Thread by @TheGUIDON

HAPPENING NOW: Comelec’s 2nd presidential debate takes place in Sofitel. All presidential candidates except for dictator’s son Ferdinand Marcos Jr. are in attendance. | via @maxskang

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Moderator Ces Drilon introduces the candidates and notes Marcos’ absence. | via @maxskang

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LOOK: Marcos’ empty podium.

Screenshot from Comelec livestream | via @maxskang

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Q: PHP 750 billion are lost every year due to corruption. Is corruption due to the shortcomings of government officials or the government’s systems? | via @maxskang

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De Guzman is the first to answer and says that there must be reform in government systems and electoral policies. He pinpoints political dynasties and “trapos” as major factors contributing to continued government corruption. | via @maxskang

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Moreno says that the system is at fault. “To solve it, we must limit human discretion in government transaction by adapting to technology,” he asserts.

He cites similar reforms that he has enforced during his mayoral term in the City of Manila. | via @maxskang

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Moreno says that due to his reforms, the DILG granted the local government units a Seal of Good Financial Housekeeping. | via @maxskang

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Gonzales says that while systemic reforms must be enforced, he also floats the idea of charter change, using the parliamentary system as an example. | via @maxskang

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On the contrary, Lacson says there are sufficient laws and institutions that prevent corruption. He says that the fault lies with government officials and asserts that the necessary leadership by example is lacking in the present government. | via @maxskang

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Mangondato says that the system is outdated and cannot keep up with the present demands of the country. As such, corruption has become endemic in even the local levels of government bodies. | via @maxskang

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Marcos is skipped due to his absence.

Montemayor says that our country’s systems against graft and corruption are watertight. He however concedes that corruption happens due to both shortcomings of the system and the individual. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao takes the chance to decry plunderers in the government and promises to drag them to jail if he is elected President. | via @maxskang

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Robredo says that both the system and government officials are to be blamed for corruption. If she is elected President, her first Executive Order would be to make public all government transactions. | via @maxskang

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Robredo also proposes making a citizens’ charter in order to promote participatory governance. | via @maxskang

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Abella says poverty happens due to deficient government policies. He asserts that there is a need to further integrate civil society in local governance, calling for Filipinos to not just put responsibility on the national government’s shoulders. | via @maxskang

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De Guzman rebuts Lacson’s position on individuals being the root cause of corruption, pointing out that today’s elections still allow for plunderers to be elected into position. | via @maxskang

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Q: Dapat bang manatili ang mga political dynasties? Kung hindi, ano ang solusyon dito?

Abella: Naniniwala po ako na mahalaga na paigtingin natin ang mga political parties. Ang political parties po ay issue-based, hindi personality-based. | via @maxskang

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Abella also calls for increasing voter education and penalizing “turncoatism,” in which politicians are able to switch parties at will. According to Abella, this will help the electorate become more “mature.” | via @maxskang

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Lacson agrees that though political dynasties are constitutionally prohibited, there needs to be an enabling law. In the past, his attempts to file anti-dynasty bills have been blocked in the legislative, he says. | via @maxskang

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Also important to Lacson is a strict definition for what degree of affinity or consanguinity may fall under a “political dynasty,” as this may be used as loopholes. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao says that political dynasties in itself are not evil, but those who are part of families that plunder should be dragged to jail. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao: Unfair naman doon sa pamilya na nagserbisyo naman nang tapat, may nagawang pagbabago sa kanilang lugar, at tumutulong sa taong bayan.

He says that prohibiting dynasties would limit individuals’ constitutional right to run for office. | via @maxskang

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Montemayor rebuts Pacquiao, reiterating that political dynasties are constitutionally prohibited.

Mangondato concurs and says that dynasties, if still allowed to run for government positions, will perpetuate corruption. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao clarifies that he has no issue with prohibiting political dynasties but again raises that it may limit individuals’ right to run for office. | via @maxskang

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Q: Problema ba ang paglipat-lipat ng mga kandidato sa political parties o partylists?

Robredo: Nakakasama ang palipat-lipat ng partido, nawe-weaken ang political party system. Hindi na tinitignan kung ano ang pinaglalaban ng party. | via @maxskang

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Robredo asserts that a law to strengthen political parties must be passed. She says revisiting the necessity of a multi-party system is vital to electoral reform.

Moreover, she says that violators of election guidelines must be held accountable. | via @maxskang

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De Guzman says that “political butterflies” have the interests of big businessmen and capitalist at heart instead of the masses’. He decries regressive tax policies and pushes for a wealth tax. | via @maxskang

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Gonzales says that getting the pulse of the people on economic, political, and social reforms is more important than prohibiting turncoatism or otherwise. | via @maxskang

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Moreno says it is time for the country to consider a two-party system and proposes electing two senators from each region to promote inclusivity in the legislative. | via @maxskang

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Lacson asks the other candidates if they have a suggested solution for these electoral reforms. | via @maxskang

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Drilon poses a follow-up question: Will you agree with giving political parties government subsidies, akin to the system in Germany? | via @maxskang

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Montemayor says that it is very “ideal” but questions where the budget would come from. | via @maxskang

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Q: Nararapat bang repormahin ang sistema ng paghahalal ng partylist system?

