Robert Bateman Profile picture
Jun 17, 2022 28 tweets 9 min read Read on X
Mega thread detailing some of the GDPR and PECR reforms that the UK government will be pursuing.

I'll see how far I get anyway.

Let's go 🧵
First, research.

The government is moving the definition of "research" from the recitals to the articles of the GDPR.

I'm sure someone will provide a reason to be upset about this but seems sensible enough to me.
Moving the research provisions around a BIT, but not as much as was proposed.
There will be NO new legal basis for "research".
Messing about with consent. The government will move bits of the recitals into the articles to "clarify" the "broad" nature of consent.
More leeway for researchers to conduct further processing without obtaining additional consent. This might be a bigger deal than it sounds.
Next onto the "further processing" section of the consultation.

The government will "clarify" the rules around further processing. This is likely to make re-using personal data easier.
Same goes for the definition of an "incompatiable purpose". The government will "clarify" this in the primary legislation.
The government will clarify that if you collect data on the basis of consent, you can't use it for further purposes except under certain conditions.

This idea actually tightens the law up rather than liberalising it.
Next, legitimate interest reforms.

A reminder: the government proposed to remove the requirement to conduct a "balancing test" for processing on the basis of legitimate interest.

There would be a set of pre-determined purposes for which the balancing test was not required.
The government will be going ahead with this, initially for a limited set of purposes.

Initially controllers will not have to conduct a balancing test if they wish to use the legitimate interests basis to "prevent crime or report safeguarding concerns".
Next, on bias mitigation in AI.

The legistlation will be amended to state that special category data can be processed for the purposes of preventing bias in AI.

The EU's AI Act contains a similar provision.
As predicted, ARTICLE 22 SURVIVES.

People will still be able to object to AI-driven decisions with legal or similarly significant effects.

However, looks like the government will be restricting its use to specific situations.
I need a break now.
Next, anonymisation.

The government will "clarify" (there's that word again) the definition of anonymised data.

"This could be where a living individual is identifiable by the controller or processor by 'reasonable means'..."

Hat tip to Convention 108+ in this section.
Privacy management programmes. This is a big one.

A lot of stuff that was previously mandatory for certain orgs will no longer be mandatory.

DPOs, RoPAs, DPIAs.

Usually the org will need to do something else instead that LOOKS similar but might be quite different in practice.
Details on what a privacy management programme actually IS are relatively scant.

But the consequence of persuing this path is the removal of a lot of currently mandatory stuff.

How much difference this makes in practice is up for debate.
Some further details on the "designated individual" that would replace DPOs.

As far as I can see, there is no suggestion that it will be prohibited to discipline a designated individual for actions taken in the course of carrying out their tasks (as is the case with DPOs).
Similarly, mandatory DPIAs will be replaced by mandatory *something*, and DPIAs will remain a valid sort of risk assessment.
And RoPAs are dead but long live "personal data inventories... which describe what and where personal data is held, why it has been collected and how sensitive it is..."
Orgs will no longer HAVE TO consult with the ICO before conducting high-risk processing activities.

This confirms that the government is implementing all its proposals in this section of the consultation, in some form.
The government is NOT planning to mimic Singapore's "Active Enforcement" regime.

Perhaps there were copyright issues.
NO CHANGE to data breach notifiation thresholds.

The government planned to permit orgs not to report data breaches if the likely damage would be "not material". This would have been a syntactical travesty if nothing else.
The government will NOT be introducing a standard charge for subject access requests.

But it will be lowering the threshold at which orgs can refuse or charge for a request from "manifestly unfounded or excessive" to ‘vexatious or excessive".
COOKIE TIME

The UK will move towards an opt-out model of cookie consent for ALL cookies.

Of course this would involve geo-restricting cookie banners in the UK. Not sure how many international orgs would do this (genuinely).
The soft opt-in for direct marketing will be extended to non-commercial organisations such as charities.

Seems fair enough? I'm waiting for someone to tell me that it isn't.
Nuisance calls: The ICO will be able to account for the number of calls GENERATED rather than the number of calls CONNECTED when setting penalties.

