Indian Scientists from #ARCI have developed a method to produce hydrogen with high purity (99.99%) from a methanol-water mixture at ambient pressure and temperature that uses only 1/3 of the electrical energy required in water electrolysis.
Hydrogen is gaining much attention due to its high specific energy value of 40 kWh/kg as compared to chemical fuels like gasoline, diesel, liquid petroleum gas (12-14 kWh/kg). The most abundant raw material containing hydrogen is water.
Water electrolysis and reformation of
hydrocarbon like methane are common methods for production of hydrogen.
ARCI's method combines both the processes of electrolysis and reformation to produce hydrogen from methanol-water mixture by electrochemical methanol reformation (ECMR) at ambient pressure and temperature.
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DRDO's exploding foil initiator or slapper detonators used in the firing mechanism of nuclear devices
Two types have been developed 1. Ceramic based 2. PCB based
The EFI detonator is similar to d design of an exploding bridge-wire in that a thin foil is exploded by the discharge
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of a high voltage capacitor; however, the energy from the exploding conductive foil (often copper) drives a thin plastic disc (often Kapton) situated on top at 2–5 km s−1.
These detonators r used for vry precise detonation of d multiple explosive lens surrounding the nuclear
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core in a simultaneous manner for supersonic compression along the geometric axis.
✍️Timing accuracies > 10 ns
✍️It is the shock from the polymer disc hitting the explosive that causes the detonator to function.
✍️Essential for SLBM due to the overriding safety factor.