Longer piece will run tomorrow or Tuesday, but until then, a few thoughts on this constitutional crisis:
Uh, post-Iftar, that is. Ramzan Mubarak 🌙
Have said for a while that it would be in keeping with Pakistan's slow but steady progress as a parliamentary republic that the PM complete his term. 21 other prime ministers came and went, and never could. The vote of no-confidence, while legal, was unprompted by any new events.
Except one: the sound of the same-page tearing. After Notificationgate, the estab put up a big banner of ‘neutrality’. We’ll find out in time, as everyone always does, how true such neutrality was. Regardless, the PTI saw this as a repudiation; N and PPP saw it as an invite.
The no-confidence resolution was submitted on 8 March.
Soon after, the PM spoke of a foreign conspiracy. Per the Speaker’s eventual ruling, Islamabad received a cable on 7 March from Pakistan’s ambassador, who'd met a foreign official.
According to the PM, the official was Donald Lu, an assistant secretary of state for South Asian Affairs in the Biden administration. We still don’t know, beyond what's implied, what exactly was in the cable.
But, as with most Drobama-Biden scolds, whatever Lu said amounted to ‘undiplomatic language’ and ‘blatant interference’, per the National Security Committee. The NSC said it would respond according to diplomatic channels. Press release here: pid.gov.pk/site/press_det…
The NSC handout doesn’t point to parliamentarians as complicit in said interference.
Per PTI voices, that's owing to the 'neutral' language.
But the Speaker’s ruling doesn't go much further either. It says there’s an ‘apparent nexus’ that needs ‘to be clearly settled first’ whether Pakistanis are colluding. It calls for an investigation to determine complicity, ‘if any’ in this ‘unholy venture.’ Doesn't go beyond.
Regardless of what think-tank bros say, we have a history of foreign interference, whether it be Raymonds here or native informants there. In 2011, as determined by the Supreme Court, one ambassador-turned-useful idiot was found writing memos to the US seeking foreign occupation.
But even forgetting the domestic triggers to this vote of no-confidence – from, primarily, the same page falling apart, to Usman Buzdar in Punjab, to PTI-Sugar and PTI-Qabza screaming revenge – the Speaker himself has called it a case for further probe.
So, while it’s hardly unimaginable that the US wouldn’t like a noisy anti-American in charge, and would say so via Donald Lu type droids, neither the Speaker’s ruling nor the law minister have brought on record any material pointing to the local opposition colluding.
Why complicity is important is because the Speaker’s ruling was initiated by the law minister’s reference to Article 5 – loyalty to the state, reproduced here:
Presuming that a foreign conspiracy was set in motion to overthrow the PM, the law minister and Speaker have as yet not provided any material that links the opposition bringing a vote of no-conf. with disloyalty to the state. A probe could have been moved well before 3 April.
Investigation may have proven (or disproven) collusion.
But we only have the facts as they existed on 3 April. And accusing scores of parliamentarians of disloyalty has to be backed up with more than an undisclosed cable that so far doesn’t mention the fact of their complicity.
Similarly, crying treason for the deputy speaker – in a land where even Pervez Musharraf’s conviction was frustrated – mocks Article 6. Treason is for when Musharraf orders mass arrests, kidnaps judges, and forces emergency. Mr. Suri's act, however disastrous, wasn't treason.
We'll turn to the Articles that actually apply.
Mainly, Article 58 (former parent to problem child 58-2-b), where the explanation is clear.
The PM cannot dissolve the assembly when 'a vote of no-confidence has been given...but has not been voted upon.'
So the PTI govt. tried a two-step counter: to get over the vote of no-confidence bar in Article 58, the Speaker would first knock it out of the assembly, and the PM would dissolve the House right after. The Speaker framed his rejection of the motion as 'internal proceedings.'
But, as made plainly clear in 58, no vote had taken place, nor did the Constitution provide for the Speaker to be able to reject such a motion.