Communications providers will that a "duty to report" "suspicious levels of traffic on their networks" to the ICO.
PECR fines will now match GDPR fines.

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More from @RobertJBateman

May 11, 2023
Yesterday, the UK Information Commissioner accused me of propagating “fake news”.

I had expressed concern about how government reforms affect the ICO’s independence.

I’m not easily offended, but I take my work very seriously.

Please let me explain why I am right about this. Image
Under the bill, the Commissioner will receive a “statement of strategic priorities” from the government, which is subject to a three-year review.

This statement “sets out the strategic priorities of His Majesty’s government relating to data protection”.
The Commissioner must “have regard to” this statement “when carrying out functions under the data protection legislation”. Image
Read 19 tweets
Apr 5, 2023
Facebook's new opt-out form is very hard to find.

After a lot of digging and several preliminary clicks, I ended up here.

I'm now going to live-tweet the process of objecting to Meta's ad-targeting.

This is pretty niche stuff. So if you're interested, I like you.

🧵 Image
First two choices are simple enough. I've got an Insta account somewhere but I'm doing this on Facebook. Image
Now it's getting complicated. That's a lot of options.

I suppose "edit my profile" could be a privacy thing.

"Manage my ad preferences" is synonymous with opting out. But we know I want the final option.

First, let's see where "Manage my ad preferences" takes us Image
Read 13 tweets
Apr 3, 2023
Today we learned some details about an appeal by WhatsApp at the CJEU.

These two paragraphs are the gist of the appeal. But what do they mean?

Here's the background and some info on the relevant law.

🧵 Image
In August 2021, the Irish DPC imposed a €225 million fine on WhatsApp.

The issues were mostly around WhatsApp's "legitimate interests" and its privacy notice.

But before issuing the fine, there was a lot of back and forth (arguments) between Ireland and the EDPB.
Here's one core disagreement between the DPC and the EDPB:

• WhatsApp's privacy notice identified each of its purposes but did not link them to its legitimate interests.

• The DPC said this was fine.

• The EDPB said it violated Article 13(1)(c) GDPR
Read 13 tweets
Apr 1, 2023
There's understandably some confusion re: OpenAI and Italy.

• It's not about privacy per se but how OpenAI uses personal data.

• The regulator has not mentioned consent.

• The order was to stop using data about people in Italy. Not just to stop providing ChatGPT there.

1/2
The issues include allegedly:

• Lacking a "legal basis" for processing personal data
• Processing inaccurate personal data
• Failing to verify whether users are children

OpenAI has 20 days to explain how it will fix these issues.

I'm not sure how it will comply with this.
Going a bit deeper:

OpenAI will probably argue it relies on "legitimate interests" to process personal data.

It will rely on an exemption to the GDPR's transparency requirements, such as that the data was public or that providing notification would be a disproportionate effort.
Read 4 tweets
Mar 31, 2023
While researching an article about TikTok recently, I decided to look at the company's latest transparency report and compare it to Meta's.

I couldn't tie the data to any sort of point so I didn't use it, but I thought people might be interested.

Let's start with TikTok.
China is not listed among the governments that requested TikTok provide data.

TikTok per se is not available in China, which has its own version of the app called Douyin

TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew claims that TikTok has never received an access request from the Chinese government
We're looking at the top five countries to make requests in H1 2022. I've excluded requests made on emergency grounds.

US law enforcement made by far the most requests from TikTok.

TikTok’s rate of compliance with US government requests is much higher than in other countries.
Read 9 tweets
Mar 9, 2023
Legitimate interests in the UK's new data protection bill❗

Legitimate interests got an overhaul in the original Data Protection and Digital Information Bill (DPIB)

Yesterday's new bill also introduced some new legitimate interests provisions.

A thread on how this all works.🧵
The DPDIB amends the UK GDPR’s “legitimate interest” provisions in two main ways:

1. Introducing the concept of "recognised legitimate interests".

2. (This is new) Providing examples of processing purposes that "may be" legitimate interests.
Part One: "Recognised legitimate interests".

The DPDIB introduces a new provision within Article 6:

“Article 6 (1) (ea): Processing is necessary for the purposes of a recognised legitimate interest.”
Read 15 tweets

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