croissant Profile picture
Feb 25 19 tweets 6 min read
If you look on-chain, you might begin to notice some unexpected things.

I’m not talking about any of the latest scams, exploits, or spontaneous events that occur every day…

I’m talking about something much bigger. 𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘴.
Stablecoins have taken the entire space by force, sucking up tens of billions of dollars worth of value in DeFi with them.

They are becoming the one giant elephant in the room.

It’s the qualities of the blockchain which make them so attractive to users.
They are propelled in market cap by pure forces of nature thanks to their high demand, interoperability, and ease of use.

& there are now many iterations of these tokens, most home to ETH, all using different mechanisms to remain stable.

Examples: DAI, MIM, USDC + many others.
Where it gets even more interesting although, is when looking at the economies they empower.

Complete economies are forming, varying in both span and size, with no central location & a mind blowing number of real world use cases.

Some are even entirely different than others…
Take for example DAI, a stablecoin for MakerDAO. DAI is pegged to $1, and it can be minted by depositing collateral in smart contracts.

Users will typically deposit ether, borrow DAI, & then put it to use for yield in DeFi.

Since last year, DAI has increased $8B in market cap.
Then there’s things like MIM, which compounds existing DeFi legos for its stablecoin.

MIM takes an interesting approach, accepting interest-bearing tokens from CVX, CRV, or YFI as collateral to mint it.

This lets users get a loan while retaining exposure to high DeFi yields.
There are also more specific protocols like sUSD.

sUSD is a synthetic stablecoin from synthetix which can be obtained by staking SNX in smart contracts.

This stablecoin can then be used to trade synths on the market, with the token acting as debt obligation on the protocol
& if we 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 wanted to experiment with it, we could try out RAI.

Take any basket of assets & shock volatility with the protocol founded by Reflexer Labs.

The framework aims to remove the governance aspect entirely, relying on nothing but code and a PID controller.
But my point of this thread wasn’t to go over the basic designs of existing stablecoins, it was to point out the unique qualities of these digital tokens.

We’re talking about thousands of project-specific (or generalized), digital currencies, that may change things forever.
The underlying equation changes significantly when users 𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘯’𝘵 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 “𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘩 𝘰𝘶𝘵.”

Stables essentially allow for a closed-loop ecosystem.

Hypothetically speaking:

If everyone in the world used DAI, no one would ever feel the need to settle in fiat.
So… We’ve established that ETH has a bunch of stablecoins… Now what?

Well, on top of double digit yields, what if we then threw virtual items, digital scarcity, & ownership into the mix?

Ethereum can tokenize real life items, services, & many previously intangible items…
I mean- people are even spending hundreds of thousands on virtual land in the Metaverse.

This will eventually expand to services, commodities, & things people aren’t even looking at as an investment.

It’s just another way to transact with currency, in a digital native way.
In fact, its an even better way of doing so than any traditional method.

All the younger generations are familiar with PayPal, Venmo, and CashApp.

This time, it’s not limited to people in the United States, or just those with a bank account.
Anyone with access to the internet is able to transact with value across the world in a matter of seconds.

No middlemen, no routing numbers, no bank accounts, no social security numbers.

For all of these reasons, you’ll note something distinct in the top stable coin protocols.
The market capitalization and exponential growth of these charts look like something out of every trader’s dream.

It’s only up, even after a 50%+ dump across the market…

Meanwhile, the percent of supply locked in different smart contracts increases or stays the same.
Here is the market capitalization of DAI next to the percent of supply in contracts.
Now the market capitalization of USDC next to the percent of its supply in contracts:
& the market capitalization of USDT next to the percent of its supply in contracts:
From the statistics above, I hope at least one thing is clear.

We have severely underestimated the power of stablecoins and their characteristics.

It’s no longer about “cashing out”, it’s about transacting with digital value on the internet.

I hope you all enjoyed! 🥐

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More from @CroissantEth

Feb 8
The following thread is the culmination of countless hours of research .@PastryEth & I have dedicated to the ETH ecosystem during our time as pastries.

