibility for one’s own life.

To have that sense of one’s intrinsic worth which constitutes self-respect is potentially to have everything: the ability to discriminate, to love and to remain indifferent."
Read 7 tweets
23 Dec 21
After the British defeated the Peshwas in 1818, Mountstuart Elphinstone, the new governor, recognized the importance of existing educational networks- and state patronization of education - in the Company’s newly annexed domains.
Noting the “present abundance of people in education,” Elphinstone worried that “unless some exertion is made by the Government, the country will certainly be in a worse state under our rule than it under the Peishwa’s.”
From this position, the governor sketched out a policy for supporting existing vernacular-medium schools throughout the presidency, publishing school books in local languages, and also pursuing a limited program in English language education for Indian school children.
Read 6 tweets

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