Will take up 58, 69, constitutionality, and precedent in the actual piece for the day after. Factual overview for now. 🔼
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The idea that Partition and Pakistan led to a radical India – thus hardly vindicating Jinnah – is an interesting one, as is the idea that things would have been different otherwise.
But this sidesteps the lived reality of both places for a weak counterfactual. Short thread:
The theory is an old one, but is often used to externalize India’s internal tensions. Congress, in dazed retreat since 2014, uses it to justify its own electoral decline. ‘If Pakistan had not been created,’ Shashi Tharoor says, ‘could India become what it is today?'
The first problem is the obvious one: it’s a counterfactual, meaning we have zero evidence. We’ve no way of knowing what would happen if the Archduke had survived, or if the Nazis had won (we do have actual fun facts though: like how Hindutva’s genesis lies in European fascism).
I demonstrate that a 19-year-long occupation that's tried everything and won nothing must stay until it achieves something. We need more war until there is more peace, hence more war. Not leaving forever is not the same thing as staying forever.
The trademark thing about the Bush-Cheney wars was using circular, bureaucratic language to finesse acts of war and death.
'Absence of evidence isn't evidence of absence.'
'Unknown knowns: things you know that you did not.'
Both Rumsfeld gems, harder to fall for in 2020.
This article goes on to argue that staying will help 'maintain the gains made in women’s rights, human rights, and democracy – all values we hold dear.'
Studies show 1 in 3 female soldiers were raped by their male colleagues while in US military service. aljazeera.com/features/2011/…
Pakistan's new hope of the month seems to be Joe Biden, vice-president to an administration that slaughtered the single largest number of Pakistanis in history.
Native informants already urge him to support civil liberties here (which he used to do with Hellfire missiles).
Drone fans reframe this by calling out Pakistanis' (i.e. their own) complicity.
But Musharraf & Co. was a rentier regime that opened up airbases, pointed at maps, and collected 'bounty money' for the citizens it handed over to Bush's black sites.
Pakistanis never wanted this.
Same for Zardari-era democrats, now beholden to public opinion, who lied and lied until WikiLeaks.
That best that drone fans can come up with is that 100s of civilian murders by the Obama admin had brutal Pakistani enablers.
It did. That doesn't change what you're supporting.
It's heartening to see less and less acceptance of old 9/11 era tropes for Pakistan. Think-tanks abroad sadly continue to encourage its study through three prisms: Af-Pak, civ-mil, and the Bomb, with a perverse sliding scale for 'democracy', in use since the Bush days.
Back then, democracy was whatever suited the neocon consensus: rentier land links (Pakistan), sectarian militias (Iraq), even narco-states (Karzai's Afghanistan).
It also magically excluded Pax Americana's elected enemies, like Hamas in Palestine or the Brotherhood in Egypt.
With empire in decline, and Pakistan finally pivoting away from the DC-Langley nightmare it found itself in (see 2011), that worldview is losing relevance. It lingers, however, through what Nesrine Malik more generally calls 'native informants'.
Cover of the weekly Nusrat from 12 January 1969, featuring Malik Meraj Khalid.
This is from the late Marghoob Raza's wonderful collection of left-leaning magazines from the late '60s and '70s, preserved by the generous Mansoor Raza.
This edition brings to mind a few thoughts.
The debate being had right now is whether or not ethno-separatist terrorists – the ones that spend most of their time shooting up buses and killing schoolteachers – deserve the same space as genuine, disenfranchised leftists. It also shows how debased that debate has become.
Not that the left ever had it easy in this part of the world. The religious right was its natural enemy; the cartel class knocked it dead; and military rule was, by nature, reactionary. The eyeball-melting brutality of the Soviets next door didn't much add to the romance.
What drives a historian, one as thoughtful as Guha, to keep crying wolf about an imaginary Pakistan, even as Modi's dollar store Nazis rip apart his own country?
@Le_Sabre54 But on we must go, with this thought experiment.
In fairness to him, Mr. Guha wasn't always this way – he called out whataboutery when he saw it. Here he hints that India's neurosis might not be Pakistan's.