Grimoald was born around 615 to Pepin and Itta. Not long before Grimoald was born, Pepin and other Frankish nobles had conspired with King Clothaire of Neustria to remove the child King Sigebert of Austrasia and Burgundy and his regent, Queen Brunhild. 1/10
With the help of Pepin and others, King Clothaire reunited the Kingdom of the Franks. Initially, Pepin's associates obtained prominent roles in the Kingdom as Mayor of the Palace, while he retained influence on the King's son, Dagobert. 2/10
In 623, Dagobert was made the King of Austrasia, with Pepin as the Mayor of the Palace, the most important official in the Kingdom. Accompanying Pepin was Arnoul, the Bishop of Metz, who became the young King's advisor. 3/10
In 629, King Clothaire died and Dagobert became King of the Franks with his brother Charibert inheriting Aquitaine. Both Pepin and Arnoul would lose their roles in court. Pepin would return as Mayor in 639 after Dagobert died, while Arnoul would retire and become a hermit. 4/10
When Pepin died in 640, Grimoald was poised to succeed him. But it wasn't to be, since the position went to Otto. But he would prove vital for the King against rebelling Thuringia, saving his life in a defeated battle. By 643, Grimoald had got Otto killed and displaced him. 5/10
Grimoald became the Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia like his father before him. Austrasia was ruled by Dagobert's elder son, Sigebert, while Neustria and Burgundy went to his younger son, Chlodovech. The two brothers were in their teens when they became King. 6/10
By the time Sigebert died in 656, Grimoald had gained a strong footing within Austrasia. He was aided by the support of Ansegisel, husband of his sister Begga and son of Arnoul of Metz. He had Sigebert's son exiled and in his place installed his own son, Childebert, as King. 7/10
But, this interference into royalty proved to be Grimoald's undoing. Neustria intervened and captured Grimoald, Ansegisel and Childebert. The details after this are a bit sketchy but by 661, Grimoald had been executed and Neustria had annexed Austrasia. 8/10
Chlodovech's sons gained control over the entire Frankish Kingdom, bringing to end Grimoald's dynasty but another dynasty would gain prominence in the Frankish Kingdom instead. In 679, Ansegisel's son, Pepin, became the Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia. 9/10
In 687, Pepin led Austrasia to victory against Neustria and Burgundy. He became the Mayor of the Palace of Neustria and Burgundy as well as a result. In 751, Pepin's grandson, also named Pepin, became the King of the Franks, bringing to end the Merovingian dynasty. 10/10
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Murad was born in 1404 to Mehmed. Mehmed was the son of Bayezid, the Ottoman Sultan who was captured by Timur in 1402. This led to a period of anarchy in the Sultanate. By 1413, Mehmed had managed to defeat his brothers and take over as Sultan of the entire Sultanate. 1/10
The Ottoman had Sultanate emerged in late 13th century after the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm was defeated by the Mongols. Many beyliks rose up in the Anatolian peninsula, one among which was ruled by the ancestors of Bayezid, Mehmed and Murad. 2/10
Rastislav was born in early 9th century. His father may have been Wistrach and his uncle Mojmír, the Duke of Moravia. Little is known about Rastislav's youth, until 846 when Franks invaded Moravia and installed Rastislav as the Duke of Moravia. 1/10
Moravia emerged as a semi independent state in Central Europe not long after the Franks had defeated the Avars in late 8th century. Moravia was not the first power in the region though. The Slavic states of Samo and of Nitra had lasted briefly during various times as well. 2/10
Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born in 1815 to Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Luise Mencken. Hailing from Schönhausen, the Bismarcks were a prominent noble family of the Kingdom of Prussia, with connections in Pomerania. 1/10
Prussia became a kingdom in 1701, but its major part was Brandenburg in the centuries old Holy Roman Empire. Invasion by the French in early 19th century led to the dissolution of this empire, with many of its regions joining Napoleon backed Confederation of the Rhine. 2/10
Camillo Benso was born in 1810 to Michele Benso, Marquis of Cavour, and Adélaïde Suzanne de Sellon. The Bensos were prominent nobility of Savoy. Camillo also had a distinguishing French connection thanks to his mother and his godmother Pauline, sister of Emperor Napoleon. 1/10
The early 18th century saw the French under Napoleon occupy Savoy. But the Bensos managed to see through it in a favourable manner eventually. Young Camilo's career prospects improved with his appointment as page to Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano in 1824. 2/10
Iaroslav Vladimirovich was born around 980 to Vladimir Sviatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev, and Rogned of Polotsk. Vladimir was initially supposed to rule only in Novgorod, but he had taken Kiev and Dereva from his brothers by 980. 1/10
Iaroslav was given an early charge of Rostov and, later, of Novgorod by 1010. But he sought Kiev and rebelled against his father, when he saw that one of his many brothers may be given Kiev. However, Vladimir died in 1015 and his domain got divided between his sons. 2/10
Birger Magnusson was born around 1210 to Magnus "Minnesköld" Bengtsson and Ingrid Ilva. Magnus was the grandson of the powerful Scandinavian noble, Folke, while Ingrid may have been a descendant of Sverker, King of Sweden in mid 12th century. 1/10
The kingdom of Sweden claimed land on the western and eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea in the 13th century. However, the crown itself was held between two dynasties since Sverker's death in 1156; by Sverker's family and that of Erik who became king after Sverker. 2/10