Montemayor: Lalong maa-aggravate ang sitwasyon ng mga mahihirap kung mawawalan sila ng representation. | via @maxskang

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Montemayor is against changing the partylist system but calls for the original intention of the partylist system, which is to give marginalized sectors representation in the legislative, to be fortified. | via @maxskang

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Montemayor also pinpoints the lack of constancy among Supreme Court benches across different administrations, saying that court rulings are passed and reversed at the behest of whoever is in power. | via @maxskang

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Moreno: It is high time na tayo’y bumalik sa two-party system.

He also says that the president and vice president must be elected together in order to ensure unity. | via @maxskang

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Gonzales concurs with Montemayor, saying that the original spirit of the partylist system must indeed be returned. | via @maxskang

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Mangondato calls for the abolition of the partylist system as politicians have appropriated these in place of the sectors they are meant to represent. | via @maxskang

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Q: Paano mo sisiguruhin ang kapakanan ng OFWs sa ASEAN?

Pacquiao calls for the use of the Department of Migrant Workers to strengthen OFW welfare. Next, he says to encourage friendly relations with bordering countries as well as the United States. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao also asserts that the Philippines should not give up even a square inch of sovereign territory to China. | via @maxskang

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Montemayor calls for enforcement of official channels to protected undocumented OFWs. Robredo agrees, saying that the government must create programs that incentivizes migrant workers to document their presences abroad. | via @maxskang

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In the short run, Robredo says there must be “portability” of employment benefits for OFWs even as they come back to the country. (1/2) | via @maxskang

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In the long run, the Philippines’ economic situation must improve so that seeking employment abroad will be unnecessary. (2/2) | via @maxskang

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Moreno proposes “tangible programs” such as bilateral agreements and hiring competent officials for the Department of Migrant Workers. | via @maxskang

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Q: How will you convince ASEAN countries to unite against the ongoing militarization of the West Philippine Sea? | via @maxskang

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Gonzales: Sa halip na consensus ang paggawa ng desisyon sa ASEAN, gawin natin na majority decision nalang. | via @maxskang

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Abella says that ASEAN countries are hesitant to confront China because of possible economic repercussions. As such, he proposes levying a statement of cooperation to the ASEAN. | via @maxskang

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Moreno says that the Philippines may find alliances in the United Nations General Assembly and promises to obligate signatory countries to recognize the ongoing issue in the West Philippine Sea. | via @maxskang

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While Moreno will continue to tolerate trade with China, he says he will not tolerate aggressive incidents in order to gain the respect of neighboring countries. | via @maxskang

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Montemayor says that China will continue incursions as neighboring countries are indebted to China.

Robredo agrees that forming a Code of Conduct will be difficult. | via @maxskang

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Robredo says that the country must leverage its Hague ruling. | via @maxskang

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Q: As President, what position will you take on the repression of human rights in Myanmar? | via @maxskang

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@maxskang Mangondato does not directly answer the question regarding Myanmar, instead focusing on the importance of the Philippines’ political will in its foreign policy. | via @maxskang

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De Guzman: Dapat ay maging klaro ang posisyon ng ating pamahalaan sa repression na nagaganap sa Myanmar. Dapat ipapaalala sa ASEAN na dapat irespesto ang karapating pantao ng kanyang mamamayan. | via @maxskang

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De Guzman also points out that the Philippine government itself must respect the rights of Filipino citizens in order to make such a stand. | via @maxskang

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Lacson says that the Philippines, as a country that experienced widespread human rights abuses under Martial Law, must take a stand against the ongoing repression in Myanmar. | via @maxskang

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Moreno: Tama si Senator Lacson. Dapat natin idemanda [sa UNGA] yung kanilang obligasyon. They must come and help us also. | via @maxskang

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Pacquiao: Hindi maganda reputasyon [ng Pilipinas]. Pangit ng imahe natin. Daming korapsyon… Wala tayong boses na magposisyon o mag-suggest. | via @maxskang

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Q: Gaano kahalaga ang karapatang pantao? | via @felicitycsantos

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Abella focuses on the War on Drugs in response to the question. He forwards that the government should focus on reducing the supply and demand of drugs. | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman cites that NTF-ELCAC must be dissolved and the Anti-Terror law be repealed as it creates more division in society. Instead, he recommends that priority must be placed on economic development. | via @felicitycsantos

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Robredo highlights that human rights are inherent and inalienable. On the topic of the war on drugs, Robredo cites prevention and treatments. She also recommends that the Dangerous Drugs Law be revisited. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Ano ang ipapatupad niyong hakbang upang malaman ang katotohanan tungkol sa EJK dala ng giyera laban sa ilegal na droga? | via @felicitycsantos

