Bellingcat has identified multiple examples of cluster munitions being fired into civilian areas of Ukraine, including residential areas, schools and hospitals.
Cluster munitions deploy a large number of smaller sub-munitions over a target, which then spread out and cover an area in explosions. They are often described as an indiscriminate weapon due to the inherently large area they affect.
In Ukraine we have seen examples of cargo rockets used by BM 27 & BM 30 multiple launch rocket systems. These cargo rockets carry the submunitions.
When they hit the ground, the cargo warheads and rocket motors can give an indication of the direction of origin of the rocket.
Over the first few days of the Russian invasion, we have seen multiple examples of their use in areas across Ukraine, including Bucha, Okhtyra, Vvedenka & Trostyanets.
We have also seen multiple examples of their use in civilian areas of Kharkiv.
The direction of origin of these strikes indicate the point of origin was to the north, from Russia and areas currently controlled by Russia.
In a particularly egregious incident, a kindergarten in Okhtyrka appears to have been impacted by a cluster munition, with the cargo warhead landing about 200 metres away.
We continue to collect examples of cluster munition use in the following thread:
Bellingcat’s work in 2025 verified war crimes, exposed deepfake abuse, and challenged disinformation. We want to uncover wrongdoing. We can with your support:
This is how we cut through the digital noise to tell stories that matter. bellingcat.com/donate
We've reported on conflicts around the world — from Myanmar to Gaza, Sudan to the DR Congo, Ukraine and beyond — verifying footage of war crimes, human-rights abuses and attacks on civilians. Read our latest on the reconstruction of Mariupol: bellingcat.com/news/europe/20…
In May we identified the person behind MrDeepfakes — one of the largest providers of non-consensual deepfake pornography. The platform was shut down after the investigation, and politicians from two European countries called for the extradition of its owner. bellingcat.com/news/2025/05/0…
An investigation by Bellingcat and @LloydsList found that Saudi Arabia joined the countries importing grain directly from a sanctioned port in occupied Crimea. Meanwhile Russia attempts to secure recognition of the Ukrainian territory via a US-led peace plan. bellingcat.com/news/2025/12/1…
Using Satellite imagery and Automated Identification System (AIS) data from Lloyd’s List Intelligence we show that a Russian owned bulk carrier sailed from Sevastopol to Saudi Arabia twice in recent months.
On both journeys, the ship turned off its AIS location data, hiding its presence in the port of Sevastopol. But satellite imagery confirms the ship was present at the port’s grain terminal. Satellite imagery: @vantortech
Russian state media are today alleging that a Bellingcat reporter was involved in an attempt to hijack a Russian fighter plane.
We would like to make clear that Bellingcat had absolutely no involvement in the alleged activities and the accusations towards us are entirely false.
The individual detailed in Russian media as a Bellingcat reporter has never worked for us in any capacity and we do not know who they are.
The picture and name in the press pass published in RU media does not depict any of our staff members or contributors. If they exist, we are unaware of them ever engaging with us.
The press pass is also not remotely like any Bellingcat ID or documentation.
The largest aid flotilla in history has been attacked twice in two days whilst in port in Tunisia. Open source analysis suggests an incendiary munition is to blame, contradicting official statements. bellingcat.com/news/2025/09/1…
On September 8 the main vessel in the flotilla, known as ‘the Family’ was struck by what witnesses claimed was a drone. Caught on another boat's camera, a flaming object had fallen onto the Family Boat from above.
Tunisian officials stated that there was “no evidence of any hostile act or external targeting”, claiming the resulting fire was due to “a lighter or cigarette butt”.
A new report by Bellingcat’s Justice & Accountability (J&A) Unit and @GLAN_LAW detailing the use of cluster munitions in civilian areas in Kharkiv at the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine is published today. j-and-a.glanlaw.org/kharkiv
The report is based on 32 in-depth investigations of separate incidents that took place between February and April 2022. It offers one of the most detailed looks yet at the use of cluster munitions against civilian areas in the early stages of Russia’s full scale invasion.
Bellingcat’s J&A Unit worked on this report as a self-contained entity separated (‘firewalled’) from the rest of Bellingcat, ensuring that accountability work was conducted independently from other investigations, preventing possible bias.
On March 23, a convoy of aid workers, traveling in vehicles marked with emergency flashing lights, was struck by gunfire in Gaza. Bellingcat used video footage of the incident to perform an audio analysis of the shooting. bellingcat.com/news/2025/04/0…
The rescue convoy made up of aid workers working for the Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS), Palestine Civil Defense and the United Nations disappeared on a road that we geolocated just north of Gaza’s Tal as Sultan neighborhood.
At least four vehicles were present and had stopped beside another vehicle that was located just off the road when the shooting started.