Kamil Galeev Profile picture
Jul 17 16 tweets 5 min read
Great question. You see, many scenarios that kinda seem plausible ("Dagestan Rebellion") are unlikely to happen exactly because they're just too foreseeable. Muslim rebellion in Caucasus seems plausible not only to you, but also to Kremlin. So it took certain precautions (not🧵)
Regarding Dagestan, Kremlin identified potentially disloyal settlements. Such as Gimry for example. At the entrance to any of them they put a checkpoint with an armoured vehicle standing there 24/7. They check documents, don't allow any outsiders and kinda show they keep control
To my best knowledge, they tended to put the National Guard from Tatarstan to guard potentially disloyal settlements in Dagestan. Kinda control Muslims with Muslims. These guys stand at the most risky positions, but overall Dagestan was full of federal forces when I visited it
Scenario of rebellion on the ethnic periphery seems plausible to the government. It took so many precautions against it and is monitoring the situation so closely, that I estimate a possibility of (somewhat successful) rebellion there as nearly zero. It's very well controlled
I think that the disintegration of Russia should it take place, gonna start in predominantly Russian regions. And ofc it won't do anything with the "popular rebellion", more with the separatism of the interest groups, once they find that being in Russia doesn't pay off anymore
I think that many analysts focus on wrong stuff, when discussing the political situation in Russia. Like "How many people support Putin?" or even worse "How many people in X. region want independence?". That's absolutely irrelevant. Ask stupid questions, get stupid answers
The thing to understand about complex sociopolitical processes is that they happen by iterations. Agenda, goals, views change on every iteration. On iteration 1 almost nobody has any idea where it all gonna lead. Almost everyones gets it wrong, including the political leadership
The question "How many people support independence?" implies that first you build the consensus for it and then based on this consensus you pursue a policy for it. But that's not how it happens in reality. In reality the process takes many iterations
Consider the American Revolution. In the beginning, those who wanted to separate from the Great Britain for real were probably a tiny minority. To the contrary, most leaders and most Founding Fathers strongly believed in the British monarchy until almost the very end
It was the British parliament that was seen as the true enemy. In 1774 Thomas Jefferson advocated for *increasing* the royal power over parliament. During the war members of Continental Congress addressed their lobster enemies as the "Ministerial Army" or the "Parliament Troops"
Radicalisation of the American protest happened *during* the revolutionary war, after so many blood was spilled and all American attempts for reconciliation such as avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/c… rejected by their beloved Sovereign. Only then Founding Fathers turned away from the king
That doesn't necessarily mean that they all were sincerely loyal to the British monarchy. It just means that they were hesitant to break up with the British Empire till almost the very end. Declaring loyalty for the king = we don't want to cut the ways for reconciliation
In the course of war the Founding Fathers did indeed radicalise. And they adopted much of the English radical agenda and mythology. Jefferson suggested putting on the Great Seal of the U.S.

1. Children of Israel (= Christianity)
2. Hengist and Horsa (= English radicalism)
Saxon England played a special role in the historical imagination of the English radicals. Since the 17th c. they would picture the Saxon England as kinda egalitarian and democratic society destroyed by the Norman invasion. Monarchy = continuation of the Normans
This racialisation of political divisions occasionally continued for very long. As late as in 1911, a pamphlet of the last Liberal government questioned "Who shall rule: Briton or Norman?", painting the southern Tory strongholds as "Normans"

explore.library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collec…
By the end of the war Jefferson and Paine already acted within the old tradition of English radicalism, portraying the monarchy as the foreign Norman institution imposed upon the freedom-loving Saxon race. That meant they indeed were ready to break with the monarchy. The end

