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Jul 15 82 tweets 64 min read
Rappler Talk: Is history like tsismis? twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1…
History is “like tsismis” (gossip).

That was the controversial statement made by actress Ella Cruz that sparked conversations online, with entertainment personalities, celebrities, and historians weighing in on the role of history in truth-telling. #RapplerTalk
King of Talk Boy Abunda and historian and professor Xiao Chua weigh in on the issue in this episode of #RapplerTalk.

Watch it here:
.@Xiao_Chua: Puntahan natin ‘yung pinagmulan ng salitang “kasaysayan” ayon kay Zeus Salazar…. Ang kasaysayan ay mula sa salitang “saysay,” ibig sabihin ano ang kuwento? Ano ang importante, makabuluhan, mahalaga? #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: If we’re talking about Filipino nationhood, siyempre ano ‘yung mga naging events na naging mahalaga…na kailangang balikan natin para maintindihan natin kung paano tayo nagkaganito bilang isang bansa, ‘yung may saysay. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Sinasabi nila, “Hindi ba nag-o-omit ka sa history…may omission?” Totoo naman ‘yun eh kasi hindi lahat ng events puwede mong ilagay sa mga libro. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Minsan lumilitaw siya (tsismis) ‘pag kailangan mo pero…kailangan din na tinitingnan mo ano ang mahalaga. Hindi naman siya mahalaga, huwag mo nang ikuwento muna. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Subjective ang subject ng history. Although subjective siya, hindi siya katulad ng literature na puwede kang mag-imbento kasi creative arts siya. Ang history ay nagbo-border din sa isang agham. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: ‘Pag sinabi mong science, may metodo ng pagtingin kung ano ang totoo, ano ang hindi based on the evidence. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Sinasabi nila, “Bakit, ‘yung tsismis ba hindi ba kasama sa kasaysayan ‘yon?” Una, kailangan natin maintindihan na ‘yung tsismis…puwede mo siyang gawing source ng history pero hindi sa pag-verify ng actual events. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Salamin [ang tsismis] ng kultura at ng pag-iisip ng mga tao, pero hindi sa pag-verify ng certain facts. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Kailangan natin maintindihan na kaya malaki ang premium ng mga Pilipino sa tsismis ay dahil ‘di tayo “writing society” noong unang panahon. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Boy Abunda: ‘Yung pagiging subjective, hindi nakahiwalay sa methodology ng history…. ‘Yung methodology kasi, nag-uumpisa ‘yan sa hypothesis. Tapos, mayroon kang ebidensiya… (1/2)
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Nag-a-analyze ka. Nag-i-interpret ka. Doon pumapasok ‘yung subjectivity. (2/2) #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: ‘Yung pagiging subjective ay nakapaloob doon sa proseso ng pagsusulat ng kasaysayan dahil ito’y isinusulat ng mga tao. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Ano ba ang tsismis? Idinidikit lamang ito – and this is a stereotype – na ang tsismis is showbiz. Ang tsismis ay nakapaloob sa buhay natin araw-araw. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Bahagi [ang tsismis] ng buhay…. Importante, maintindihan natin ano ba ang tsismis? Sa pag-aaral, may ilan akong naisip. Una, ang tsismis ay isang kuwento na nanggaling sa wala, pero malasa at ikinalat. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: [Gossip] is told and retold because it is palatable. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda on celebrity death hoaxes: Bakit madaling kumalat? Patay eh. Kamatayan – malasa pakinggan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: The second kind – a true story told and retold using the four operations of mathematics. May totoong kuwento, pero may addition, subtraction, division at may multiplication. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: When you do tsismis – and sana hindi lang ito sa showbiz idikit – may power ka eh. I know something that you don’t…. And tsismis is super superpower. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Nangyayari ‘yan (dagdag-bawas) because of [our] problem with memory…. Kahit ‘yung mga ginawa natin kahapon, ‘di na natin maalala. Kapag nakarinig ka at ni-retell mo ulit, may nakalimutan kang detalye…. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Kaya nga mahalaga ang pagre-record sa kasaysayan at pagtingin sa record. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Pero mayroon din intensiyon – ang mga motivation diyan (tsismis) puwedeng makasira…may malice kadalasan. At saka mas makulay ang kuwento mo, mas makapangyarihan ka: “Ang dami niyang alam na detalye.” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda narrates how a simple story is passed down from a generation to another, with details being more exaggerated every time it is shared. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: We also have tsismis by interpretation. Dito na kami nag-a-agree ni Xiao. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda says there’s also tsismis by impression – which is about how one can come up with tsismis about a person based only on first interaction. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda says “tsismoso” is a pejorative term and nobody would claim such label. He adds that since rumor-peddlers usually have nothing to do, gossip serves as their entertainment. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua On how tsismis can be stopped, Abunda says one can just ignore it, face it head on, or seek legal redress. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda defends entertainment reporters: Hindi magsasabi [nang] walang sources. Kadalasan ang mga sikreto ng negosyong ito, alam ni Manay Lolit, alam ni Cristy Fermin. Pero ‘di ko sinasabi na lahat sila tama. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Iba ang tsismis sa showbiz at saka iba ang tsismis sa pulitika. May commonality ‘yan…. In showbiz, you are not made to account. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Iba na ‘pag ang pinag-uusapan ay kasaysayan dahil it cannot be debated. Facts are facts…. Ang facts, hindi mo puwede pagdebatihan, kaya nga dumadaan sa proseso ng pag-validate. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua on popularity being used to measure veracity: Hindi naman komo popular, eh ‘yun na ‘yung totoo. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua On Marcos winning the elections and disinformation networks, Chua says he does not believe that the votes were all a product of disinformation. “May iba't ibang dahilan kung bakit nila ginawa ‘yung pagboto,” he says. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua says disinformation networks use techniques to make their content more palatable to audiences. “Gumagamit siya ng termino na clickbait,” he adds. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda on handling disinformation: Dapat maging mapanuri talaga doon sa “Clickbait ba ito? Ito ba ay may nilalaman?” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: When I read something that appears to be historical narrative, my first reaction is to doubt. Nagdududa ako until I prove myself wrong. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua on why historians don’t use “explosive” terms to popularize history: Puwede namang gumamit noon kung talagang eksplosibo. You do not use that kung eksaherasyon ‘yan at pinapalaki mo lang. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua On “clickbait” and explosive themes, Abunda asks: What’s stopping you from using the themes when in the end [you’re telling] the truth? #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Mayroon akong naging statement noon: The results of the 2022 elections is a referendum of what version of history is accepted. I got corrected: “No amount of election can take us away from the truth.” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Paano haharapin ng historians? Public history na ‘yon. There was a time na ini-i-snob ng mga nasa akademya ang mga nagko-column na historyador, mga gumagawa ng video, mga nagko-consultant sa pelikula, etc. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: ‘Yung kasaysayang pangmadla, lumabas tayo. Masaya ako…na marami nang historyador na nasa Facebook, nasa TikTok, Twitter, etc. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Hindi lang ‘yung spoonfeeding of facts. ‘Yung ginagawa natin ngayon: Paano nag-a-analyze, paano nag-iisip – ‘yung metodo. Paano ba natin malalaman o ive-verify kung ang isang impormasyon ay totoo? #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Kaming mga historyador kasi tinitingnan namin, may certain information ka – halimbawa, ambush ni Minister Enrile, so that’s a historical event. September 22, 1972. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Now ang nangyari kasi d’yan ay noong EDSA revolution, sinabi niya na peke ‘yon (his ambush). Ibig sabihin ito [ay] staged. It was a parang ano– noh– parang it was staged so that martial law could be justified. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Now ang problem kasi diyan, noong sinabi niya ‘yon then he wrote his memoirs and said hindi siya totoo na staged. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Kailangan maghanap ka ngayon ng isa pang primary source na magsasabi sa ’yo na maaaring mayroon siyang primary source or kahit secondary source na maaring may impormasyon na magko-confirm o magde-deny doon sa sinabi. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua on use of the terms “revisionism” and “denialism”: Lahat ng terms na 'yan ay tama kung titignan mo sa mga konteksto ng kanilang pinagmulan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Historical revisionism sa West, bakit? Defined na ang kanilang history eh, ang mga facts hindi na halos pinag-aawayan. ‘Pag ni-revise mo ‘yan usually, nagmamali ka na. Kaya sa kanila tama 'yung "historical revisionism". #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Historical denialism…bakit denial 'yung sinasabi? Kasi nagmula ‘yan sa Holocaust denial – na sinasabi mong hindi state policy ‘yung pagkamatay nung mga Hudyo. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Kaya ang gusto kong term – historical distortion. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Ang ayaw kasi natin ‘yung – halimbawa, kung magkakaroon sila ng mga literatura o pelikula tungkol sa mga Marcos sa kasaysayan, wala namang problema doon kasi ginagawa naman ‘yan eh. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Maraming historyador na actually sumulat para sa mga Marcos. At based on evidence ang kanilang sinasabi. Ayaw lang natin 'yung mga pagbabaluktot. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Pero ‘yung mga mali, itapon o ‘wag nang i-justify. Ang natatakot kasi ‘yung marami ngayon ay i-jujustify itong mga ito, ‘tong mga ginawang mali (1/2)