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Pacquiao acknowledges reports of extrajudicial killings but forwards that the war on drugs cannot be stopped. He says that he will not kill users, but will publicly kill pushers instead. | via @felicitycsantos

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Mangondato says that extrajudicial killings have been happening in Mindanao since before. He affirms that human rights and due process must be upheld. | via @felicitycsantos

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Montemayor insists that no investigation is needed. He also adds that the Anti-Terror Law is a red-tagging instrument. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Will you free Senator Leila de Lima if you become president? | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso guarantees that de Lima will undergo due process if he is elected president. | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman links the case of de Lima to Duterte's characteristic of going after his critics. He says that de Lima must be freed. | via @felicitycsantos

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Pacquiao affirms that due process must happen. | via @felicitycsantos

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Robredo, rebutting the original question on the war on drugs, the focus must be shifted towards supply constriction. She cites the low percentage of supply being curtailed. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Sangayon ba kayo na palakasin ang Commission on Human Rights (CHR)? | via @felicitycsantos

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@felicitycsantos Gonzales says that he is for granting CHR fiscal autonomy. | via @felicitycsantos

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Lacson, citing his experience as the sponsor for the CHR budget, affirms that he will strengthen the commission. However, he says that he cannot grant them prosecutorial powers as this is not in their mandate. | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso says that ample funding must be given to the CHR. | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman clarifies that, for as long as the system is intertwined with big businesses and political dynasties, human rights violations will continue happening. | via @felicitycsantos

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Montemayor says that the CHR is an important accountability body. He says that they should be granted quasi-judicial powers and fiscal autonomy. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Ano ang inyong plano upang mataguyod ang pagtatayo at pagpapalaganap ng "renewable sources" of energy? | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman says that there is already a law but no political will to shift to renewable sources of energy. He cites that the law fails to take climate change into consideration. | via @felicitycsantos

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Robredo says that there is an obligation to COP 26 to be carbon neutral but the roadmap remains unclear. She clarifies that this needs further development by investing and implementing present laws. | via @felicitycsantos

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Abella forwards his flagship project to make agriculture a mega-industry that incorporates the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. He also cites that the youth must participate in nation-building through local peace corps. | via @felicitycsantos

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Montemayor forwards that the Philippines is the recipient of the impact of climate change. | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso says that he will adopt the agrivoltaic system by producing both food and energy. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Ano ang plano mo upang masiguro ang sapat at ligtas na water supply para sa bansa? | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso says that existing cooperatives and large corporations should invest in clean water. If not, he says that he will review their contracts. | via @felicitycsantos

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Gonzales says that there is still time before the depletion of water if action is done through national planning. He forwards that agricultural systems must be built and/or relocated where there is water. | via @felicitycsantos

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Lacson says that there should be more investment in research and development to avoid wastage. | via @felicitycsantos

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Pacquiao says that regulation on management must happen. He cites that a Department of Water should be made. | via @felicitycsantos

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Robredo forwards water resource management as a priority in her platform. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: Paano masisigurong napapangalagaan ang nutrisyon ng mga Pilipino lalo na ang mahihirap? | via @felicitycsantos

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Montemayor cites that the agriculture sector has been disregarded by multiple administrations. If he becomes the president, he says that he will be aggressive in preparing the country for food shortage. | via @felicitycsantos

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Pacquiao says that the focus must be placed on production, distribution, and consumption. He cites that the country has been giving priority to importation while disregarding the livelihood of farmers and fishermen. | via @felicitycsantos

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Mangondato says that the priority of the country should be agriculture. He also cites that the government prioritizes importation over the local industry. | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman says that a portion of the agreement with the World Trade Organization should be frozen in order to focus on local farmers. | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso says that subsidies for farmers must be increased. | via @felicitycsantos

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Q: What is your last message for the viewers? | via @felicitycsantos

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De Guzman says that, for this election, laborers must be given the chance if the Filipinos want change. | via @felicitycsantos

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Moreno-Domagoso says that he still does not know his purpose in this world. Given the crisis faced by the Philippines, he also says that a crisis manager must be elected. | via @felicitycsantos

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Gonzales says that change does not happen quickly. | via @felicitycsantos

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Lacson affirms that the Filipino is still worth fighting for. | via @felicitycsantos

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Mangondato clarifies that he is NOT for same-sex marriage. | via @felicitycsantos

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Montemayor that the country needs unity by setting aside society's differences. He also cites the need for prayer and God's guidance. | via @felicitycsantos

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Pacquiao says that the homeless and jobless be given opportunities. | via @felicitycsantos

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Robredo affirms that true strength does not come from political machinery or money, but from the unity of society. She says that she witnesses this in rallies and house-to-house campaigns driven by hope. | via @felicitycsantos

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Abella says that poverty is caused by incorrect policies. He states that if the Philippines becomes united, this can change. | via @felicitycsantos

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This ends our coverage of the second PiliPinas Debates 2022: The Turning Point. Thank you for joining us!