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More from @kamilkazani

Jul 19
Many wondered: why during the Chechen wars many families opposed the war, while now almost nobody does? Well, one answer is that during the Chechen wars monetary compensations to families were negligible, while now the "coffin money" (гробовые) are quite good. You can buy a car
Also notice the location. It's Saratov. There is a major gap between more successful Middle Volga regions like Tatarstan, Samara and Ulyanovsk (green) and much poorer Lower Volga such as Saratov (yellow) or Volgograd (red). Socioeconomic situation in the latter is *way* worse Image
The gap is not only economic, but also cultural. In some respects the Middle vs Lower Volga dichotomy resembles the nanfang vs beifang dichotomy in China. Saratov and Volgograd are paradoxically much more "beifang", Muscovite and Great Russian than regions to the north of them Image
Read 5 tweets
Jul 16
Moscow woman reported on her son who was dodging the draft. He is 26 and would turn 27 in three months. In Russia you can't be conscripted once you're 27, so time is short. He tried to launch an IT startup but failed and closed it in Jan 2022. After a conflict she reported on him
Another similar publication. A mother was upset about her 22 y.o. son playing in Counter Strike and earning on it, so she reported about him dodging the draft. Btw: that's a news from late May 2022, so the war had been going for three months mk.ru/social/2022/05…
Read 8 tweets
Jul 16
Combination of land and river routes. Which made the cost of Pacific navy (and thus Alaska expansion) prohibitively high. Add to that that profits from Alaska were low as Russia was not allowed to sell those furs to China by sea like Westerners. And you'll get why Russia sold it
While Westerners traded with China by the sea, Russia was allowed to trade only via the Kyakhta town located deep inland. So you either carry Alaskan furs to Kyakhta or sell them to Americans who were allowed to do maritime commerce with China. Usually Russia chose the latter
Basically this asymmetry: prohibitively high costs of maintaining Alaska and the absurdly low profits from it were a major reason why Russia sold its only overseas colony (To be fair many of the Russian Far Eastern possessions were supplied by the sea routes via Suez, etc.)
Read 4 tweets
Jul 16
You could add Russia to the list. Strange it may sound, its pattern of expansion was similar. Except it was potamic rather than oceanic. In this respect it kinda resembled Portugues expansion in what is now Brazil. And yes, Russia struggled to go far away from the rivers, too
Consider the map of Russian admiralties till 1680-1800s. Some of them look "logical" being located at the cost, like in St Petersburg or Arkhangelsk. But Kazan or Voronezh are deep inland. They would build ships there and then go down the river to the sea. Irkutsk is even better
Irkutsk admiralty didn't build ships. But it prepared all the equipment & components for the Okhotsk shipyard. It was a very northern Okhotsk that was the initial Russian stronghold on the Pacific. Alaska was colonised from there. What is now Vladivostok was annexed only in 1850s
Read 16 tweets
Jul 15
In modern Russia the words "musicians" and "orchestra" have acquired new connotations. In war-related materials they serve as references to the "Wagner" mercenary company which fought for Putin in Syria, Central Africa and now in Ukraine

(a short promo 🧵 for the #rheinmetall)
Wagner is founded by Evegeny Prigozhin, a St Petersburg businessman close to Vladimir Putin. Prigozhin either made his fortune in restaurant business or used restaurants as a cover. Later he would organise catering for the Russian leadership, so Prigizhin was called Putin's cook
Wagner company grew big. A list of their job openings from their Vkontakte page. That gives some idea about the idea and variety of equipment they are using. That's a full scale private army vk.com/pmcworld
Read 15 tweets
Jul 14
Since 2014 Rheinmetall could not be building Mulino *directly*. They had to "leave" the project to a Russian company, which they would provide with supplies to finish construction. An additional layer was added to this project. And my sources say this layer was stealing too much
According to my sources, the main problem was institutional. Once Rheinmetall could not manage the Mulino construction directly, it was delegated to a Russian company Гарнизон. Which maximised short term profits for its management. That's why it is of lower quality than planned
When discussing sanction policy many underestimate how difficult it is to do stuff. Let's say Putin can't get sth from Europe. "Then he could just buy it through X". No, it's not "just". You can bypass sanctions by adding layers & proxies. But it will be very much more expensive
Read 8 tweets

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