1) The word 'Budget' is itself derived from the French word 'Bougette' which means a small purse used for carrying coins. Till couple of years ago, the budget document was still printed and carried in a leather briefcase
2) The practice of presenting the Indian Budget was started by James Wilson in 1869 in the parliament in Britain to explain the colony's finances. One of most popular economists of his time, he also started the magazine 'Economist'
3) The Indian Budget was presented after the British Budget was presented - which was around noon. So over years, the Indian budget became an evening affair. Which we continued until 1999 where the budget was presented at 5pm!! Yashwant Sinha broke the tradition in 2000! :)
4) The Halwa ceremony happens one week before the budget where Halwa is prepared in a large Kadai & distributed & the officials are then locked in the basement of the parliament, with no phones, internet or any type of connection to the outside world, not even to their families
5) Many finance ministers have added colour to the budget.
Morarji Desai presented the Union budget for a record 10 times – the most by any Finance minister and was the one who ensured the Budget was a showstopper ceremonial event and not a dull affair!!
6) Manmohan Singh presented the most critical budget in Indian history in 1991 when the Indian economy was brought out its biggest fiscal trouble with several liberalization measures
Heading a minority led government, PV Narasimha Rao & Singh took the boldest measures ever taken
7) P Chidambaram, a multi budget presenter, was famous for including a couplet from 'Thirukural' -famous Tamil Sangam literature work - in all of his speeches that spoke about governance, business etc
Further FMs have continued to use quotes from various literary works since
From being called out in the British Parliament to being presented in All India Radio to being televised and to being covered instantly in Twitter today, the 152 year old Indian Budget has come a long way!! Lets cherish it!
RT if you liked this thread & follow for more! :)
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What is happening in Manipur?
Who is fighting with whom?
Why?
The answer involves history & geography.
A simple explainer 🧵
Manipur is full of mountains. And one large valley in the middle called the Imphal Valley.
The mountains are mainly populated by the Kuki people and the Naga people.
The valley is populated by a third clan - the Meitei people.
2/n
Basis historical evidences, its the Meitei & the Naga who have lived in this area from earlier times. A large expansion of Kuki tribe happened during the British era who encouraged more Kuki settlers to balance power against other tribes as part of their 'Divide and Rule policy'
#OnThisDay July 15th, 1799 - A remarkable discovery of a single slab of stone changed our understanding of human history!
It was the finding of the 'Rosetta Stone' by Napoleon's army while trying to build a fort!
Join me on a history tour to visit this crazy story! 🧵
The story starts all the way around 3000 BC when the ancient Pharaonic Egyptian civilization started. We know the Pyramids & the Sphinx but another major relic from then are the Hieroglyphics - an advanced pictorial script that the Egyptians used in their wall inscriptions!
2/n
It was the main script for communication for those in the Nile Delta for more than 2000 years & it was mainly pictorial mixed with grammar and syllables.
But by 300 BC Egypt was under Greek rule, hieroglyphics was being slowly forgotten for the new Greek & Latin scripts 3/n
Lets say you've a simple well in your backyard. One day suddenly you find out that it's hiding a 1000 yr old historic monument!
Imagine the shock & thrill you'll feel as it unravels
Join me to hear one such actual wonder story in Ep3 of #ArtTreasuresofIndia
Rani Ki Vav! 🧵
First the story. 11thC AD. Modern day Gujarat was ruled by the Chaulukya Dynasty with Bhima I as it's king & Udayamati as it's queen. The landscape was part desert & arid like. Water management was a key priority & creating water bodies was a very royal act! 2/n
As Bhima I died, Udayamati was grieving him. It was the time when everyone built temples. But Udayamati decided to build an inverted temple of sorts. 65m long & 20m wide and 28m deep strucutre!
A step well built by the queen in memory of her king - Rani Ki Vav!
This time we travel back 1000 years ago to look at an artwork of astounding beauty commissioned by Rajendra Chola, the all conquering Chola emperor
Join me on a tour to visit the 'Chandesa Anugraha Murthi' - an Indian art marvel
🧵
First the story. In the Chola country, along the banks of the river Vanni in a small village a pious man Yajnadatta is blessed with a son who is named Vicharasarman.
Vicharasarman was very intelligent & one day he sees the village cowherd beating the cows.
2/n
Angry at him, Vicharasarman takes upon himself to tend the village's cows & his love ends up producing a bounty of milk.
Seeing the excess milk going waste, he builds a sand Linga & starts bathing it with the milk everyday & meditates upon Lord Shiva in front of it
3/n
India is facing a poor monsoon this year with many states with deficit rainfall 😰
One of the main reasons for this worrisome situation is the 'El Nino' weather system which has set in this year
Join me in this Geography Explainer on what El Nino is & how it impacts you! 🧵
First lets understand how monsoons form due to winds from the pacific ocean. The Pacific covers almost half the surface area of earth & affects global climate
In a normal year, warm winds blow across the pacific in western direction - from South America to Aus to Asia
2/n
As summer progresses, these warm winds heat up the ocean near India which leads to more evaporation in these waters & leads to formation of the monsoon cloud systems & we promptly get monsoon rains across the country at the start of June