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Jun 14, 2022 5 tweets 3 min read Read on X
The Temple of Hatshepsut, an Ancient Egyptian complex with three large terraces.

It was constructed for Pharoh Hatshepsut, one of the few confirmed female Pharaohs, who ruled Egypt ~3,500-years-ago #TombTuesday In the distance, a large an...
The impressive Temple served as a venue for religious festivals and a place where Hatshepsut's mortuary cult could continue to leave offerings and give rites for her.

📷: The Temple from above, showing its multi-layered structure. By Wouter Hagens / CC BY-SA 3.0 Image
The mortuary cult used a side room, known as the Chapel of Hatshepsut, which was decorated with massive reliefs depicting offerings being given to the Pharoh.

📷: Archaeologist documenting the relief. Image
Such reliefs were common decorations for a mortuary cult, but earlier examples are damaged. This offers archaeologists a window into who made them.

📷: 2 figures of the relief with contributions by 2 people - the right hat was made by someone more skilled than the left hat Image
Find out more in the original research. It's FREE!

'Masters and apprentices at the Chapel of Hatshepsut: towards an archaeology of ancient Egyptian reliefs' by Anastasiia Stupko-Lubczynska
doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2… Image

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More from @AntiquityJ

Mar 5
NEW Greek colonisation of the Mediterranean and the development of the Greek alphabet took place earlier than previously thought, radiocarbon dates from the Geometric period site of Zagora on the island of Andros find.

An #AntiquityThread 1/9 🧵 Fragment of a Late Geometric period krater, decorated with painted geometric patterns.
The Greek Geometric period is named after the ceramics of the time, which were painted with geometric patterns. It took place towards the end of the Early Iron Age in Greece and witnessed the beginning of Greek colonisation in the central Mediterranean. 2/9 Fragment of a Middle Geometric period pot, decorated with geometric patterns.
Key cultural developments, such as the introduction of the Greek alphabet, and a population boom took place during the Late Geometric period, which was thought to date from 760–700 BC. However, absolute dates are scarce and dating has been done using ceramic typologies. 3/9 Fragment of the base of a Sub-Protogeometric period skyphos.
Read 9 tweets
Feb 8
NEW Painkiller or pleasure? Black henbane seeds discovered in a hollowed bone provide the first conclusive evidence for the intentional use of the poisonous plant in the Roman world.

Strap in for a hallucinogenic #AntiquityThread 🧵 1/13

📷 BIAX Consult Hollowed sheep or goat bone next to many black seeds and a stopper made from black birch tar.
Archaeologists have discovered hundreds of black henbane seeds in a hollowed bone at the rural Roman-period settlement of Houten-Castellum in the Netherlands, providing the first firm evidence for the poisonous plant’s intentional use in the Roman world. 2/13 Many black henbane seeds.
Black henbane is a plant, known from ancient and historical sources both for its medical properties and for its hallucinogenic effects. Before now, however, no conclusive evidence of its use in the Roman world had been found. 3/13

📷 K.G. Simoglou / CC BY-SA 4.0 Two pale yellow black henbane flowers with black centres.
Read 13 tweets
Jan 23
NEW Pottery analysis uncovers the complex flavours of Roman wine!

Archaeologists have compared Roman clay jars for winemaking with modern Georgian examples, revealing how Roman wine looked, smelled, and tasted. 🍷

A dry and full-bodied #AntiquityThread 1/12 🧵 Buried Roman fermentation jars (dolia) from Villa Regina, Boscoreale. Credit: E. Dodd, courtesy of the Ministero della Cultura – Parco Archaeologico di Pompei.
The Romans are well-known for their love of wine. In the Roman world, large clay pots called dolia were manufactured for fermenting, storing and ageing wines. 2/12 Roman wine cellar at Tortoreto Muracche (Abruzzo). Credit: Francesco Pizzimenti, courtesy of Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di L’Aquila e Teramo.
"No study has yet scrutinised the role of these earthenware vessels in Roman winemaking and their impact on the look, smell and taste of ancient wines”, state the authors. 3/12
Read 12 tweets
Jan 15
NEW DNA analysis has revealed that regional cuisines persisted as new staple crops spread across the prehistoric world, showing how even the first cooks retained strong cooking traditions.

Strap in for a tasty #AntiquityThread 1/12 🧵 The Yanghai cemeteries. A desert containing many pits. Credit: Hongen Jiang.
Broomcorn millet was first domesticated in China before spreading west into Central Asia and beyond. In China it was cooked through boiling and steaming, producing a wet and sticky end product. 2/12 Harvested millet gathered into bundles in a field, with a mountain in the background.
In Central Asia, however, grains were typically ground and baked into bread. When millet was introduced, people simply applied their pre-existing cooking techniques to the new grain. 3/12 Loaves of bread.
Read 12 tweets
Dec 15, 2023
NEW Deep in the remote, boreal landscape of the Siberian taiga, a promontory fort has been found to be 8000 years old, making it the oldest in the world! It is a rare example of hunter-gatherers building fortified sites.

A wintery Antiquity Thread ❄️ 1/10 🧵 Above: a bank and ditch (highlighted red) marking the remains of a pit house. Below: a visible depression (highlighted red) marking the edge of the fortification.
Archaeologists have typically associated the rise of social and political 'complexity' in Eurasia with the development of agriculture. However, hunter-gatherers in Siberia built fortified settlements centuries before similar sites developed in Europe. 2/10 Map of Eurasia, showing hunter-gatherer (green) fortifications and agricultural (orange) enclosed sites.
To find out why, researchers performed fieldwork at a promontory fort (Amnya I), thought to be the oldest Stone Age fortification in Eurasia, and its associated settlement (Amnya II), providing the first direct radiocarbon dates for Amnya II. 3/10

📷 N. Golovanov Aerial photograph of the Amnya river and promontory.
Read 10 tweets
Jan 10, 2023
NEW: “Bog bodies” were part of a tradition in Europe that spanned millennia. People were buried in bogs from the prehistoric period until early modern times and when a cause of death could be determined, most met a violent end.

An #AntiquityThread 🧵 1/16
Content warning: This thread will feature some more complete images of bog bodies 2/16
Several European bog bodies are famous for being very well-preserved, such as Lindow Man (🇬🇧), Tollund Man (🇩🇰) or Yde Girl (🇳🇱). They offer a snapshot of life in the distant past but these well-preserved bodies are only a fraction of what has been found. 3/16

📷: Tollund man
Read 16 tweets

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