Dr Matthew Ford Profile picture
May 17 11 tweets 4 min read
A thread on narrative & military change.

So @almurray generously referenced my book on small arms in this podcast.

One outcome was a great question from @MarkofCalth on false analyses & military change. That was in relation to SLA Marshall, the infantry & winning firefights.
1/
Since then I discovered this fascinating analysis by @AdrianBonenber1.

In it he pulls apart 3 different narratives of the 2014 Battle of Zelenopillya.

This involved a Russian bombardment of a Ukrainian rear area that led to serious casualties.

2/ 7969.home.blog/2020/12/02/the…
The narratives break down into three: a US description, a Ukrainian and a Russian.

The US narrative of the battle started off as an anecdote in draft analysis and ends up in US Army FM 3-0.

3/
According to the US telling, Russian forces use a combination of drones & Electronic Warfare to locate & prevent the comms of a moving force of Ukrainian troops.

This is then struck by Russian (not separatist) artillery & leads to significant casualties.

4/
From interviews with Ukraine's armed forces, however, a different story emerges.

Troops were tired. They were poorly dispersed with little entrenchment. They did not expect a Russian intervention. The location was understood by the Russians to be a transit point & camp.

5/
The US version reflected the US nightmare scenario.

Drones spotting overhead. EW used to isolate battlefield comms. The capacity to direct remote fires on a moving target.

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The Ukrainian version is probably more accurate according to @AdrianBonenber1 given his analysis.

But the interesting thing is the effects that the different narratives appear to have produced.

7/
In the first instance, the US military have clearly sought to master this new combined drone/EW 'nightmare scenario'.

However, it also seems to have led analysts to conclude that Russian capabilities were more sophisticated than they are actually ARE even in 2022.

8/
The Ukrainian military have very obviously been working hard to apply techniques that make it possible to inflict the 'nightmare scenario' on the Russians.

We've seen lots of images of this on here.

Maybe the most famous is at Bilohorivka
9/
And that got me thinking about how inaccurate history effects military change.

Clearly we have lots of people watching the war in Ukraine. There's more information available too. I've been banging on about that in relation to my 2nd book #radicalwar

10/
But we also have loads of false or counternarratives being spun out where tracing causality or identifying the sequence of events is out of kilter.

Western analysts over-estimated Russian capability in 2014.

It will be important to avoid repeating that mistake in 2022.

11/

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More from @warmatters

May 16
THREAD:

The Russians took smartphones away from their soldiers.

This was designed to maintain operational security.

The Ukr Army has obvs been targeting Russian signals to force the Russians into communicating over open public networks.

1/
bbc.co.uk/news/world-eur…
At the same time, the Ukrainian's switched off mobile roaming forcing Russians to make use of Ukrainian SIMs in their smartphones.

This made it easier for the Ukrainians to target the Russians.

srslyriskybiz.substack.com/p/srsly-risky-…

2/
In combination with a very carefully managed information operation, the corollary of this is that the Ukrainians have totally dominated Western media.

That implies the Russians got it WRONG when it came to banning their soldiers from using smartphones.

3/
Read 5 tweets
May 16
THREAD:

My last book was on guns.

So this is a great thread that explores the balancing act that is increased lethality versus soldier burden.

Basically you get more lethal weapons but you carry fewer rounds OR soldier burden goes up.
Soldiers have argued that 5.56 is insufficiently lethal and 7.62 overkill. But given that battlefield lethality is framed by artillery and exploding munitions, the overall benefits of increased "lethality" needs to be understood in the overall context of brigade weapon systems.
Soldiers occupy ground. Set ambushes. Work in difficult terrain. Where they are really lethal is in close terrain or when armed with ATGMs: Jav/NLAW, or calling in remote fires.
Read 13 tweets
May 15
THREAD:

On the UK Govt effort to weaken the EU by linking the post-Brexit Northern Ireland border to security guarantees to Finland/Sweden & the defence of eastern Europe’s border.
And the Tories hope to do that when

“More than one in five of the UK population (22%) are in poverty– 14.5 million people”.

& there are only 148 tanks in the British Army following the last defence review.

jrf.org.uk/data/overall-u…
Those 148 tanks could easily get shredded in one morning while trying to cross a river…

Just as the Ukrainian Army did to the Russians…

bbc.co.uk/news/uk-englan…
Read 6 tweets
May 13
THREAD:

On defence diplomacy & Brexit.

So Frost’s wheeze is to encourage disagreement within the EU27 to undermine their negotiating position in relation to Northern Ireland’s access to the Single Market.

1/
theguardian.com/politics/2022/…
Brexiteers particularly love playing Poland/CEE back at France & Germany.

They use defence diplomacy to do this.

Troop deployments, rhetorical displays of support, security guarantees to Finland/Sweden - these are a reminder that the UK defends the EU’s eastern border.

2/
There’s no love lost between Macron and PiS/Orban obvs.

Frost wants to exploit this.

Along with the DUP his fear is that NI in the Single Market will lead to a border poll & Irish unification.

He wants to prevent this without risking a UK-EU trade war.

3/
Read 18 tweets
May 13
I'm not a close NATO watcher. Nor am I an expert in alliance politics.

But I do know the Madrid summit is an opportunity to reconnect European security back to NATO electorates who need to be brought along with the decisions being made by political-military establishments.

1/
As @paulmasonnews asks in this long discussion paper, the question should be:

"How can NATO defend its territories, its values and the economic security of its member states, while taking the peoples of the Allied countries with us on the journey?"

2/

paulmasonnews.medium.com/nato-an-altern…
This is important. If we don't ask ourselves how to do this then the debate about NATO's expansion & purpose gets left to a technocratic elite.

They may have a sense of the battlefield but wider society needs to be brought into these discussions to confer legitimacy.

3/
Read 11 tweets
May 13
This is really very good, especially on battlefield intelligence & the question of fusing different data sources to facilitate the process of targeting enemy tanks, artillery etc.

This level of fusion involves a lot of systems integration which makes it even more impressive.

1/
I write about intelligence fusion & its relationship to the information ecology in Ukraine over 3 short papers.

This one is specifically focused on how smartphones are being used to facilitate information collection for Ukrainian targeting activities.
2/
academia.edu/76011845/The_S…
What @andrewhoskins & I do in #radicalwar is to pull this through into wider changes in society. In many ways social changes in how we engage with each other through our connected devices are driving battlefield changes.

This is a SOCIETAL change as much as it is military.

3/
Read 8 tweets

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