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Jamie Clark Profile picture
@XpatEducator
May 22, 2022 • 12 tweets • 7 min read • Read on X
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🧵 In this thread, I have compiled a list of my top research summaries, articles and resources that have helped shape my teaching.

Hope you find this collection as useful as I have! ⤵️
Principles of Instruction: Research Based Strategies That All Teachers Should Know by Barak Rosenshine

In 2010, Rosenshine formulated ten key principles, which he argued underpin any effective approach to instructional teaching:

👉 aft.org/sites/default/… Image
Strengthening the Student Toolbox: Study Strategies to Boost Learning by John Dunlosky

In this article, Dunlosky expands on the most effective learning strategies and how they can be used to improve students’ retention of material.

👉 aft.org/sites/default/… ImageImage
Why Don’t Students Like School? Because the Mind Is Not Designed for Thinking by Daniel Willingam

Preceding his book of the same name, Willingam’s article outlines how teachers can set the right cognitive conditions to get students to think.

👉 aft.org/sites/default/… ImageImage
Putting Students on the Path to Learning: The Case for Fully Guided Instruction by Clark, Kirschner & Sweller

The article outlines why teachers should provide students with explicit instruction rather than helping them “discover knowledge themselves.”

👉 aft.org/sites/default/… Image
Metacognition & Self-Regulated Learning Guidance Report by the EEF

This report offers, 7 evidence based recommendations to support teachers to develop metacognitive knowledge and skills in their students.

👉 educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/public/files/P… Image
The Great Teaching Toolkit: Evidence Review by Evidence Based Education

A review of the evidence about great teaching that provides a clear and comprehensive summary for teachers on how they can improve their teaching.

👉 2366135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/2366135/… Image
Applying Cognitive Psychology to Enhance Educational Practice - Professor Robert Bjork

A webpage from Bjork’s website about learning and memory performance in relation to principles of cognitive science. Includes embedded YouTube interviews.

bjorklab.psych.ucla.edu/research/ Image
How to Use Cognitive Psychology to Enhance Learning - Podcast with Professor Robert Bjork.

This @tihighered podcast episode Bjork explains learning and memory; and the science of learning in the practice of teaching.

👉 open.spotify.com/episode/5JRR7f… ImageImage
The Learning Scientists website

This website helps make scientific research on learning more accessible to students and teachers. It contains a range of blogs and downloadable materials based on the Six Strategies for Effective Learning.

👉 learningscientists.org Image
RetrievalPractice.org website established by Pooja K. Agarwal, Ph.D.

A hub of research, resources, and teaching strategies based on the science of learning. It includes a range of downloadable free guides and resources.

👉 retrievalpractice.org Image
For ease of access, you can download the list as a simple 3 page PDF (with embedded links) here…

dropbox.com/s/qeiro7iy7n6a…

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More from @XpatEducator

Jamie Clark Profile picture
Apr 12, 2025
WHY INQUIRY-BASED APPROACHES HARM STUDENTS’ LEARNING

🧵A thread translating John Sweller’s key insights from his 2021 paper into practical takeaways.

⚠️ SPOILER: Explicit instruction isn’t just more efficient—it’s essential.

cis.org.au/wp-content/upl…
FALLING RESULTS, RISING INQUIRY

Sweller says Australia’s rankings on international tests have been falling concurrent with an increased emphasis on inquiry learning.

Translation: Over-relying on student-led discovery may be doing more harm than good.
HUMAN COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURE

Sweller says we learn in two ways:

1. Biologically Primary knowledge (e.g., talking) – automatic
2. Biologically Secondary knowledge (e.g., algebra) – needs explicit teaching