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: ...tapos mawalan ng saysay ‘yung experiences ng mga biktima, at ng buong bansa na nabiktima din nung plunder. ‘Pag ninakawan ang bansa, pati tayo ay biktima nun. (2/2) #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua and Abunda are now engaging in a fun rundown – a la fast talk – of historical events and the gossip or facts that surround these. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Ang una kong reaction [noong nakita ko ang post ni Ella], tawagan ang bata. Sinabi ko, “Ella, isang beses, mag-usap tayo.” I thought it was the right thing to do. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Hindi ako naniniwala na dapat siya ay kutyain. I’m talking from an industry point of view – kung meron kang alam, turuan mo. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Kung meron kang nais itama at ibahagi sa bata, naniniwala ako na magagawa ito sa maayos na paraan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua On celebrity endorsements, Abunda says: Napaka-polarized ng ating election…. Ano ba ang celebrity endorsement? It’s a marketing tool or a strategy. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Simply said, celebrity endorsement ay hinihiram lang ‘yung – halimbawa ako ay isa fan – ‘yung aking pagmamahal, aking debosyon, ang aking paghanga. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: It’s the transfer of how I feel, my brand experience. It’s not easy. Kailangan ‘yung magic andoon. May kredibilidad ang endorser. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Ang pinakamahalaga sa lahat, dapat compatible ‘yung celebrity at ‘yung kandidato. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Kung gustong pumasok [ng mga movie star] sa diskursong pulitika, aralin. “Ano ang isinisigaw? Ito ba ay kompatible sa aking pinaninindigan?” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Importante na aaralin mo ang diskurso at ideyolohiya kung meron…. Movie stars who want to go into the political sphere should study. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda says movie stars should study politics, should they desire to enter the political sphere, like the way they study music and films that they produce. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua How should people react to celebrities talking about politics? Abunda says, “Huwag matahin.” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Mayroon ka nang stereotype agad na ‘pag ika’y showbiz, ika’y bobo. Hindi po tama ‘yon. Ano ang dapat reaksiyon? Mamamayan ‘yan, nagbabayad ‘yan ng buwis. Engaged ‘yan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: I think ang reaksiyon ay pakinggan mo kung may sinasabi at busisihin mo rin. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: ‘Yung una kong reaction ay, “Sino siya?” – not because I belittle her, but because hindi ko pa siya nakikilala nang lubos. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Una, parang nasaktan ako doon sa notion na history is like tsismis kasi parang…nasaktan ako for other historians who are doing their best na hindi maging tsismis ‘yung kanilang ginagawa. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Two days hindi ako sumagot. Ang naka-convince lang sa akin ay si Christian Esguerra. Sabi niya, baka puwede kitang interviewhin. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: In a normal circumstance, ‘yung sinabi ni Ella, napaka-harmless noon…. Sabi nga may dagdag, may omission, may bias. Kung hihimayin mo ‘yung buong statement na ‘yon, walang masama. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Pero bakit nag-react ‘yung mga tao? Una sa lahat, ang sabi: “Sir, hindi puwedeng hindi mo pansinin ‘yan. May influence ‘yan. Artista ‘yan.” #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Number two, kailangan makita natin ‘yung konteksto ng pelikula, ‘yun ang malaking konteksto kung bakit nag-react [ang mga tao]. Kung hindi ‘yon ang konteksto, walang magre-react. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Ang magandang nangyari doon, may conversation tayo.

He adds that members of the entertainment industry should talk more about history, politics. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Huwag nating i-encourage ang [political] dichotomy. Pakinggan pa rin natin ang isa’t isa, kahit ‘yan ay pro-Marcos or anti-Marcos. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua .@Xiao_Chua: Tama si Tito Boy: “Kaibigan, tara, usap tayo.” It’s still effective. As a nation, mag-usap tayo. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Is history like tsismis?

.@Xiao_Chua: History is not just tsismis. Ang kasaysayan ay kuwento nating lahat…. Gawin natin ang lahat para hindi natin sirain ang kasaysayan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: I’ll rephrase that — tsismis is part of our historical discourse. Maraming tsismis ang bahagi ng ating pagkukuwento that need to be proven, verified. Pero hindi mo puwedeng sabihin na walang tsismis ang kasaysayan. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua Abunda: Dahil sa nangyaring ito, sana’y ipagpatuloy ang pag-uusap. Let the conversation continue. #RapplerTalk
@Xiao_Chua That’s a wRap! Watch the full episode of #RapplerTalk here: rappler.com/nation/intervi…

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