In it we'll attempt to simply explain the hundreds of brilliant, funky & sometimes rather unconventional dApps in DeFi. (1/107)
We split this write up into broad categories and detail each of their subcomponents in no particular order.

Let us now introduce you guys to my list of the most innovative and unique protocols existing on Ethereum...

note: there is a quiz at the end, so pay attention. (2/107)
PART ONE: DECENTRALIZED FINANCE (3/107)
Read 107 tweets
Feb 4
On October 14th, 2021 it was just your ordinary day in DeFi.

Everything was eerily quiet… Then the exploit happened.

Nobody was prepared for the 19 year old math prodigy that was about to rock the world with this $16M attack.
Meet Andean Medjedovic (on the right). He’s a young Canadian mathematician who spends his time writing complex mathematical research…

& in his free time, writes some of the most advanced exploits known to DeFi.
On the cursed Thursday evening of the attack, the Indexed finance team heard the blood-turning words that every DeFi developer fears most:

“Holy shit, Indexed has been attacked.”

$16M was in the hands of an attacker, & the treasury didn’t have funds to cover all of their losses
Read 19 tweets
Feb 2
I have seen people fall victim to impersonators.

I have seen people fall victim to phishing attacks.

I myself have been a victim of many rug pulls.

So… I thought it’d be nice if I listed out the many tips + things I’ve learned to help maximize security while in crypto. (1/x)
The entire security of the blockchain is inherited from a list of just 2048 words.

These 2048 words are randomly generated into strings of 12 words in the list, to create what we call a seed phrase.

This is very important. They are the lifeline to your funds.

Scary, right?
It shouldn’t be.

Even if there were 4B people with 4B Googles running 4B hashes a second, with 4B copies of earth in the galaxy, & 4B copies of that galaxy in the universe, it would still take 37x the age of the universe for anyone to have a 1 in 4B chance to guess a valid seed
Read 22 tweets
Jan 31
There has been a lot of talk about high gas fees on Ethereum, but not enough about layer 2.

These are some crazy platforms that have the ability to scale ETH 100-1000x.

& the best part about all of this? 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘢𝘭𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘺 𝘦𝘹𝘪𝘴𝘵.

Here are some of my favorite… (1/x)
1. Optimistic Ethereum

Optimism is a rollup which can greatly reduce transaction times & fees on ETH by a magnitude of 100x+

It does so by running computations off-chain, bundling tx data in batches then writing to the main chain in the form of calldata

Check it out:
2. Arbitrum One

Arbitrum is also an optimistic rollup, minimizing computation and batching txs on the main chain to reduce gas costs.

The network can scale up to 40 thousand transactions per second, while offering the same security as Ethereum.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 26
Ever since I started to get a large following on Twitter, I have been trying to refrain from dropping lots of alpha irresponsibly…

I am always wary of promoting any small projects, aware of the impact I may have.

Today, however. That’s not going to be the case…
Why? It’s time to introduce you to .@theBakeryDAO.

The BakeryDAO is a cumulative effort by a handful of pastries, that we hope will change the NFT and web 3.0. ecosystem as we know it today.

The magic begins with our website: bakery.fyi
If you look closely, this isn’t just your ordinary website.

Using some web3 trickery, we have integrated accounts into the back end via NFTs.

This allows us to monetize special pages across the website, locked to only members of the BakeryDAO (holders of the NFT)

Check it out:
Read 25 tweets
Jan 25
Well, the total market capitalization of the crypto market is down 41% on the month.

Is it finally time for a bear market thread from croissant? Let’s give it a shot… (1/x) 🐻
With tokens reaching several year lows, surely there are other great investment opportunities arising in the real world…

Let’s take a look at stocks.

Oh, the Nasdaq is down 12.7% this month, wiping out many months of single digit gains?

That’s okay. that’s just one example…
By now you’d think all these people would stop using Ethereum so much with gas fees so high & block space getting so undesirable, right?

Mmm, no. Despite extraordinarily high fees, a growing number of users continue to bid to get their transactions included in the next block…
Read 10 tweets

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