Translation: Don’t assume students will just “pick it up.” They won’t.
Read 11 tweets
Jamie Clark Profile picture
Sep 15, 2024
🧵 THREAD! Since introducing these one-pagers in my school in 2022, I’ve seen teachers’ engagement with evidence informed ideas sky-rocket. Teachers are time-poor, so distilling important ideas into an easily digestible format offers a practical solution. Here are 7 ways one-pagers support educators…Image
1/ WIDER READING: One-pagers spotlight the most important evidence-informed ideas and inspire wider reading. Our teachers have been able to focus on deeper exploration at a later date and learn at their own pace.
2/ BUILD KNOWLEDGE: One-pagers serve as a practical tool to introduce or refresh pedagogical knowledge. They have proved to be invaluable for teachers at all experience levels.
Read 12 tweets
Jamie Clark Profile picture
Sep 2, 2024
🧠 ‘Why Don’t Students Like School?’ by Daniel Willingham is one of the most influential books for teachers on cognitive science. It explores how students’ minds work and how to use this knowledge to be a better teacher.

🧵THREAD! Here are some of my main takeaways…

Thanks again to @olicav for the excellent learning and memory diagram! 🙌Image
🧠 WM has limited space and thinking becomes increasingly difficult as it gets crowded. ‘Unless the cognitive conditions are right, we avoid thinking.’ Teachers should promote challenging cognitive work by reviewing each lesson in terms of what students will THINK about.
🧠 ‘Background knowledge from our LTM helps us to make sense of new information’. Knowledge is best learned when it is conceptual and facts are interrelated. A practical way to do this is to get students to learn the unifying ideas of each discipline - the most common concepts.
Read 8 tweets
Jamie Clark Profile picture
May 15, 2024
🧵 FEEDBACK! Feedback should guide students toward improvement, be clear and specific, and encourage action. Here's a breakdown of key strategies to make the feedback process more impactful and move students forward!

Get the FREE one-pager: jamieleeclark.com/graphics
Image
🎯 **Make Feedback Specific**: Avoid generic comments like "good work" or "needs improvement." Be precise and clear. For example, “Your analysis is strong because you used…” This approach helps students understand exactly what they did well or need to improve.
🔍 **Make Feedback Understandable, Helpful, and Actionable**: @KateJones_teach explains that teacher must ensure students grasp the feedback and know how to improve.

1. Understandable: Do pupils understand the feedback? Do they understand what they need to do to improve?

2. Helpful: If the feedback isn't helping the learner move forwards and progress with their learning, then the feedback is not effective.

3. Actionable: Can pupils act on the feedback? Teachers should provide a task and time to respond and act on all feedback provided.
Read 14 tweets
Jamie Clark Profile picture
Apr 24, 2024
**🧵** Being evidence-informed involves blending insights from various educational research. Here’s a list of my favourite papers and reports that can help to refine and improve classroom instruction. Image
🪜 Principles of Instruction: Research Based Strategies That All Teachers Should Know by Barak Rosenshine

In 2012, Rosenshine formulated ten key principles, which he argued underpin any effective approach to instructional teaching.

aft.org/sites/default/…
Image
Improving Education: A Triumph of Hope Over Experience (Inaugural Lecture Slides) of @ProfCoe

Coe outlines a series of ‘poor proxies for learning’ that, even now, offer a reminder of prioritising task design and compliance over ‘thinking hard’.

f.hubspotusercontent30.net/hubfs/5191137/…
Image
Read 9 tweets
Jamie Clark Profile picture
Jun 24, 2023
‘Why Don’t Students Like School?’ by Daniel Willingham is one of the most influential books for teachers on cognitive science. It explores how students’ minds work & how to use this knowledge to be a better teacher.

🪡 THREAD. Here are some ‘brain bites’ I took away from it…
🧠 WM has limited space & thinking becomes increasingly difficult as it gets crowded. ‘Unless the cognitive conditions are right, we avoid thinking.’ Teachers should promote challenging cognitive work by reviewing each lesson in terms of what students will THINK about.
🧠 ‘Background knowledge from our LTM helps us to make sense of new information’. Knowledge is best learned when it is conceptual & facts are interrelated. A practical way to do this is to get students to learn the unifying ideas of each discipline - the most common concepts.
Read 7 tweets

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