WALTON, LAHORE – The tale of the long-lost school that nurtured each of the 556 pilots and observers that were commissioned in the IAF between 1940-43, an unfortunate connection to Wg Cdr Jumbo Majumdar, DFC & Bar, and a British Scouts leader Hogg. #IAFHistory (1/12)
A landing strip at Walton was created in 1918 and named Northern India Flying Club in 1920. In 1933, the creator of Walton Railway Training School, Sir Colonel Cusack Walton was asked to head the flying club and by 1935, this flying strip was given the name ‘Walton Airfield(2/12)
When the IAF expanded in 1939 through the introduction of the IAF Volunteer Reserve they set up "Initial Training School" at Walton. The IAFVR was comprised of officers who had undergone flying training at civil flying clubs and some were civil flying license holders. (3/12)
Critical to ITS formation was Wg Cdr Hogg, OBE, who as the Chief Commissioner of Scouts had spent a lifetime of social service in the province and was keen to dovetail his lifework into the war effort. Together with British and Indian monetary support.. (4/12)
Hogg was able to build a fine park with swimming pools, gym, and playing-grounds, at Walton. This video from 2:30 to 6:30 sums it all up. Sadly, on 20th June 1942, Wg Cdr Hogg was shot dead during a robbery attempt on the Kalka-Simla Railway. (5/12)
The ITS at Walton started the course with flying training on the Tigermoth. The first course to undergo training was 4 PC commencing 1st August 1940 till about 15th November 1940. The school was commanded by Sqn Ldr Hogg till June 1942 along with British Instructors. (6/12)
By May 41, after the 7th Pilot course, the intake changed to cadets without flying experience. Therefore the role of ITS underwent a change from initial flying to offering service and ground training before these cadets moved along to other flying training establishments. (7/12)
In Dec 1941, Sqn Ldr Jumbo
Mazumdar was flying through Lahore on his way to Burma, refueling at Walton, with the whole of the No. 1 Sqn. He decided to have a 9 aircraft formation low over Walton and enthralled the cadets. (8/12)
On 17 Feb 1945, Jumbo took part in a flying display at Walton in a Hurricane, the ac developed a snag and crashed, killing him. This epitaph appears on the headstone of his grave at Lahore - "Go, passers-by and do if you can as he did A Man's part In defence of liberty." (9/12)
After Hogg's death during a train robbery, the school was renamed Initial Training Centre (ITC), with a new CO - Wg Cdr Norman Arthur Napier (NAN) Bray, who had been the first CO of No 3 Sqn, IAF. Soon the ITC moved to the Parsee Orphanage at Poona and was renamed ITW. (10/12)
In July 46, they found a new home for ITW - Coimbatore where it has remained, though now called AFAC. In July 1949, the last of the Pilot Courses completed its training at ITW It was thus the unbroken sequence of having the initial training for pilots at ITW ended. (11/12)
In a recently published article in The Dawn, it seems Walton may not last longer - dawn.com/news/1623976 (12/12)
1/ There's growing confusion between two important systems:
👉🏽 Akashteer
👉🏽 IACCS
Both play crucial roles in India’s air defence.
But let’s be clear — they operate at different altitudes — literally and metaphorically.
Here’s how 👇 (1/8)
#IAFHistory
But, let’s get some history, geography and law right.
History: The Network Centric Warfare (NCW) concept was first developed by Vice Admiral Arthur Cebrowski (US Navy) and John Garstka in 1998. It envisioned linking forces digitally to enhance situational awareness and increase warfighting effectiveness.
2/
📕 Let’s talk law — the Union War Book is India’s master document on war responsibilities.
Until 1993, there was no single agency for air defence.
Each service did its bit, and consequently the Army built up significant frontline/terminal AD assets.
Then came a historic shift:
🛡️ “Air Defence of the country is the responsibility of the IAF.”
As we rightly marvel at the IACCS Air Defence system in action earlier this month…
What many forget is that the trigger for IACCS wasn't war.
It was this:
➡️ The Purulia Arms Drop of 1995.
🛩️ Crates of AKs parachuted into Bengal, and no one saw it coming.
🧵👇
#IAFHistory
17 Dec 1995. A Latvian AN-26 aircraft drops weapons over Purulia.
Undetected. Unchallenged.
India was stunned.
A Group of Ministers review followed—and a national embarrassment turned into a call for reform.
At the heart of it: India’s airspace surveillance. 2/
Among the key recommendations -
✅ Procurement of an Integrated Air Command and Control System (IACCS) for the IAF.
Initial approval: ₹585 Cr for 5 systems.
Approved in principle by Raksha Mantri (1999) & CCS (2001).
I promised to be back with the @IAF_MCC and Sargodha love affair.
Yes, @akshaykumar's Sky Force showed 1965 — but let me tell you about 1971.
This time, it was India’s newly formed Top Gun school — TCDTS — that painted the skies above Sargodha.
Buckle up. 🧵👇
What’s TCDTS?
Formed in 1971, the Tactics and Combat Development & Training Squadron was the IAF’s brainchild for fighter combat.
Based at Adampur, it was packed with the crème de la crème — handpicked MiG-21 and Su-7 pilots who’d go on to rewire enemy expectations.
Before war broke out, these elite pilots were already tasked with rewriting air combat playbooks.
But in December 1971, they were ordered to do something unheard of:
Fly low-level night strikes on heavily defended PAF bases — including the crown jewel: Sargodha.
SAVING FISH OIL: THE BATTLE FOR AMRITSAR RADAR, 1965 🇮🇳
29 PAF missions. Napalm. Rockets. Machine guns.
And the first-ever combat use of the now famous L-70 gun— in the world.
Col Mandeep Singh’s riveting account is a must-read. Sharing the highlights 🧵(1/18)
#IAFHistory
During the Indo-Pak war of 1965, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) launched multiple missions to destroy the Indian Air Force's (IAF) radar installation near Amritsar, codenamed 'Fish Oil'. Here's how the IAF's defenses stood firm. 2/
The Amritsar radar, a Soviet-made P-30(M), was operated by 230 Signal Unit and was crucial for early warning, covering deep into Pakistani territory. Its strategic importance made it a prime target for the PAF. 3/
No better time to learn the evolution of India’s shield in the skies. #AirDefenceDay
Sharing #IAFHistory deep dives on how @IAF_MCC built a layered defence — radar by radar, missile by missile.
How we rose to meet tech, tactical, and strategic challenges - blunted raids.🧵
This goes back into time from 1944 onwards when Radars came to use by IAF and ends with how we used them effetively in the 1965 and 1971 Wars, after massive struggles.
After the 1965 war, India’s radar and communication gaps were exposed, especially after losing US assistance. What followed was a remarkable, yet largely untold, story of ingenuity and indigenisation, ADGES as it came to be known!
#OTD in 1993, 25 women aeronautical engineers were inducted into the @IAF_MCC as Pilot Officers. Until then, the only women officers were in the medical branch. Standing tall and resolute, they shattered barriers and paved the way for countless others. (1/7)
#IAFHistory
These 25 young women—engineers from across India—joined the Air Force Technical College (AFTC) in Jalahalli, Bangalore.
They had cleared a rigorous selection process from 25,000 applicants. The IAF was serious. The bar was high.
2/
Their training regime mirrored that of male cadets:
🕔 Report by 5:00 AM
🪖 Drill and parade
📚 Aeronautics and engineering classes
🏃♀️ Physical training and sports
🍽️ Strict mess discipline
🌙 Lights out at 10:00 PM