John Ringo Profile picture
Apr 23 20 tweets 4 min read
@TrentTelenko

Okay, a little thread about indirect fire rounds. Just the simple ones. I won't get into scatterable munitions or smart rounds.

Some definitions:

Trench: A narrow trench dug in the ground. Can be short or long.
MOUT: Military operations in urban terrain
1/
Bunker: a hole dug in the ground with overhead cover.
Open: Yer just out there in the open.
Fusing:
VT: Variable Time fuse. This can be either the 'cover' VT which is a proximity fuse or a fuse you set to go off after a certain time.
Proximity: A type of fuse that goes off in proximity to something. In this case we'll be talking about the ground.
Superquick: A fuse that goes off when it hits something.
Delay: A fuse that goes off shortly AFTER it hits something.
That's enough to start.
3/
When you're doing indirect fire (artillery, mortars, MLRS) to target an enemy, vehicle or people, you have to choose THE RIGHT FUSE.

If you choose the wrong fuse it has little or limited value. Possibly none.

'Normal' rounds have one of two effects:
4/
Concussion or fragmentation.
Concussion is obvious. Fragmentation occurs from either the casing of the round (in the case of artillery) or material in the round in the case of rockets and mortars.

Mortars, for example, have steel wire wound into them to create fragments.
5/
Fragmentation is the better system. It hits more enemy. Concussion is useful primarily against hard vehicle targets. When rounds hit tanks, they kill by concussion and the resulting spalling of metal on the interior.
Okay, so we've got all that straight.

When you have troops in the open, your best bet is VT or prox. Prox goes off a few feet off the ground, throwing fragmentation around in a circle. How large depends on the round. But it's a real killer of troops in the open.
7/
Screwing up the numbering. 🤬

VT goes off higher in the air. Normally about forty feet up. That throws fragments down in a circular pattern. Also very good on troops in the open.

Superquick throws out fragments that go up and out in a sunflower pattern.
8/
With superquick, the infantry response is to hit the dirt. The fragments will tend to go up and out. You may survive.

VT and prox are the real killers with infantry. They brutalize infantry and soft skin in the open. But they're useless against any armored vehicle or bunkers.
9/
For armored vehicles, you use superquick. The explosion causes the metal on the inside of the vehicle to 'spall' or throw out fragments of steel inside the vehicle.

You also use superquick on bunkers, mixed with delay. The superquick may collapse the bunker.
10/
The delay, if you're lucky, will penetrate a soft, dirt/wood bunker roof and go off in the bunker killing the personnel within. Or you can just keep hitting with delay and eventually burrow your way in.

Trenches are different story.
11/
With trenches, super-quick will just spray fragments around in the air over the trench unless you land IN THE TRENCH. Very tough to do. Artillery and mortars have a circle of probability to hit. Even then, if the trench is zig-zag, as it should be...
12/
You'll only take out the troops in that section. Probably only a few. With a BIG round, like a rocket, if you land IN the trench, you'll kill more from concussion than frags.

Total waste of a rocket, TBH.

Which is where VT comes in.
13/
With VT, because it is exploding in the air and throwing out fragments, it showers the troops in the trench with frags and takes out a large section. Mostly wounded, but that's enough. The point is to take them out of action.
14/
What Trent's thread was talking about is that the Russians (and Possibly the Ukrainians) are only using superquick and possibly delay. Those are the two simplest rounds to make for indirect systems.
Which is pretty darned useless for trench warfare.
To give an idea how useless:

A reporter in WWII described being under a Japanese aerial bombardment while huddled in a slit trench. He was terrified at first until he realized a Japanese 200lb bomb could explode THREE FEET away from the trench AND HE WAS FINE.
16/

THAT is how useless superquick is on trenches.

Trying to land an artillery or mortar round IN THE TRENCH is like trying to hit a 20 on a dartboard. Blindfolded.

If the Ukrainians get prox or VT rounds and learn to use them and are up against Russians in trenches...
17/
with no overhead... The Russians will get slaughtered.

Oh: MOUT.

Alot of this has been MOUT. (Mariupol.) It depends on the target in MOUT.

The same rules apply to 'In the open'. But for buildings, you use delay or superquick as in a bunker.
18/

Open: VT or prox
Trench: VT
Bunker: Delay/Superquick
Armor: Superquick
MOUT (building): Delay/Superquick

Thus ends the 'ABC of indirect fire' for today.
/end

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