Gaiseric was born around 389 to Godegisl, a King of the Vandals. In 406, the Vandals, the Alans & the Suevi crossed the Rhine into the Roman Empire. Rome was busy fighting with the Visigoths, but the Franks met them in Gaul and Godegisl got killed in the ensuing battle. 1/10
Gaiseric's brother, Gunderic, succeeded as King. The Vandals and their allies ravaged Roman Gaul, but moved south to the Iberian peninsula. They also had to fight the Visigoths who also made their way to the Iberian peninsula. 2/10
In 428, Gunderic died and Gaiseric became King. Seeking a stable land to rule, Gaiseric took the host of Vandals and Alans he ruled further south, to Africa. Bonifacius, the governor of the Roman province of Africa, may have invited them as allies against Rome. 3/10
But Bonifacius made peace with Rome soon. Gaiseric, however, went against the Roman governor. Bonifacius was defeated and before along, Rome sued for peace. In 435, Gaiseric founded his new Kingdom with the parts of Roman Mauretania and Numidia that he conquered. 4/10
But he wasn't done yet. Although the Vandals became Roman foederati after 435, Gaiseric led them against Carthage in 439. Soon the ancient rival of Rome fell and became Gaiseric's new capital. By 442, Gaiseric was recognized as the master of Roman Africa. 5/10
From Carthage, they also developed mastery of the the Western Mediterranean, capturing Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily and the Balearic Islands. The Romans were powerless on the sea to stop the Vandal fleet. And they were getting powerless on land as well, against others. 6/10
In 455, the Roman Emperor Valentinian was killed and Petronius Maximus seized the throne, married the dead Emperor's wife and got his son to marry Valentinian's daughter, Eudocia. Eudocia, however, had already been betrothed to Gaiseric's son, Huneric. 7/10
It didn't take long for Gaiseric and the Vandal contingent to reach Rome. The city was plundered and the new Emperor killed. Eudocia and Huneric eventually got married, while Gaiseric returned to Africa with the loot. 8/10
Rome recovered briefly under Julius Valerius Majorianus, but when he went into fight against the Vandals, it was Gaiseric who prevailed on the sea near Cartagena in 461. Majorianus would soon be deposed and the Roman Empire in the West would soon collapse. 9/10
The Roman Empire in the East also attempted to check Gaiseric, only to meet with defeat in 468. On his death in 477, Gaiseric was succeeded by his son, Huneric. The Vandal Kingdom of Africa lasted till 534, when Constantinople finally annexed it. 10/10
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Murad was born in 1404 to Mehmed. Mehmed was the son of Bayezid, the Ottoman Sultan who was captured by Timur in 1402. This led to a period of anarchy in the Sultanate. By 1413, Mehmed had managed to defeat his brothers and take over as Sultan of the entire Sultanate. 1/10
The Ottoman had Sultanate emerged in late 13th century after the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm was defeated by the Mongols. Many beyliks rose up in the Anatolian peninsula, one among which was ruled by the ancestors of Bayezid, Mehmed and Murad. 2/10
Rastislav was born in early 9th century. His father may have been Wistrach and his uncle Mojmír, the Duke of Moravia. Little is known about Rastislav's youth, until 846 when Franks invaded Moravia and installed Rastislav as the Duke of Moravia. 1/10
Moravia emerged as a semi independent state in Central Europe not long after the Franks had defeated the Avars in late 8th century. Moravia was not the first power in the region though. The Slavic states of Samo and of Nitra had lasted briefly during various times as well. 2/10
Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born in 1815 to Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Luise Mencken. Hailing from Schönhausen, the Bismarcks were a prominent noble family of the Kingdom of Prussia, with connections in Pomerania. 1/10
Prussia became a kingdom in 1701, but its major part was Brandenburg in the centuries old Holy Roman Empire. Invasion by the French in early 19th century led to the dissolution of this empire, with many of its regions joining Napoleon backed Confederation of the Rhine. 2/10
Camillo Benso was born in 1810 to Michele Benso, Marquis of Cavour, and Adélaïde Suzanne de Sellon. The Bensos were prominent nobility of Savoy. Camillo also had a distinguishing French connection thanks to his mother and his godmother Pauline, sister of Emperor Napoleon. 1/10
The early 18th century saw the French under Napoleon occupy Savoy. But the Bensos managed to see through it in a favourable manner eventually. Young Camilo's career prospects improved with his appointment as page to Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano in 1824. 2/10
Iaroslav Vladimirovich was born around 980 to Vladimir Sviatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev, and Rogned of Polotsk. Vladimir was initially supposed to rule only in Novgorod, but he had taken Kiev and Dereva from his brothers by 980. 1/10
Iaroslav was given an early charge of Rostov and, later, of Novgorod by 1010. But he sought Kiev and rebelled against his father, when he saw that one of his many brothers may be given Kiev. However, Vladimir died in 1015 and his domain got divided between his sons. 2/10
Birger Magnusson was born around 1210 to Magnus "Minnesköld" Bengtsson and Ingrid Ilva. Magnus was the grandson of the powerful Scandinavian noble, Folke, while Ingrid may have been a descendant of Sverker, King of Sweden in mid 12th century. 1/10
The kingdom of Sweden claimed land on the western and eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea in the 13th century. However, the crown itself was held between two dynasties since Sverker's death in 1156; by Sverker's family and that of Erik who became king after Sverker. 2/10