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Jun 23 • 3 tweets • 1 min read
A number of obscure nations today used to play important roles. The mighty Safavid and Afsharid rulers of Iran once futilely warred with the now-tiny Lezgins of Dagestan and Azerbaijan.
Hard to get accurate demographic figures from that era, but Caucasus region might have had more people than Iran at the time. The genocides & expulsions in the Caucasus 1817-1957 plus Iran's population boom in second half of 20th century led population balance to favor Iran.
No one in the Caucasus was a saint, and the region's borders are a lot newer than many will admit. Armenia got its start much as Israel did - a diaspora nation returning to its ancient home & ethnically cleansing the contemporary residents:

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More from @Peter_Nimitz

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Jun 21
Former range of the Aurochs
Aurochs initially expanded in range after end of Ice Age. EEFs wiped aurochs in Italy quite early, while elsewhere in Europe they were gradually outcompeted by cattle herds. Indo-Europeans reduced aurochs numbers dramatically. In Britain, aurochs died off in Bronze Age Collapse.
Wonder if climate change did them in, if the Bell Beaker-descended IEs ate them, or if the Celts exterminated them:
Read 7 tweets
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Apr 30
DNA paper discussing Greek and Phoenician colonists in Iron Age Mediterranean. Samples are from Kerkouane in Tunisia (Carthage), Sant'Imbednia in Sardinia, and two sites in the central Italy: biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
"Morocco Late Neolithic" is 50% Cardial EEF, so implies Bronze Age or Iron Age IE settlement in Kerkouane substantial (orange is Yamnaya, yellow WHG, green pure EEF/AF). One guy in Kerkouane a Berber closely related to Canary Islanders:
the Kerkouane Berber is interesting since like most of the North African peoples he hints at old & poorly understood connections across the Green Sahara.
Read 5 tweets
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Apr 29
Thread with excerpts from “The Jesuits, 1534-1921” by Thomas J. Campbell Image
Ignatius Loyola & Martin Luther were contemporaries. Jesuits were founded to convert the Turks to Catholicism, not the Protestants. ImageImage
One of the founders of the Jesuits had Jewish ancestry. The Jesuits ran shelters for Jews fleeing persecution from the very beginning of operations. ImageImageImageImage
Read 31 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Apr 22
Thread with excerpts from “The Chronicle of One Battalion” by Ihor Orel Image
The battalion in this book was one of Ukraine’s territorial battalions, formed from volunteers who included both Donbass locals as well as people from other parts of Ukraine. They grew from handful of men on 4 May to over 100 on 10 May 2014. ImageImage
16 May 2014 the Russian separatists sent unarmed local activists, journalists, & priests to confront the Ukrainian battalion. Flushed with previous successes, the separatist activists asked the battalion to leave. Image
Read 12 tweets
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Apr 19
According to Strelkov, Soviets left behind doomsday bunkers in mines filled with millions of weapons.
He doesn’t say what kind of shape the weapons are in, but presumably if soaked in cosmoline they should be serviceable.
The doomsday bunker in the Soledar Salt Mines in Ukraine has 20k Maxim guns, 500k PPShs, 1.5 million AKs, and millions of other weapons. It also has its own air and power systems, and enough food stockpiled for two months of siege.
Read 4 tweets
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Mar 27
Thread with excerpts from “The Ottoman Age of Exploration” by Giancarlo Casale Image
Malik Ayyaz, governor of Diu for Sultanate of Gujarat, hosted many Ottoman merchants. He supported Mamluk Egyptian admiral al-Kurdi in 1507, but turned against him in 1509. al-Kurdi went rogue in 1515 & invaded Yemen instead of attacking Portuguese in India. ImageImageImage
Cape route to India was more expensive than Egyptian route. Portuguese were aware of this, & their use of Cape route was not meant as a bypass of Egypt but as an economic attack on Egypt with end goal of conquering Egypt. Image
Read 32 tweets

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